Nanomedicine in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer DOI Creative Commons

Kexin Guo,

Sicheng Li, Xinyu Wu

et al.

Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. 449 - 449

Published: March 31, 2025

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive malignancy with increasing incidence and mortality rates, highlighting the urgent need for early diagnosis treatment. However, of PDAC extremely challenging due to atypical symptoms or absence noticeable symptoms. As a result, many patients are diagnosed local metastasis, even who eligible surgical resection have high postoperative recurrence rate. Consequently, chemotherapy remains primary treatment PDAC. unique biological characteristics not only promote tumor progression metastasis but also often lead chemoresistance, significant barrier successful Recently, nanomaterials garnered attention as promising materials diagnosing treating PDAC, showing great potential in cancer therapy, imaging, drug delivery. Novel targeted nanomedicines, which encapsulate drugs gene therapy products, offer advantages overcoming resistance. These nanomedicines provide innovative solutions limitations conventional improve selectivity cells enhance therapeutic outcomes. Current research focused on development advanced such liposomes, nanotubes, polymer-lipid hybrid systems, aimed at making more effective longer lasting. This review provides detailed overview various utilized outlines future directions their key breakthroughs.

Language: Английский

Consensus, debate, and prospective on pancreatic cancer treatments DOI Creative Commons
Junke Wang, Jie Yang, Amol Narang

et al.

Journal of Hematology & Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: Oct. 10, 2024

Pancreatic cancer remains one of the most aggressive solid tumors. As a systemic disease, despite improvement multi-modality treatment strategies, prognosis pancreatic was not improved dramatically. For resectable or borderline patients, surgical strategy centered on improving R0 resection rate is consensus; however, role neoadjuvant therapy in patients and optimal chemotherapy with without radiotherapy were debated. Postoperative adjuvant gemcitabine/capecitabine mFOLFIRINOX recommended regardless margin status. Chemotherapy as first-line for advanced metastatic included FOLFIRINOX, gemcitabine/nab-paclitaxel, NALIRIFOX regimens whereas 5-FU plus liposomal irinotecan only standard care second-line therapy. Immunotherapy an innovative although anti-PD-1 antibody currently agent approved by MSI-H, dMMR, TMB-high tumors, which represent very small subset cancers. Combination strategies to increase immunogenicity overcome immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment may sensitize immunotherapy. Targeted therapies represented PARP KRAS inhibitors are also under investigation, showing benefits progression-free survival objective response rate. This review discusses current modalities highlights cancer.

Language: Английский

Citations

21
Tumor battlefield within inflamed, excluded or desert immune phenotypes: the mechanisms and strategies DOI Creative Commons
Siwei Zheng,

Wenwen Wang,

Lesang Shen

et al.

Experimental Hematology and Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Aug. 6, 2024

Abstract The tumor microenvironment demonstrates great immunophenotypic heterogeneity, which has been leveraged in traditional immune-hot/cold categorization based on the abundance of intra-tumoral immune cells. By incorporating spatial contexture, immunophenotype was further elaborated into immune-inflamed, immune-excluded, and immune-desert. However, mechanisms underlying these different phenotypes are yet to be comprehensively elucidated. In this review, we discuss how cells interact collectively shape landscape from perspectives cells, extracellular matrix, cancer metabolism, summarize potential therapeutic options according distinct immunophenotypes for personalized precision medicine.

Language: Английский

Citations

17
The global, regional burden of pancreatic cancer and its attributable risk factors from 1990 to 2021 DOI Creative Commons
Weidong Yu,

Danyi Zhou,

Fanhao Meng

et al.

BMC Cancer, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

Pancreatic cancer is the 12th most common type of cancer, and sixth leading cause cancer-related mortality, worldwide. Up-to-date statistics on pancreatic would provide us with a better understanding epidemiology identify causative risk factors for prevention this disease. The degree change patterns exposure as well attributable burden, including incidence, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), prevalence in global regional, by sex, age, year, data extracted from Global Burden Diseases Study (GBD) 2021. All analyses were conducted using linear regression analysis Joinpoint software (version 5.0.1). In 2021, 508,533 new cases have been reported; mortality rate increased to 5.95, 5.12 respectively; DALYs 130.33 year. Besides, cancer-associated rates DALYs, higher males than females. addition, these indicators high SDI (Sociodemographic index) region mean. To date, fasting plasma glucose remained major factor that influenced followed tobacco body mass index (BMI). Results study suggest burden increasing generally, therefore, more attention measures should be taken cope situation.

Language: Английский

Citations

2
It’s about TIME – Gal-9 as a potential immunotherapeutic target in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma DOI Creative Commons

Christin Knickmeier,

Gaetan Aime Noubissi Nzeteu, Bernhard F. Gibbs

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains one of the most lethal malignancies, characterized by an extremely poor prognosis and limited therapeutic options. Central to progression immune evasion PDAC is tumor (immune) microenvironment (TIME), where checkpoint proteins such as galectin-9 (Gal-9) play pivotal roles. Gal-9 significantly contributes immunosuppressive milieu interacting with various cells, T macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs). These interactions suppress anti-tumor immunity, thus facilitating growth metastasis. This review comprehensively examines multifaceted role in TIME PDAC, detailing its mechanisms action, including induction regulatory polarization tumor-associated modulation apoptotic pathways via Tim-3 caspase activation. The potential targeting Gal-9, either alone or combination other inhibitors anti-PD-L1, also discussed, highlighting preclinical findings that suggest promising avenues for enhancing responses. By elucidating complex biological activities within TIME, this underscores importance innovative strategies aimed at mitigating effects PDAC.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Advancing Immunotherapy in Pancreatic Cancer: A Brief Review of Emerging Adoptive Cell Therapies DOI Open Access

Deepak Sherpally,

Ashish Manne

Cancers, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(4), P. 589 - 589

Published: Feb. 9, 2025

Pancreatic cancer has the lowest 5-year survival rate (13%) among major cancers and is third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in United States. The high lethality this attributed to its insidious onset, late-stage diagnosis, rapid progression, limited treatment options. Addressing these challenges requires a deeper understanding complex tumor microenvironment identify novel therapeutic targets. Newer approaches like adoptive cell therapy have shown remarkable success treating hematological malignancies, but their application solid tumors, particularly pancreatic cancer, still early stages development. ACT broadly involves isolating immune cells (T lymphocytes, Natural Killer cells, macrophages) from patient, followed by genetic engineering enhance mount specific anti-tumor response. Various modalities are under investigation for including chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T), NK (CAR-NK), tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL), T-cell (TCR)-engineered cytokine-induced killer (CIK). Major hurdles been identifying actionable antigens delivering focused cellular therapies overcome immunosuppressive dense fibrotic stroma surrounding cancer. Further studies needed explore limitations faced combination order improve clinical outcomes.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Cascading catalytic nanozyme enhance ferroptosis-mediated chemoimmunotherapy via the cGAS-STING and IL-6/STAT3 pathways DOI
Yuxuan Zhao, Guomin Zhang,

Feiran Yu

et al.

Chemical Engineering Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 161354 - 161354

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
A case of camrelizumab-induced anaphylaxis and successful rechallenge: a case report and literature review DOI Creative Commons
Ping Song,

Yuqi Jin,

Lifang Dai

et al.

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: March 21, 2025

Immune checkpoint inhibitors have been extensively utilized in the treatment of various malignancies, with camrelizumab being one agents this therapeutic class. In study, we report for first time a case an allergic reaction to patient nasopharyngeal carcinoma, who was successfully rechallenged after antiallergic treatment. The patient, 62-year-old male, diagnosed advanced exhibiting cancer infiltration and multiple metastases. He underwent cycles therapy, tolerating camrelizumab, nab-paclitaxel, nedaplatin (200 mg every 3 weeks) without adverse reactions four cycles. However, during fifth cycle, intravenous infusion he experienced gradual onset dizziness chest tightness within 15 minutes (peripheral arterial oxygen saturation approximately 94%, blood pressure 76/42 mmHg, heart rate 83 beats per minute, respiratory breaths minute). immediately halted, treated dexamethasone (10 mg) combined intramuscular diphenhydramine, calcium gluconate, 500 ml normal saline; his gradually increased 110/80 mmHg 10 minutes, pruritic erythematous macules appeared on skin, particularly upper limbs. Subsequently, nab-paclitaxel infused, upon completion, limbs faded. then slow which well-tolerated discomfort or drop pressure. did not significant discomfort. Although acute are relatively rare among immune-related events, due widespread clinical application its potential should be given high priority.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Comprehensive insights into pancreatic cancer treatment approaches and cutting-edge nanocarrier solutions: from pathology to nanomedicine DOI
Rohit Sharma, Sourabh Kumar,

Kumari Komal

et al.

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 9, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Personalized Medicine in Pancreatic Cancer: The Promise of Biomarkers and Molecular Targeting with Dr. Michael J. Pishvaian DOI Open Access
Viviana Cortiana, Rabab Hunaid Abbas, Harshal Chorya

et al.

Cancers, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(13), P. 2329 - 2329

Published: June 26, 2024

Pancreatic cancer, with its alarming rising incidence, is predicted to become the second deadliest type of solid tumor by 2040, highlighting urgent need for improved diagnostic and treatment strategies. Despite medical advancements, five-year survival rate pancreatic cancer remains about 14%, dropping further when metastasized. This review explores promise biomarkers early detection, personalized treatment, disease monitoring. Molecular classification into subtypes based on genetic mutations, gene expression, protein markers guides decisions, potentially improving outcomes. A plethora clinical trials investigating different strategies are currently ongoing. Targeted therapies, among which those against CLAUDIN 18.2 inhibitors Claudin 18.1, have shown promise. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has emerged as a powerful tool comprehensive genomic analysis tumors, revealing unique alterations that drive progression. allows oncologists tailor therapies target specific molecular abnormalities. However, challenges remain, including limited awareness uptake biomarker-guided therapies. Continued research mechanisms essential developing more effective treatments patient rates.

Language: Английский

Citations

7
Frontiers in pancreatic cancer on biomarkers, microenvironment, and immunotherapy DOI Creative Commons

Baofa Yu,

Shengwen Shao, Wenxue Ma

et al.

Cancer Letters, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 217350 - 217350

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Pancreatic cancer remains one of the most challenging malignancies to treat due its late-stage diagnosis, aggressive progression, and high resistance existing therapies. This review examines latest advancements in early detection, therapeutic strategies, with a focus on emerging biomarkers, tumor microenvironment (TME) modulation, integration artificial intelligence (AI) data analysis. We highlight promising including microRNAs (miRNAs) circulating DNA (ctDNA), that offer enhanced sensitivity specificity for early-stage diagnosis when combined multi-omics panels. A detailed analysis TME reveals how components such as cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), immune cells, extracellular matrix (ECM) contribute therapy by creating immunosuppressive barriers. also discuss interventions target these components, aiming improve drug delivery overcome evasion. Furthermore, AI-driven analyses are explored their potential interpret complex data, enabling personalized treatment strategies real-time monitoring response. conclude identifying key areas future research, clinical validation regulatory frameworks AI applications, equitable access innovative comprehensive approach underscores need integrated, outcomes pancreatic cancer.

Language: Английский

Citations

7