Pesticides: Unintended Impact on the Hidden World of Gut Microbiota

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(3), P. 155 - 155

Published: March 7, 2024

A vast range of pesticides have been routinely employed for plant protection throughout the last few decades. Pesticides can enter non-target organisms in various ways, posing health hazards. Exposure to different environmental pollutants, including pesticides, affect human gut flora. Metabolites generated from microbiota play an essential role host's by regulating metabolic homeostasis. disruption this equilibrium lead emergence numerous illnesses and their etiology. shown a recent studies harm microbiome. As result, there is urgent need investigate impact on microbiota-mediated immunity. Metabolic alterations host may give better understanding pesticide-induced harm. This review highlights potential consequences pesticide exposure composition function, mainly focusing how it might alter production secondary metabolites with downstream implications health.

Language: Английский

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Mucosal-associated invariant T cells in cancer: dual roles, complex interactions and therapeutic potential

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 13, 2024

Mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells play diverse roles in cancer, infectious diseases, and immunotherapy. This review explores their intricate involvement from early detection to dual functions promoting inflammation mediating anti-tumor responses. Within the solid tumor microenvironment (TME), MAIT can acquire an ‘exhausted’ state secrete tumor-promoting cytokines. On other hand, are highly cytotoxic, there is evidence that they may have immune response. The frequency of subsets has also been shown prognostic value several cancer types. Recent innovative approaches, such as programming with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), provide a novel exciting approach utilizing these cell-based Because restricted cell receptor (TCR) recognize common antigen, this mitigates potential graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) opens possibility using allogeneic off-the-shelf therapies cancer. Additionally, we outline interactions microbiome critical role diseases how impact responses cells. Understanding complex lead therapeutic strategies harnessing targeting capabilities

Language: Английский

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Endocrine-Disrupting Chemicals, Gut Microbiota, and Human (In)Fertility—It Is Time to Consider the Triad

Cells, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(21), P. 3335 - 3335

Published: Oct. 22, 2022

The gut microbiota (GM) is a complex and dynamic population of microorganisms living in the human gastrointestinal tract that play an important role health diseases. Recent evidence suggests strong direct or indirect correlation between GM both male female fertility: on one hand, involved regulation sex hormone levels preservation blood–testis barrier integrity; other dysbiotic linked to onset pro-inflammatory conditions such as endometriosis PCOS, which are often associated with infertility. Exposure endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) main causes dysbiosis, consequences host potential transgenerational effects. This perspective article aims show negative effects EDCs reproduction part due GM. We will highlight (i) link fertility; (ii) mechanisms interaction GM; (iii) importance maternal–fetal axis for offspring growth development.

Language: Английский

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Ursolic Acid’s Alluring Journey: One Triterpenoid vs. Cancer Hallmarks

Molecules, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(23), P. 7897 - 7897

Published: Dec. 1, 2023

Cancer is a multifactorial disease characterized by various hallmarks, including uncontrolled cell growth, evasion of apoptosis, sustained angiogenesis, tissue invasion, and metastasis, among others. Traditional cancer therapies often target specific leading to limited efficacy the development resistance. Thus, there growing need for alternative strategies that can address multiple hallmarks concomitantly. Ursolic acid (UA), naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenoid, has recently emerged as promising candidate multitargeted therapy. This review aims summarize current knowledge on anticancer properties UA, focusing its ability modulate hallmarks. The literature reveals UA exhibits potent effects through diverse mechanisms, inhibition proliferation, induction suppression modulation tumor microenvironment. Additionally, demonstrated activity against different types (e.g., breast, lung, prostate, colon, liver) targeting discusses molecular targets signaling pathways involved in UA. Notably, been found key pathways, such PI3K/Akt, MAPK/ERK, NF-κB, Wnt/β-catenin, which play crucial roles progression. Moreover, destroy cells mechanisms autophagy, inhibiting dysregulating metabolism, etc.) contributes Despite effects, this acknowledges hurdles related UA's low bioavailability, emphasizing enhanced therapeutic strategies.

Language: Английский

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Limonoids from neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) are potential anticancer drug candidates

Medicinal Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 44(2), P. 457 - 496

Published: Aug. 17, 2023

Abstract Neem ( Azadirachta indica A. Juss.), a versatile evergreen tree recognized for its ethnopharmacological value, is rich source of limonoids the triterpenoid class, endowed with potent medicinal properties. Extracts neem have been documented to display anticancer effects in diverse malignant cell lines as well preclinical animal models that has largely attributed constituent limonoids. Of late, become cynosure research attention potential candidate agents cancer prevention and therapy. Among various found neem, azadirachtin, epoxyazadiradione, gedunin, nimbolide, extensively investigated activity. Azadirachtin, biodegradable pesticide, exhibits profound antiproliferative by preventing mitotic spindle formation division. The activity gedunin demonstrated be mediated primarily via inhibition heat shock protein90 client proteins. Epoxyazadiradione inhibits pro‐inflammatory kinase‐driven signaling pathways block tumorigenesis. Nimbolide, most cytotoxic limonoid, growth cells regulating phosphorylation keystone kinases drive oncogenic besides modulating epigenome. There overwhelming evidence indicate exert acquisition hallmark traits cancer, such proliferation, apoptosis evasion, inflammation, invasion, angiogenesis, drug resistance. are value additions armamentarium natural compounds target aberrant inhibit development progression.

Language: Английский

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Folate receptor overexpression induces toxicity in a diet-dependent manner in C. elegans

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(1)

Published: Jan. 11, 2024

Folate receptor (FR) alpha (FOLR1) and beta (FOLR2) are membrane-anchored folate transporters that expressed at low levels in normal tissues, while their expression is strongly increased several cancers. Intriguingly, although the function of these receptors in, for example, development cancer has been studied intensively, role aging still unknown. To address this, we utilized Caenorhabditis elegans, which FOLR-1 sole ortholog receptors. We found loss does not affect reproduction, physical condition, proteostasis or lifespan, indicating it required transport to maintain health. Interestingly, detectably only uterine-vulval cells, histone-binding protein LIN-53 inhibits its other tissues. Furthermore, whereas knockdown lin-53 known shorten partially rescues this phenotype, suggesting elevated folr-1 detrimental Indeed, our data demonstrate overexpression toxic, phenotype dependent on diet. Altogether, work could serve as a basis further studies elucidate organismal effects abnormal FR diseases such cancer.

Language: Английский

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Unlocking the secrets: exploring the influence of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and microbiome on cancer development

Cellular & Molecular Biology Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(1)

Published: March 6, 2024

Abstract Gut microbiota regulates various aspects of human physiology by producing metabolites, metabolizing enzymes, and toxins. Many studies have linked with health altered microbiome configurations the occurrence several diseases, including cancer. Accumulating evidence suggests that can influence initiation progression cancers. Moreover, some microbiotas gut oral cavity been reported to infect tumors, initiate metastasis, promote spread cancer distant organs, thereby influencing clinical outcome patients. The has recently interact environmental factors such as diet exposure toxicants. Exposure pollutants polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) induces a shift in metabolic pathways, favoring proinflammatory microenvironment. In addition, other also correlated incidence PAHs. PAHs are known induce organ carcinogenesis through activating ligand-activated transcriptional factor termed aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), which metabolizes highly reactive carcinogenic intermediates. However, crosstalk between AhR mediating is poorly reviewed. This review aims discuss role activation on microbiome-associated explore underlying molecular mechanisms involved development.

Language: Английский

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Polysaccharides from Porphyra haitanensis: A Review of Their Extraction, Modification, Structures, and Bioactivities

Molecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(13), P. 3105 - 3105

Published: June 29, 2024

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Impact of Air Pollution on the Composition and Diversity of Human Gut Microbiota in General and Vulnerable Populations: A Systematic Review

Toxics, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(10), P. 579 - 579

Published: Sept. 30, 2022

Recently, growing attention has focused on the impact of air pollution gut microbiota as a possible mechanism by which pollutant exposure increased risk for chronic diseases, evidenced in vivo studies demonstrating important exposure-induced alterations diversity and relative abundance bacterial taxa. This systematic review provides updated state-of-art findings examining human microbiota. Databases PubMed, Scopus, Web Science were searched with following strategy: “air poll*” AND “gut micro*” OR “intestinal micro*”; moreover, total 10 included. Overall, there is evidence that short-term long-term to pollutants have potential alter composition microbiota; some also correlated adverse health effects (impaired fasting glucose, pregnancy outcomes, asthma attacks) via and/or function However, this topic still scarce, large cohort are needed globally.

Language: Английский

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Microbial Resistance to Antibiotics and Biofilm Formation of Bacterial Isolates from Different Carp Species and Risk Assessment for Public Health

Antibiotics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 143 - 143

Published: Jan. 10, 2023

The aim of this research was to investigate the effects biofilm on antibiotic resistance bacterial isolates present in fish meat and assess risk residues for public health. Common carp, silver carp grass fishes were purchased from retail stores an vitro investigation a drug-resistant pattern determination. In all samples, up 104 CFU/g bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, Aeromonas hydrophila, Shewanella putrefaciens, Vibrio spp. Staphylococcus spp., observed. Isolates samples their biofilms subjected antibiogram assay using antibiotics amoxicillin, ampicillin, cefotaxime, ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, streptomycin, tetracycline trimethoprim. Obtained results showed that some sensitive resistant. Results LC-MS/MS analysis range between 4.9 199.4 µg/kg, with total sum 417.1 µg/kg. Estimated daily intake (EDI) established be 0.274 μg/kg body weight/day men 0.332 women, acceptable (ADI) 8.5 7.0 µg/kg respectively. study, therefore, highlight safe consumption fresh fish.

Language: Английский

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