Emerging therapies for glioblastoma: current state and future directions

Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 41(1)

Published: April 15, 2022

Abstract Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common high-grade primary malignant brain tumor with an extremely poor prognosis. Given survival currently approved treatments for GBM, new therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Advances in decades of investment basic science glioblastoma rapidly translated into innovative clinical trials, utilizing improved genetic and epigenetic profiling as well microenvironment immune system interactions. Following these encouraging findings, immunotherapy including checkpoint blockade, chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR T) cell therapy, oncolytic virotherapy, vaccine therapy have offered hope improving GBM outcomes; ongoing studies using combinatorial therapies aim minimizing adverse side-effects augmenting antitumor responses. In addition, techniques to overcome blood-brain barrier (BBB) targeted delivery being tested trials patients recurrent GBM. Here, we set forth rationales promising treating review potential novel agents, current status preclinical discuss challenges future perspectives immuno-oncology.

Language: Английский

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The present and future of bispecific antibodies for cancer therapy

Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 23(4), P. 301 - 319

Published: March 6, 2024

Language: Английский

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Exploiting RIG-I-like receptor pathway for cancer immunotherapy

Journal of Hematology & Oncology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Feb. 8, 2023

RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs) are intracellular pattern recognition that detect viral or bacterial infection and induce host innate immune responses. The RLRs family comprises retinoic acid-inducible gene 1 (RIG-I), melanoma differentiation-associated 5 (MDA5) laboratory of genetics physiology 2 (LGP2) have distinctive features. These not only recognize RNA intermediates from viruses bacteria, but also interact with endogenous such as the mislocalized mitochondrial RNA, aberrantly reactivated repetitive transposable elements in human genome. Evasion RLRs-mediated response may lead to sustained infection, defective immunity carcinogenesis. Therapeutic targeting provoke anti-infection effects, anticancer sensitize "immune-cold" tumors checkpoint blockade. In this review, we summarize current knowledge signaling discuss rationale for therapeutic cancer. We describe how can be activated by synthetic oncolytic viruses, mimicry radio-chemotherapy, agonists systemically delivered vivo. integration agonism interference CAR-T cells provides new dimensions complement cancer immunotherapy. Moreover, update progress recent clinical trials therapy involving activation modulation. Further studies mechanisms underlying will shed light on development therapeutics. Manipulation represents an opportunity clinically relevant therapy. Addressing challenges field help develop future generations

Language: Английский

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Advanced drug delivery platforms target cancer stem cells

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101036 - 101036

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

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Improving cancer immunotherapy by rationally combining oncolytic virus with modulators targeting key signaling pathways

Molecular Cancer, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: Oct. 11, 2022

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) represent a new class of multi-modal immunotherapies for cancer, with OV-elicited antitumor immunity being key to their overall therapeutic efficacy. Currently, the clinical effectiveness OV as monotherapy remains limited, and thus investigators have been exploring various combinations other anti-cancer agents demonstrated improved As cancer cells evolved alter signaling pathways enhanced cell proliferation, progression metastasis, these cellular molecular changes offer promising targets rational therapy design. In this regard, molecules in relevant or/and immune cells, such EGFR-KRAS (e.g., KRASG12C), PI3K-AKT-mTOR, ERK-MEK, JAK-STAT, p53, PD-1-PD-L1, epigenetic, or histone deacetylases, cGAS-STING) are currently under investigation potential synergize modulate milieu tumor microenvironment (TME), thereby improving sustaining immunity. many small molecule modulators developed shown strong potential, here we review findings related both OV-mediated immunotherapy utility immuno-oncology. Then, focus on discussion rationales strategies combining selected targeting TME enhance Finally, provide perspectives viewpoints application novel experimental systems technologies that can propel exciting branch medicine into bright future.

Language: Английский

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Recent Advances and Next Breakthrough in Immunotherapy for Cancer Treatment

Journal of Immunology Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2022, P. 1 - 9

Published: March 18, 2022

With the huge therapeutic potential, cancer immunotherapy is expected to become mainstream of treatment. In current field immunotherapy, there are mainly five types. Immune checkpoint blockade therapy one most promising directions. Adoptive cell an important component immunotherapy. The with vaccine capable prevention. Cytokine pillars Oncolytic a novel which significantly lower incidence serious adverse reactions. recent positive results many clinical trials may herald good prospects. But still challenges in broad implementation Such as cannot act on all tumors, and it has effects including but not limited nonspecific autoimmunity inflammation. Here, we center progress made within last 5 years And discuss theoretical background, well opportunities

Language: Английский

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Oncolytic viruses: challenges and considerations in an evolving clinical landscape

Future Oncology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 18(24), P. 2713 - 2732

Published: July 12, 2022

Despite advances in treatment, cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide. Although treatment strategies are continually progressing, cancers have evolved many mechanisms for evading therapies and the host immune system. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) could provide much-needed option that resistant to existing treatments. OVs can be engineered specifically target kill cells, while simultaneously triggering an response at site infection. This review will focus on challenges developing successful OV translation clinical practice, discussing innovative being used optimize potential OVs. Here, we also explore current landscape prospects early development.

Language: Английский

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Oncolytic viruses-modulated immunogenic cell death, apoptosis and autophagy linking to virotherapy and cancer immune response

Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: March 15, 2023

Recent reports have revealed that oncolytic viruses (OVs) play a significant role in cancer therapy. The infection of OVs such as vaccinia virus (OVV), vesicular stomatitis (VSV), parvovirus, mammalian reovirus (MRV), human adenovirus, Newcastle disease (NDV), herpes simplex (HSV), avian (ARV), Orf (ORFV), inactivated Sendai (ISV), enterovirus, and coxsackievirus offer unique opportunities immunotherapy through diverse dynamic pathways. This mini-review focuses on the mechanisms OVs-mediated virotherapy their effects immunogenic cell death (ICD), apoptosis, autophagy regulation immune system.

Language: Английский

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Oncolytic Virus Engineering and Utilizations: Cancer Immunotherapy Perspective

Viruses, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(8), P. 1645 - 1645

Published: July 28, 2023

Oncolytic viruses have positively impacted cancer immunotherapy over the past 20 years. Both natural and genetically modified shown promising results in treating various cancers. Various regulatory authorities worldwide approved four commercial oncolytic viruses, more are being developed to overcome this limitation obtain better anti-tumor responses clinical trials at stages. Faster advancements translating research into commercialization of a comprehensive understanding modification strategies will widen current knowledge future technologies related development viruses. In review, we discuss virus engineering progress achieve virotherapeutics.

Language: Английский

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Preexisting immunity: Barrier or bridge to effective oncolytic virus therapy?

Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 70, P. 1 - 12

Published: Jan. 31, 2023

Oncolytic viruses (OVs) represent a highly promising treatment strategy for wide range of cancers, by mediating both the direct killing tumor cells as well mobilization antitumor immune responses. As many OVs circulate in human population, preexisting OV-specific responses are prevalent. Indeed, neutralizing antibodies (NAbs) abundantly present population commonly used OVs, such Adenovirus type 5 (Ad5), Herpes Simplex Virus-1 (HSV-1), Vaccinia virus, Measles and Reovirus. This review discusses (pre)clinical evidence regarding effect immunity against on two distinct aspects OV therapy; infection spread, response induced upon therapy. Combined, this provides that consideration is crucial realizing full potential therapeutic implementation OVs. Future investigation current gaps knowledge highlighted should yield more complete understanding topic, ultimately allowing better personalized therapies.

Language: Английский

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