The importance of antioxidants which play the role in cellular response against oxidative/nitrosative stress: current state

Nutrition Journal, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Dec. 1, 2015

Remarkable interest has risen in the idea that oxidative/nitrosative stress is mediated etiology of numerous human diseases. Oxidative/Nitrosative result an disequilibrium oxidant/antioxidant which reveals from continuous increase Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species production. The aim this review to emphasize with current information importance antioxidants play role cellular responce against stress, would be helpful enhancing knowledge any biochemist, pathophysiologist, or medical personnel regarding important issue. Products lipid peroxidation have commonly been used as biomarkers damage. Lipid generates a variety relatively stable decomposition end products, mainly α, β-unsaturated reactive aldehydes, such malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, 2-propenal (acrolein) isoprostanes, can measured plasma urine indirect index stress. Antioxidants are exogenous endogenous molecules mitigate form its consequences. They may act directly scavenging free radicals increasing antioxidative defences. Antioxidant deficiencies develop decreased antioxidant intake, synthesis enzymes increased utilization. supplementation become increasingly popular practice maintain optimal body function. However, antoxidants exhibit pro-oxidant activity depending on specific set conditions. Of particular their dosage redox conditions cell.

Language: Английский

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Antioxidant and Oxidative Stress: A Mutual Interplay in Age-Related Diseases

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: Oct. 16, 2018

Aging is the progressive loss of organ and tissue function over time. Growing older positively linked to cognitive biological degeneration such as physical frailty, psychological impairment, decline. Oxidative stress considered an imbalance between pro- antioxidant species, which results in molecular cellular damage. plays a crucial role development age-related diseases. Emerging research evidence has suggested that can control autoxidation by interrupting propagation free radicals or inhibiting formation subsequently reduce oxidative stress, improve immune function, increase healthy longevity. Indeed, oxidation damage highly dependent on inherited acquired defects enzymes involved redox-mediated signaling pathways. Therefore, molecules with activity promote aging counteract worth discuss further. Of particular interest this article, we highlighted mechanisms antioxidants prevention Taken together, better understanding redox modulation inflammation would provide useful approach for potential interventions, promoting

Language: Английский

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Redox metabolism: ROS as specific molecular regulators of cell signaling and function

Molecular Cell, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 81(18), P. 3691 - 3707

Published: Sept. 1, 2021

Language: Английский

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Oxidative Stress in Human Pathology and Aging: Molecular Mechanisms and Perspectives

Cells, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(3), P. 552 - 552

Published: Feb. 5, 2022

Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) are generated through various endogenous exogenous processes; however, they neutralized by enzymatic non-enzymatic antioxidants. An imbalance between the generation neutralization of oxidants results in progression to oxidative stress (OS), which turn gives rise diseases, disorders aging. The characteristics aging include progressive loss function tissues organs. theory explains that age-related functional losses due accumulation reactive (ROS), their subsequent damages tissue deformities. Moreover, diseases caused OS cardiovascular [CVDs], chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, kidney neurodegenerative cancer. OS, induced ROS, is different antioxidants prevents cells, organs from damage. However, prolonged decreases content antioxidant status cells reducing activities reductants antioxidative enzymes pathological conditions. Therefore, aim present review discuss mechanism ROS-induced signaling age-associated complications mediated toxic manifestations order devise effective preventive curative natural therapeutic remedies.

Language: Английский

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Roles of Autophagy in Oxidative Stress

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(9), P. 3289 - 3289

Published: May 6, 2020

Autophagy is a catabolic process for unnecessary or dysfunctional cytoplasmic contents by lysosomal degradation pathways. implicated in various biological processes such as programmed cell death, stress responses, elimination of damaged organelles and development. The role autophagy crucial mediator has been clarified expanded the pathological response to redox signalling. major sensor Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive molecules that generated by-products cellular metabolism, principally mitochondria. Mitochondrial ROS (mROS) beneficial detrimental cells depending on their concentration location. mROS function messengers intracellular signalling at physiologically low level, whereas excessive production causes oxidative damage constituents thus incurs death. Hence, balance autophagy-related adaptation death important comprehend signalling-related pathogenesis. In this review, we attempt provide an overview basic mechanism context pathology.

Language: Английский

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Short Overview of ROS as Cell Function Regulators and Their Implications in Therapy Concepts

Cells, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 8(8), P. 793 - 793

Published: July 30, 2019

The importance of reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been gradually acknowledged over the last four decades. Initially perceived as unwanted products detrimental oxidative stress, they have upgraded since, and now ROS are also known to be essential for regulation physiological cellular functions through redox signaling. In majority cases, metabolic demands, along with other stimuli, vital formation their actions. this review, we focus on role in regulating cell functioning communication among themselves. relevance therapy concepts is addressed here.

Language: Английский

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The Role of Hydrogen Peroxide in Redox-Dependent Signaling: Homeostatic and Pathological Responses in Mammalian Cells

Cells, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 7(10), P. 156 - 156

Published: Oct. 4, 2018

Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an important metabolite involved in most of the redox metabolism reactions and processes cells. H2O2 recognized as one main molecules sensing, modulation signaling metabolism, it acting a second messenger together with hydrogen sulfide (H2S) nitric oxide (NO). These messengers activate turn cascade downstream proteins via specific oxidations leading to metabolic response cell. This can determine proliferation, survival or death cell depending on which pathways (homeostatic, pathological, protective) have been activated. The cells several sources cellular systems strictly control its concentration different subcellular compartments. review summarizes research role played by eukaryotic how this leads homeostatic pathological responses.

Language: Английский

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Nanoisozymes: Crystal‐Facet‐Dependent Enzyme‐Mimetic Activity of V₂O₅ Nanomaterials

Angewandte Chemie International Edition, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 57(17), P. 4510 - 4515

Published: Feb. 9, 2018

Nanomaterials with enzyme-like activity (nanozymes) attract significant interest owing to their applications in biomedical research. Particularly, redox nanozymes that exhibit glutathione peroxidase (GPx)-like play important roles cellular signaling by controlling the hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) level. Herein we report, for first time, properties and GPx-like of V2 O5 nanozyme depends not only on size morphology, but also crystal facets exposed surface within same system nanomaterials. These results suggest nanomaterials can be engineered fine-tune act as "nanoisozymes" specific biological applications.

Language: Английский

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ROS from Physical Plasmas: Redox Chemistry for Biomedical Therapy

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 2019, P. 1 - 29

Published: Oct. 8, 2019

Physical plasmas generate unique mixes of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS or ROS). Only a bit more than decade ago, these plasmas, operating at body temperature, started to be considered for medical therapy with considerably little mechanistic redox chemistry biomedical research existing on that topic time. Today, vast evidence is available physical plasma-derived ROS, from their spatiotemporal resolution in the plasma gas phase sophisticated chemical biochemical analysis once dissolved liquids. Data silico dissected potential reaction pathways biological membranes, vitro vivo experiments cell animal disease models identified molecular mechanisms therapeutic benefits plasmas. In 2013, first systems entered European market as class IIa devices have proven valuable resource dermatology, especially supporting healing chronic wounds. The results cancer patients treated are promising, too. Due many potentials this blooming new field ahead, there need highlight main concepts distilled biology serve link between physics (how which ROS produced) (what benefit). This inevitably puts cellular membranes focus, natural interphase produced by translation reactivity into distinct responses.

Language: Английский

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Strategies for engineering advanced nanomedicines for gas therapy of cancer

National Science Review, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 7(9), P. 1485 - 1512

Published: Feb. 26, 2020

As an emerging and promising treatment method, gas therapy has attracted more attention for of inflammation-related diseases, especially cancer. However, therapeutic/therapy-assisted gases (NO, CO, H2S, H2, O2, SO2 CO2) most their prodrugs lack the abilities active intratumoral accumulation controlled release, resulting in limited cancer efficacy potential side effects. Therefore, development nanomedicines to realize tumor-targeted release is greatly desired, also combination other therapeutic modes with by multifunctional nanocarrier platforms can augment reduce The design these functions vitally important, but challenging. In this review, we summarize a series engineering strategies construction advanced gas-releasing from four aspects: (1) stimuli-responsive release; (2) catalytic (3) delivery strategies; (4) multi-model based on therapy. Moreover, highlight current issues gaps knowledge, envisage trends future prospects This review aims inspire guide nanomedicines.

Language: Английский

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