Pulmonary Fibrosis as a Result of Acute Lung Inflammation: Molecular Mechanisms, Relevant In Vivo Models, Prognostic and Therapeutic Approaches

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 23(23), P. 14959 - 14959

Published: Nov. 29, 2022

Pulmonary fibrosis is a chronic progressive lung disease that steadily leads to architecture disruption and respiratory failure. The development of pulmonary mostly the result previous acute inflammation, caused by wide variety etiological factors, not resolved over time causing deposition fibrotic tissue in lungs. Despite long history study good coverage problem scientific literature, effective therapeutic approaches for treatment are currently lacking. Thus, molecular mechanisms underlying transition from inflammation fibrosis, search new markers promising targets prevent development, remain highly relevant tasks. This review focuses on etiology, pathogenesis, morphological characteristics outcomes as precursor fibrosis; pathomorphological changes lungs during development; known key players signaling pathways mediating well most common vivo models these processes. Moreover, prognostic injury severity approved potential suppressing discussed.

Language: Английский

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Design of Graphene Metasurface Sensor for Efficient Detection of COVID-19

Plasmonics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18(6), P. 2335 - 2345

Published: July 19, 2023

Language: Английский

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A review of the COVID-19 pandemic's effects and challenges on worldwide waste management for sustainable development

International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 21(12), P. 8231 - 8260

Published: April 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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Viral Pandemics of the Last Four Decades: Pathophysiology, Health Impacts and Perspectives

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 17(24), P. 9411 - 9411

Published: Dec. 15, 2020

The twenty-first century has witnessed some of the deadliest viral pandemics with far-reaching consequences. These include Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (1981), Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV) (2002), Influenza A virus subtype H1N1 (A/H1N1) (2009), Middle East (MERS-CoV) (2012) and Ebola (2013) Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) (2019-present). Age- gender-based characterizations suggest that SARS-CoV-2 resembles SARS-CoV MERS-CoV regard tohigher fatality rates in males, older population comorbidities. invasion-mechanism SARS-CoV, involves binding its spike protein angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors; utilizes dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4), whereas influenza is equipped hemagglutinin protein. infections-mediated immunomodulation, progressive inflammatory state may affect functions several other organs. Although no effective commercial vaccine available for any viruses, those against are being developed at an unprecedented speed. Until now, only Pfizer/BioNTech's received temporary authorization from UK Medicines Healthcare products Regulatory Agency. Given frequent emergence 21st century, proper understanding their characteristics modes action essential to address immediate long-term health

Language: Английский

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Postmortem Findings Associated With SARS-CoV-2

The American Journal of Surgical Pathology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 45(5), P. 587 - 603

Published: Jan. 20, 2021

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the novel Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome–associated 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has become a global threat to public health. COVID-19 is more pathogenic and infectious than prior 2002 pandemic SARS-CoV-1. The pathogenesis of certain disease manifestations in such as diffuse alveolar damage (DAD) are thought be similar However, exact related deaths remains poorly understood. aim this article was systematically summarize rapidly emerging literature regarding autopsies. A meta-analysis also conducted based on data accrued from preprint published articles (n=241 patients) results compared with postmortem findings associated SARS-CoV-1 (n=91 patients). Both autopsy groups included mostly adults median age 70 years 50 Overall, prevalence DAD common (100.0%) (80.9%) autopsies ( P =0.001). Extrapulmonary among both were not statistically significant except for hepatic necrosis <0.001), splenic <0.006) white pulp depletion <0.001) that Remarkable association apart include pulmonary hemorrhage, viral cytopathic effect within pneumocytes, thromboembolism, brain infarction, endotheliitis, acute renal tubular damage, spleen, cardiac myocyte necrosis, megakaryocyte recruitment, hemophagocytosis.

Language: Английский

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Digital Pathology Initiatives and Experience of a Large Academic Institution During the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Pandemic

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 145(9), P. 1051 - 1061

Published: May 4, 2021

Context.— Pathology practices have begun integrating digital pathology tools into their routine workflow. During 2020, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2), emerged as a pandemic, causing global health crisis that significantly affected world population in several areas, including medical practice, and was no exception. Objective.— To summarize our experience implementing for remote primary diagnosis, education, research during this pandemic. Design.— We surveyed pathologists (all subspecialized) trainees to gather information about use of before Quality assurance slide distribution data were also examined. Results.— widespread institution allowed smooth transition most clinical academic activities with major disruptions. The number using whole imaging (WSI) diagnosis increased from 20 (62.5%) 29 (90.6%) total 32 pathologists, excluding renal hematopathology, Furthermore, exclusively (6.3%) 5 (15.6%) In 35 (100%) survey responses attending 21 (60%) reported following Centers Medicare Medicaid Services waiver. Of these 18 (86%) responded if allowed, they will continue after Conclusions.— pandemic served catalyst adopting workflow daily practice realizing logistic technical advantages such tools.

Language: Английский

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Nanotechnology‐facilitated vaccine development during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic

Exploration, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2(5)

Published: July 21, 2022

Abstract Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) continually poses a significant threat to the human race, and prophylactic vaccination is most potent approach end this pandemic. Nanotechnology widely adopted during COVID‐19 vaccine development, engineering of nanostructured materials such as nanoparticles has opened new possibilities in innovative development by improving design accelerating process. This review aims comprehensively understand current situation prospects nanotechnology‐enabled against pandemic, with an emphasis on interplay between nanotechnology host immune system.

Language: Английский

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Infection of lung megakaryocytes and platelets by SARS-CoV-2 anticipate fatal COVID-19

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 79(7)

Published: June 16, 2022

SARS-CoV-2, although not being a circulatory virus, spread from the respiratory tract resulting in multiorgan failures and thrombotic complications, hallmarks of fatal COVID-19. A convergent contributor could be platelets that beyond hemostatic functions can carry infectious viruses. Here, we profiled 52 patients with severe COVID-19 demonstrated circulating 19 out 20 non-survivor contain SARS-CoV-2 robust correlation outcome. Platelets containing might originate bone marrow lung megakaryocytes (MKs), platelet precursors, which were found infected by autopsies. Accordingly, MKs undergoing shortened differentiation expressing anti-viral IFITM1 IFITM3 RNA as sign viral sensing enriched circulation deadly Infected reach concomitant specific MK-related cytokine storm rich VEGF, PDGF inflammatory molecules, anticipating Lung macrophages capture SARS-CoV-2-containing vivo. The virus contained is carrying propagates infection to vitro, process blocked an anti-GPIIbIIIa drug. Altogether, alter pathogenesis provide powerful fatality marker. Clinical targeting prevent spread, thrombus formation exacerbated inflammation at once increase survival

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 and atrial fibrillation: Intercepting lines

Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Jan. 23, 2023

Almost 20% of COVID-19 patients have a history atrial fibrillation (AF), but also new-onset AF represents frequent complication in COVID-19. Clinical evidence demonstrates that COVID-19, by promoting the evolution prothrombotic state, increases susceptibility to arrhythmic events during infective stages and presumably post-recovery. itself is most form arrhythmia associated with substantial morbidity mortality. One molecular factors involved COVID-19-related episodes angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) 2 availability. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) uses ACE2 enter infect multiple cells. Atrial internalization after binding SARS-CoV-2 results raise angiotensin (Ang) II, suppression cardioprotective Ang(1–7) formation, thereby cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis oxidative stress. Furthermore, several pharmacological agents used may higher risk inducing electrophysiological changes dysfunction. Azithromycin, lopinavir/ritonavir, ibrutinib, remdesivir, treatment predispose an increased arrhythmia. In this review, putative mechanisms cardiovascular safety profile drugs for are summarized.

Language: Английский

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iNGNN-DTI: prediction of drug–target interaction with interpretable nested graph neural network and pretrained molecule models

Bioinformatics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 40(3)

Published: March 1, 2024

Abstract Motivation Drug–target interaction (DTI) prediction aims to identify interactions between drugs and protein targets. Deep learning can automatically learn discriminative features from drug target representations for DTI prediction, but challenges remain, making it an open question. Existing approaches encode targets into using deep models, they often lack explanations underlying interactions. Moreover, limited labeled DTIs in the chemical space hinder model generalization. Results We propose interpretable nested graph neural network (iNGNN-DTI) pre-trained molecule models. The analysis is conducted on data representing by a specific type of network, which graphs are created based 3D structures Alphafold2. This architecture highly expressive capturing substructures data. use cross-attention module capture information To improve feature representations, we integrate learned models that large unlabeled small datasets, respectively. evaluate our three benchmark shows consistent improvement all baseline datasets. also run experiment with previously unseen or test set, outperforms baselines. Furthermore, iNGNN-DTI provide more insights visualizing weights module. Availability implementation source code algorithm available at https://github.com/syan1992/iNGNN-DTI.

Language: Английский

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