An overview of biodegradable packaging in food industry

Current Research in Food Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 4, P. 503 - 520

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

For many years, conventional plastics are manufactured and used for packaging applications in different sectors. As the food industries increasing, demand material is also increasing. Plastics have transformed industry to higher levels; however, petroleum-based non-degradable which has created severe ecological problems environment like a threat aquatic life degrading air quality. Biodegradable polymers or biopolymers emerged as an alternative approach industrial control risk caused by non-biodegradable plastic. According type of starting material, they been categorized extracted from biomass, synthesized monomers, produced microorganisms. The quality depends on physical, mechanical, thermal, barrier properties. present review highlights characteristics various their blends, comparison properties between biopolymers, market potential applications. emphasizes commercial forms films, trays, bags, coatings, foamed products application modified atmosphere packaging, active edible packaging. Different issues affecting growth harmful formed during production consumer perception discussed. Information widely scattered over sources, this article aims provide overview biodegradable polymer packages

Language: Английский

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Are bioplastics and plant-based materials safer than conventional plastics? In vitro toxicity and chemical composition

Environment International, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 145, P. 106066 - 106066

Published: Sept. 17, 2020

Plastics contain a complex mixture of known and unknown chemicals; some which can be toxic. Bioplastics plant-based materials are marketed as sustainable alternative to conventional plastics. However, little is with regard the chemicals they safety these compounds. Thus, we extracted 43 everyday bio-based and/or biodegradable products well their precursors, covering mostly food contact made nine material types, characterized extracts using in vitro bioassays non-target high-resolution mass spectrometry. Two-third (67%) samples induced baseline toxicity, 42% oxidative stress, 23% antiandrogenicity one sample estrogenicity. In total, detected 41,395 chemical features 186-20,965 present individual samples. 80% contained >1000 features, most them unique sample. We tentatively identified 343 priority compounds including monomers, oligomers, plastic additives, lubricants non-intentionally added substances. Extracts from cellulose- starch-based generally triggered strong toxicity features. The toxicological signatures polyethylene (Bio-PE), terephthalate (Bio-PET), polybutylene adipate (PBAT), succinate (PBS), polylactic acid (PLA), polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) bamboo-based varied respective product rather than material. Toxicity was less prevalent potent raw final products. A comparison plastics indicates that bioplastics similarly This highlights need focus more on aspects when designing truly "better" alternatives.

Language: Английский

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Plastic Products Leach Chemicals That Induce In Vitro Toxicity under Realistic Use Conditions

Environmental Science & Technology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 55(17), P. 11814 - 11823

Published: Aug. 17, 2021

Plastic products contain complex mixtures of extractable chemicals that can be toxic. However, humans and wildlife will only exposed to plastic are released under realistic conditions. Thus, we investigated the toxicological chemical profiles leaching into water from 24 everyday covering eight polymer types. We performed migration experiments over 10 days at 40 °C analyzed migrates using four in vitro bioassays nontarget high-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MSE). All induced baseline toxicity, 22 an oxidative stress response, 13 antiandrogenicity, one estrogenicity. Overall, between 17 8681 relevant features were present migrates. In other words, 1 88% associated with product migrating. Further, tentatively identified ∼8% all detected implying most remain unknown. While low-density polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane endpoints, a generalization for materials is not possible. Our results demonstrate readily leach many more than previously known, some which toxic vitro. This highlights currently considered public health science policies.

Language: Английский

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Recent advances in biobased and biodegradable polymer nanocomposites, nanoparticles, and natural antioxidants for antibacterial and antioxidant food packaging applications

Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 21(4), P. 3673 - 3716

Published: June 17, 2022

Abstract Inorganic nanoparticles (NPs) and natural antioxidant compounds are an emerging trend in the food industry. Incorporating these substances biobased biodegradable matrices as polysaccharides (e.g., starch, cellulose, chitosan) proteins has highlighted potential active packaging applications due to more significant antimicrobial, antioxidant, UV blocking, oxygen scavenging, water vapor permeability effects, low environmental impact. In recent years, migration of metal NPs oxides contact their toxicological have raised concerns about safety nanomaterials. this review, we provide a comprehensive overview main polymer nanocomposites, inorganic NPs, antioxidants, use packaging. The intrinsic properties actives materials evaluated extend shelf‐life, safety, quality. Toxicological aspects understand current controversy on applying some nanomaterials synergism plant‐derived vitamins, polyphenols, carotenoids) essential oils (EOs) potentiated antibacterial nanocomposite films. Biodegradable films based green NPs—this is biosynthesized from plant extracts–showed suitable mechanical barrier had lower impact offered efficient protection. Furthermore, AgNPs TiO 2 released ions into contents insufficiently cause harm human cells, which could be helpful understanding critical gaps progress field.

Language: Английский

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European Union legislation on macroalgae products

Aquaculture International, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 29(2), P. 487 - 509

Published: Jan. 20, 2021

Abstract Macroalgae-based products are increasing in demand also Europe. In the European Union, each category of macroalgae-based is regulated separately. We discuss EU legislation, including law on medicinal products, foods food supplements and additives, feed cosmetics, packaging materials, fertilizers biostimulants, as well biofuels. Product safety consumer protection priorities with any new products. Macroalgae can be sold traditional herbal medicines. The novel regulation applies to macroalgae that have not previously been used food, organic a specific regulatory category. maximum levels heavy metals may barrier for foods, feeds, fertilizers. Getting health claims approved based demanding. addition rules business strongly impacted by elements general environment such agricultural/aquacultural subsidies, maritime spatial planning aquaculture licensing, public procurement criteria, tax schemes, trade agreements.

Language: Английский

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Unpacking the complexity of the PET drink bottles value chain: A chemicals perspective

Journal of Hazardous Materials, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 430, P. 128410 - 128410

Published: March 4, 2022

Chemicals can migrate from polyethylene terephthalate (PET) drink bottles to their content and recycling processes may concentrate or introduce new chemicals the PET value chain. Therefore, even though is key in reducing plastic pollution, it raise concerns about safety quality. This study provides a systematic evidence map of food contact (FCCs) that aiming identify challenges closing packaging loop. The migration potential 193 FCCs has been investigated across lifecycle, which 150 have detected into simulants/food samples. reveals much research focused on antimony (Sb), acetaldehyde some well-known endocrine-disrupting (EDCs). It indicates discusses influential factors migration, such as physical characteristics geographical origin bottles, storage conditions, reprocessing efficiency . Although, quality implications arising remain underexplored, higher Sb Bishphenol A reported recycled (rPET) compared virgin PET. attributed multiple contamination sources variability collection, sorting, decontamination efficiency. Better collaboration among stakeholders entire lifecycle needed ensure sustainable resource management rPET.

Language: Английский

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Systematic evidence on migrating and extractable food contact chemicals: Most chemicals detected in food contact materials are not listed for use

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 63(28), P. 9425 - 9435

Published: May 18, 2022

Food packaging is important for today's globalized food system, but contact materials (FCMs) can also be a source of hazardous chemicals migrating into foodstuffs. Assessing the impacts FCMs on human health requires comprehensive identification they contain, (FCCs). We systematically compiled "database and extractable chemicals" (FCCmigex) using information from 1210 studies. found that to date 2881 FCCs have been detected, in total six FCM groups (Plastics, Paper & Board, Metal, Multi-materials, Glass Ceramic, Other FCMs). 65% these detected were previously not known used FCMs. Conversely, more than 12'000 used, only 1013 are included FCCmigex database. Plastic most studied with 1975 detected. Our findings expand universe 14,153 chemicals. This knowledge contributes developing non-hazardous lead safer support circular economy.

Language: Английский

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A Children’s Health Perspective on Nano- and Microplastics

Environmental Health Perspectives, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 130(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Pregnancy, infancy, and childhood are sensitive windows for environmental exposures. Yet the health effects of exposure to nano- microplastics (NMPs) remain largely uninvestigated or unknown. Although plastic chemicals a well-established research topic, impacts particles unexplored, especially with regard early life exposures.This commentary aims summarize knowns unknowns around child- pregnancy-relevant exposures NMPs via inhalation, placental transfer, ingestion breastmilk, dermal absorption.A comprehensive literature search map state science on found 37 primary articles relevance during revealed major knowledge gaps in field. We discuss opportunities challenges quantifying child-specific (e.g., breastmilk infant formula) effects, light global inequalities baby bottle use, consumption packaged foods, air pollution, hazardous disposal, regulatory safeguards. also needs linking child NMP address context public action.Few studies have addressed sources exposure, estimates currently rely generic assumptions rather than empirical measurements. Furthermore, toxicological has not specifically focused health, yet children's immature defense mechanisms make them particularly vulnerable. Apart from few investigating transfer NMPs, physicochemical properties polymer, size, shape, charge) driving absorption, biodistribution, elimination be benchmarked. Accordingly, evidence base regarding potential remains sparse. Based date, we provide recommendations fill gaps, stimulate policymakers industry safety point families reduce plastic. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9086.

Language: Английский

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Review of microplastics and chemical risk posed by plastic packaging on the marine environment to inform the Global Plastic Treaty

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 946, P. 174000 - 174000

Published: June 18, 2024

Language: Английский

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Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), its additives, microplastic and human health: Unresolved and emerging issues

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 960, P. 178276 - 178276

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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