The peculiar characteristics and advancement in diagnostic methodologies of influenza A virus

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Influenza A virus (IAV) is a significant public health concern, causing seasonal outbreaks and occasional pandemics. These result from changes in the virus's surface proteins which include hemagglutinin neuraminidase. has vast reservoir, including wild birds, pigs, horses, domestic marine animals. It over 130 subtypes based on differences neuraminidase protein. IAV affects all age groups but impacts young children more especially during colder season. Despite development of vaccines antiviral drugs, still major cause respiratory illnesses deaths. Surveillance crucial to detect new strains assess vaccine effectiveness. Detection relies methods like hemagglutination assay, PCR, cell culturing, immunochromatography-based tests. Precise early detection strain for quick treatment using drugs unraveling epidemiological patterns curb epidemics pandemics time. Advancements diagnostic methodologies have enabled us at stages by overcoming limitations previously used tests, further preparing combat future effectively. This review article discusses traditional advanced diagnosis detecting IAV.

Language: Английский

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Harnessing bioactive nanocurcumin and curcumin nanocomposites to combat microbial pathogens: a comprehensive review

Critical Reviews in Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 23

Published: Feb. 20, 2025

The alarming rise in bacterial infections including those caused by multidrug-resistant pathogens has garnered the attention of scientific community, compelling them to explore as novel and effective alternatives combat these infections. Moreover, emerging viruses such Influenza A virus subtype H1N1 (A/H1N1), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV), Ebolavirus, recent coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), etc. also a significant impact all over world. Therefore, management without any side effects is one most important challenges for community. Hence, development antimicrobial agents need hour. In this context, Curcuma longa, commonly known turmeric, been used traditional medicine centuries manage treat Its bioactive constituent, curcumin due its multifunctional bioactivities. Apart from properties, it possesses potent antioxidant anti-inflammatory activities. However, available reports suggest that low solubility, stability, biocompatibility limit use. on other hand, reported limitations associated with use can be resolved transforming into nano-form, specifically nanoparticles. Recent advancements have brought nanoparticles spotlight, showcasing superior properties broad spectrum applications. review, we mainly focused potential nanocurcumin, mechanisms underpinning their actions. aspects toxicity safety guidelines nano-based products discussed.

Language: Английский

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Phytochemicals from Plant Foods as Potential Source of Antiviral Agents: An Overview

Pharmaceuticals, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 14(4), P. 381 - 381

Published: April 19, 2021

To date, the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide include viral infections, such as Ebola, influenza virus, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), severe acute respiratory (SARS) recently COVID-19 disease, caused by SARS-CoV-2 virus. Currently, we can count on a narrow range antiviral drugs, especially older generation ones like ribavirin interferon which are effective against viruses in vitro but often be ineffective patients. In addition to these, have agents for treatment herpes HIV hepatitis Recently, drugs used past ebolavirus, remdesivir favipiravir, been considered disease. However, even if these represent important tools diseases, they certainly not sufficient defend us from multitude present environment. This represents huge problem, considering unprecedented global threat due advancement COVID-19, potential risk health life millions people. The demand, therefore, new is very high. review focuses three fundamental points: (1) presents main threats human health, reviewing most widespread diseases world, thus describing scenario disease question each time evaluating specific therapeutic remedies currently available. (2) It comprehensively describes phytochemical classes, particular plant foods, with proven activities, potentially treated described phytochemicals. (3) Consideration various applications drug delivery systems order improve bioavailability compounds or extracts. A PRISMA flow diagram was inclusion works. Taking into consideration recent dramatic events pandemic, cry alarm that denounces critical need extremely strong. For reasons, continuous systematic exploration foods their phytochemicals necessary development capable saving lives improving well-being.

Language: Английский

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Antiviral strategies targeting host factors and mechanisms obliging +ssRNA viral pathogens

Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 46, P. 116356 - 116356

Published: Aug. 8, 2021

Language: Английский

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Viral Infections and Male Infertility: A Comprehensive Review of the Role of Oxidative Stress

Frontiers in Reproductive Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: Feb. 3, 2022

Viral infections have been a part of human existence to date, though viruses posed huge threat with various outbreaks lately. These threats are associated reproductive health challenges, especially male infertility. The prime focus this review is highlight the mechanisms viral infection-induced infertility/subfertility and identify new treatment strategies aim preserve fertility. reviewed data showed that stimulate inflammatory responses, resulting in release proinflammatory cytokines, which induces oxidative stress. This oxido-inflammatory cycle could continue vicious threaten Existing from experimental studies show response results testicular damage, atrophy seminiferous tubules Sertoli cells, reduced Leydig cell mass. accompanied by circulatory testosterone, impaired spermatogenesis, sperm motility, lipid peroxidation, DNA fragmentation apoptosis cells. Based on available pieces evidence, antioxidant therapy, vivo vitro , may be beneficial protects against potential risk infertility infection. It is, however recommended more clinical conducted demonstrate possible protective roles antioxidants used as adjuvant therapy infections, semen samples for those utilizing washing artificial techniques.

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of the Influence of Faradarmani Consciousness Field on Viral Growth

The Scientific Journal of Cosmointel, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 1(3), P. 43 - 50

Published: April 16, 2022

Taheri Consciousness Fields are non-material and non-energetic with the ability to have reproducible effects in laboratory experimental environments. Previous studies related studying of Faradarmani Field (CF) on plant characteristics animal disease models reveal that CF functions optimizing system under study. Significant bacterial cellular population growth led us investigate effect viral titer. For this, we stratified various viruses into enveloped or non-enveloped as well DNA RNA types. This study aims assess influence four types virus combinations using TCID50 assay. We tested pre-determined titers selected found changed by 0.4 1.85 logs compared control group. As results suggest, physical structure their genome type notable response CF.

Language: Английский

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Evolution of the polycrisis: Anthropocene traps that challenge global sustainability

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 379(1893)

Published: Nov. 13, 2023

The Anthropocene is characterized by accelerating change and global challenges of increasing complexity. Inspired what some have called a polycrisis, we explore whether the human trajectory complexity influence on Earth system could become form trap for humanity. Based an adaptation evolutionary traps concept to context, present results from participatory mapping. We identify 14 categorize them as either global, technology or structural traps. An assessment reveals that 12 (86%) be in advanced phase trapping with high risk hard-to-reverse lock-ins growing risks negative impacts well-being. Ten (71%) currently see trends their indicators. Revealing systemic nature assess often interact reinforcingly (45% pairwise interactions), rarely dampening fashion (3%). end discussing capacities will important navigating these pursuit sustainability. Doing so, introduce evolvability unifying such research between sustainability sciences. This article part theme issue 'Evolution sustainability: gathering strands synthesis'.

Language: Английский

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Highly Specialized Textiles with Antimicrobial Functionality—Advances and Challenges

Textiles, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 3(2), P. 219 - 245

Published: May 18, 2023

Textiles with antimicrobial functionality have been intensively and extensively investigated in the recent decades, mostly because they are present everyday life various applications: medicine healthcare, sportswear, clothing footwear, furniture upholstery, air water purification systems, food packaging etc. Their ability to kill or limit growth of microbial population a certain context defines their activity against bacteria, fungi, viruses, even initial formation biofilm prior microorganisms’ proliferation. Various classes antimicrobials employed for these highly specialized textiles, namely, organic synthetic reagents polymers, metals metal oxides (micro- nanoparticles), natural naturally derived compounds, range applications critically assessed. At same time, different modern processing techniques reviewed relation applications. This paper focuses on some advances challenges field textiles given practical importance as it appears from most reports literature.

Language: Английский

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To Be Frail or Not to Be Frail: This Is the Question—A Critical Narrative Review of Frailty

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 721 - 721

Published: Jan. 26, 2024

Many factors have contributed to rendering frailty an emerging, relevant, and very popular concept. First, many pandemics that affected humanity in history, including COVID-19, most recently, had more severe effects on frail people compared non-frail ones. Second, the increase human life expectancy observed developed countries, Italy has led a rise percentage of older population is likely be frail, which why much common concern among geriatricians other various health-care professionals. Third, stratification according occurrence degree allows healthcare decision makers adequately plan for allocation available professional economic resources. Since considered fully preventable, there are relevant consequences terms potential benefits both clinical outcome costs. Frailty becoming popular, pervasive, almost omnipresent concept different contexts, medicine, physical health, lifestyle behavior, mental health policy, socio-economic planning sciences. The emergence new “science frailty” been recently acknowledged. However, still debate exact definition frailty, pathogenic mechanisms involved, appropriate method assess consequently, who should frail. This narrative review aims analyze from aspects points view, with special focus proposed mechanisms, assessment emerging role biomarkers early recognition particularly mitochondria. According extensive literature this topic, it clear complex syndrome, involving domains affecting multiple physiological systems. Therefore, its management directed towards comprehensive multifaceted holistic approach personalized intervention strategy slow down progression or even completely reverse course condition.

Language: Английский

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Healthcare management in a post-pandemic world: Lessons learned and future preparedness: A review

International Journal of Science and Research Archive, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(1), P. 1843 - 1852

Published: Feb. 18, 2024

This review paper examines the profound impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on healthcare management, highlighting lessons learned and proposing strategies for future preparedness. It explores immediate challenges systems face, such as resource allocation staff shortages. discusses rapid adaptations innovations that emerged, including expansion telehealth digital health technologies. The also reviews policy management adjustments. applies theoretical frameworks like organizational change, crisis resilience to understand these changes. Key findings emphasize importance resilience, flexibility, innovation in management. Recommendations practice focus enhancing public infrastructure, investing health, fostering international cooperation. concludes with directions research, evaluation interventions address disparities, underscoring need a robust, adaptive, equitable system post-pandemic world.

Language: Английский

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