Physical Activity and Diet Shape the Immune System during Aging

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(3), P. 622 - 622

Published: Feb. 28, 2020

With increasing age, the immune system undergoes a remodeling process, termed immunosenescence, which is accompanied by considerable shifts in leukocyte subpopulations and decline various cell functions. Clinically, immunosenescence characterized increased susceptibility to infections, more frequent reactivation of latent viruses, decreased vaccine efficacy, an prevalence autoimmunity cancer. Physiologically, has some adaptive strategies cope with aging, while settings, maladaptive responses aggravate speed aging morbidity. While lack physical activity, muscle mass, poor nutritional status facilitate inflammaging, lifestyle factors such as exercise dietary habits affect positively. This review will discuss relevance mechanisms immunoprotection through activity specific interventions. In second part, we focus on effect interventions supplementation essential amino acid tryptophan, n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, probiotics (with special kynurenine pathway).

Language: Английский

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Probiotics, prebiotics, and postbiotics in health and disease

MedComm, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(6)

Published: Nov. 4, 2023

The gut microbiota and its homeostasis play a crucial role in human health. However, for some diseases related to the microbiota, current traditional medicines can only relieve symptoms, it is difficult solve root causes or even cause side effects like disturbances microbiota. Increasing clinical studies evidences have demonstrated that probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics prevent treat various diseases, but currently they be used as dietary supplements rather than medicines, which restricts application of probiotics field medicine. Here, this review analyzes importance health problems systematically summarizes effectiveness mechanisms maintaining treating based on animal models trials. And research outcomes development trends field, challenges prospects their health, alleviating are analyzed. It hoped promote disease treatment open up new frontiers probiotic research.

Language: Английский

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Fueling Gut Microbes: A Review of the Interaction between Diet, Exercise, and the Gut Microbiota in Athletes

Advances in Nutrition, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 2190 - 2215

Published: May 28, 2021

The athlete's goal is to optimize their performance. Towards this end, nutrition has been used improve the health of athletes' brains, bones, muscles, and cardiovascular system. However, recent research suggests that gut its resident microbiota may also play a role in athlete Therefore, athletes should consider dietary strategies context potential effects on microbiota, including impact sports-centric (e.g., protein supplements, carbohydrate loading) as well gut-centric probiotics, prebiotics) This review provides an overview interaction between diet, exercise, focusing both athletic Current evidence could, theory, contribute intake performance by influencing microbial metabolite production, gastrointestinal physiology, immune modulation. Common such high simple intake, low fiber food avoidance adversely and, turn, Conversely, adequate fiber, variety sources, emphasis unsaturated fats, especially omega-3 (ɷ-3) fatty acids, addition consumption prebiotics, synbiotics, have shown promising results optimizing Ultimately, while emerging area research, more studies are needed incorporate, control, manipulate all 3 these elements (i.e., microbiome) provide recommendations for how "fuel microbes."

Language: Английский

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Association between physical activity and changes in intestinal microbiota composition: A systematic review

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 16(2), P. e0247039 - e0247039

Published: Feb. 25, 2021

Introduction The intestinal microbiota comprises bacteria, fungi, archaea, protists, helminths and viruses that symbiotically inhabit the digestive system. To date, research has provided limited data on possible association between an active lifestyle a healthy composition of human microbiota. This review was aimed to summarize results studies comparing microbiome individuals with different physical activity amounts. Methods We searched Medline/Ovid, NIH/PubMed, Academic Search Complete August–October 2020. Inclusion criteria comprised: (a) cross-sectional focused gut among subjects levels; (b) describing responses any type exercise stimulus; (c) containing adult women men. excluded diet modifications, probiotic or prebiotic consumption, as well diabetes, hypertension, cancer, hormonal dysfunction. Methodological quality risk bias for each study were assessed using Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies—of Interventions tool. from longitudinal are shown independently. Results A total 17 articles eligible inclusion: ten seven studies. Main outcomes vary significantly according amounts in identified discrete changes diversity indexes relative abundance certain bacteria people. Conclusion As literature this field is rapidly growing, it important incorporate diverse methods evaluate other aspects related lifestyles such sleep dietary patterns. Exploration groups viruses, archaea parasites may lead better understanding adaptation sports its potentially beneficial effects host metabolism endurance.

Language: Английский

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A review on probiotics and dietary bioactives: Insights on metabolic well-being, gut microbiota, and inflammatory responses

Food Chemistry Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 6, P. 100919 - 100919

Published: Feb. 11, 2025

Language: Английский

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International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: Long-Chain Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: Jan. 15, 2025

Language: Английский

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Gut Microbiota, Probiotics and Physical Performance in Athletes and Physically Active Individuals

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(10), P. 2936 - 2936

Published: Sept. 25, 2020

Among athletes, nutrition plays a key role, supporting training, performance, and post-exercise recovery. Research has primarily focused on the effects of diet in support an athletic physique; however, role played by intestinal microbiota been much neglected. Emerging evidence shown association between composition physical activity, suggesting that modifications gut may contribute to performance host. Probiotics represent potential means for beneficially influencing composition/function but can also impact overall health In this review, we provide overview existing studies have examined reciprocal interactions activity microbiota. We further evaluate clinical supports probiotics recovery, cognitive outcomes among athletes. addition, discuss mechanisms action through which affect exercise outcomes. summary, beneficial microbes, including probiotics, promote athletes enhance capacity. Furthermore, high-quality studies, with adequate power, remain necessary uncover roles are populations modes behind their benefits.

Language: Английский

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Probiotic Administration Increases Amino Acid Absorption from Plant Protein: a Placebo-Controlled, Randomized, Double-Blind, Multicenter, Crossover Study

Probiotics and Antimicrobial Proteins, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 12(4), P. 1330 - 1339

Published: May 1, 2020

The fate of dietary protein in the gut is determined by microbial and host digestion utilization. Fermentation proteins generates bioactive molecules that have wide-ranging health effects on host. type can affect amino acid absorption, with animal generally being more efficiently absorbed compared plant proteins. In contrast to proteins, most such as pea protein, are incomplete Pea low methionine contains lower amounts branched-chain acids (BCAAs), which play a crucial role muscle health. We hypothesized probiotic supplementation results favorable changes microbiota, aiding absorption from Fifteen physically active men (24.2 ± 5.0 years; 85.3 12.9 kg; 178.0 7.6 cm; 16.7 5.8% body fat) co-ingested 20 g either AminoAlta™, multi-strain (5 billion CFU L. paracasei LP-DG® (CNCM I-1572) plus 5 LPC-S01 (DSM 26760), SOFAR S.p.A., Italy) or placebo for 2 weeks randomized, double-blind, crossover design, separated 4-week washout period. Blood samples were taken at baseline 30-, 60-, 120-, 180-min post-ingestion analyzed content. Probiotic administration significantly increased methionine, histidine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, tyrosine, total BCAA, EAA maximum concentrations (Cmax) AUC without changing time reach concentrations. be an important nutritional strategy improve post-prandial blood overcome compositional shortcomings ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: ISRCTN38903788.

Language: Английский

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Understanding the Effects of Gut Microbiota Dysbiosis on Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and the Possible Probiotics Role: Recent Updates

International Journal of Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 818 - 833

Published: Jan. 1, 2021

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is leading chronic syndrome worldwide.Gut microbiota dysbiosis significantly contributes to the pathogenesis and severity of NAFLD.However, its role complex even unclear.Treatment NAFLD through chemotherapeutic agents have been questioned because their side effects on health.In this review, we highlighted discussed current understanding importance gut microbiota, gut-liver axis mucosa.Further, key mechanisms involved in provide an outline progression cirrhosis.In addition, also explored potential probiotics as a treatment approach for prevention NAFLD.Based latest findings, it evident that targeted interventions mostly use shown promising can possibly alleviate dysbiosis, regulate metabolic pathways which turn inhibit axis.However, very limited studies humans are available issue suggest further research work identify specific core microbiome association with discover mechanism pathogenesis, will help enhance therapeutic NAFLD.

Language: Английский

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Lactobacillus salivarius Subspecies salicinius SA-03 is a New Probiotic Capable of Enhancing Exercise Performance and Decreasing Fatigue

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 8(4), P. 545 - 545

Published: April 9, 2020

Probiotics are increasingly being used as a nutritional supplement by athletes to improve exercise performance and reduce post-exercise fatigue. Lactobacillus salivarius is natural flora in the gastrointestinal tract of humans animals. subspecies salicinius (SA-03) an isolate from 2008 Olympic women's 48 kg weightlifting gold medalist's gut microbiota. In this study, we investigated its beneficial effects on physical fitness. Male ICR mice were divided into four groups (n = 10 per group) orally administered with SA-03 for 4 weeks at 0, 2.05 × 109, 4.10 or 1.03 1010 CFU/kg/day. Results showed that supplementation significantly improved muscle strength endurance performance, increased hepatic muscular glycogen storage, decreased lactate, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), ammonia, creatine kinase (CK) levels after exercise. These observations suggest could be enhance reduce.

Language: Английский

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