Early-Stage Lung Cancer Diagnosis by Deep Learning-Based Spectroscopic Analysis of Circulating Exosomes

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 5435 - 5444

Published: April 14, 2020

Lung cancer has a high mortality rate, but an early diagnosis can contribute to favorable prognosis. A liquid biopsy that captures and detects tumor-related biomarkers in body fluids great potential for early-stage diagnosis. Exosomes, nanosized extracellular vesicles found blood, have been proposed as promising biopsy. Here, we demonstrate accurate of lung cancer, using deep learning-based surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) the exosomes. Our approach was explore features cell exosomes through learning figure out similarity human plasma exosomes, without insufficient data. The model trained with SERS signals derived from normal lines could classify them accuracy 95%. In 43 patients, including stage I II predicted 90.7% patients had higher than average healthy controls. Such proportional progression cancer. Notably, area under curve (AUC) 0.912 whole cohort AUC 0.910. These results suggest combination exosome analysis method

Language: Английский

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The functions and clinical application potential of exosomes derived from adipose mesenchymal stem cells: a comprehensive review

Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10(1)

Published: Aug. 7, 2019

Exosomes are extracellular membranous nanovesicles that mediate local and systemic intercellular communication by transporting proteins or nucleic acids (DNA RNA) into target cells, thus altering the behaviors of recipient cells. Recent studies have revealed these vesicles play a critical role in many biological functions, such as cell proliferation, immune regulation, nerve regeneration, cancer. Adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) now considered multipotent abundant tool field therapy regenerative medicine. ADSCs can produce secrete exosomes, which inherit multiple functions Therefore, this review, we will introduce characteristics exosomes derived from (ADSC-Exos), describe their different processes, summarize latest research achievements, limitations cell-free therapy, provide further insights clinical application potential for treatment certain diseases.

Language: Английский

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Liquid biopsy and tumor heterogeneity in metastatic solid tumors: the potentiality of blood samples

Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 39(1)

Published: May 27, 2020

Abstract In a large number of cancer types, treatment selection depends on the presence specific tumor biomarkers. Due to dynamic nature cancer, very often these predictive biomarkers are not uniformly present in all cells. Tumor heterogeneity represents indeed one main causes therapeutic failure, and its decoding remains major ongoing challenge field. Liquid biopsy is sampling analysis non-solid biological tissue through rapid non-invasive methods, which allows assessment real-time evolving landscape cancer. Samples can be obtained from blood most other bodily fluids. A blood-based liquid capture circulating cells leukocytes, as well tumor-derived nucleic acids. this review, we discuss current possibly future applications oncology, advantages limitations clinical practice. We specifically focused role tool metastatic patients.

Language: Английский

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Exosomal miR-4443 promotes cisplatin resistance in non-small cell lung carcinoma by regulating FSP1 m6A modification-mediated ferroptosis

Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 276, P. 119399 - 119399

Published: March 27, 2021

Language: Английский

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Emerging roles of exosomal miRNAs in diabetes mellitus

Clinical and Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(6)

Published: June 1, 2021

Language: Английский

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Mechanism of epithelial‐mesenchymal transition in cancer and its regulation by natural compounds

Medicinal Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 43(4), P. 1141 - 1200

Published: March 17, 2023

Abstract Epithelial‐mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a complex process with primordial role in cellular transformation whereby an epithelial cell transforms and acquires mesenchymal phenotype. This plays pivotal tumor progression self‐renewal, exacerbates resistance to apoptosis chemotherapy. EMT can be initiated promoted by deregulated oncogenic signaling pathways, hypoxia, cells the microenvironment, resulting loss‐of‐epithelial polarity, cell–cell adhesion, enhanced invasive/migratory properties. Numerous transcriptional regulators, such as Snail, Slug, Twist, ZEB1/ZEB2 induce through downregulation of markers gain‐of‐expression markers. Additionally, cascades Wnt/β‐catenin, Notch, Sonic hedgehog, nuclear factor kappa B, receptor tyrosine kinases, PI3K/AKT/mTOR, Hippo, transforming growth factor‐β pathways regulate whereas they are often cancers leading aberrant EMT. Furthermore, noncoding RNAs, tumor‐derived exosomes, epigenetic alterations also involved modulation Therefore, regulation vital strategy control aggressive metastatic characteristics cells. Despite vast amount preclinical data on cancer progression, there lack clinical translation at therapeutic level. In this review, we have discussed thoroughly aforementioned transcription factors, RNAs (microRNAs, long RNA, circular RNA), modifications, exosomes cancers. We emphasized contribution drug possible interventions using plant‐derived natural products, their semi‐synthetic derivatives, nano‐formulations that described promising blockers.

Language: Английский

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Small extracellular vesicles in cancer

Bioactive Materials, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 6(11), P. 3705 - 3743

Published: April 7, 2021

Extracellular vesicles (EV) are lipid-bilayer enclosed in submicron size that released from cells. A variety of molecules, including proteins, DNA fragments, RNAs, lipids, and metabolites can be selectively encapsulated into EVs delivered to nearby distant recipient In tumors, through such intercellular communication, regulate initiation, growth, metastasis invasion tumors. Recent studies have found exhibit specific expression patterns which mimic the parental cell, providing a fingerprint for early cancer diagnosis prognosis as well monitoring responses treatment. Accordingly, various EV isolation detection technologies been developed research diagnostic purposes. Moreover, natural engineered also used drug delivery nanocarriers, vaccines, cell surface modulators, therapeutic agents targets. Overall, under intense investigation they hold promise pathophysiological translational discoveries. This comprehensive review examines latest trends over last five years, encompassing their roles pathophysiology, diagnostics therapeutics. aims examine full spectrum tumor-EV provide foundation enhance field. The topics discussed scrutinized this encompass techniques how these issues need overcome EV-based diagnostics, biology, biomarkers monitoring, targets, systems. We will challenges involved promote framework catalyzing scientific discovery innovation tumor-EV-focused research.

Language: Английский

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Exosomes in Cancer: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications

Clinical Medicine Insights Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Small extracellular vesicles called exosomes are produced by cells and contain a range of biomolecules, including proteins, lipids, nucleic acids. Exosomes have been implicated in the development spread cancer, recent studies shown that their contents may be exploited as biomarkers for early detection ongoing surveillance disease. In this review article, we summarize current knowledge on cancer. We discuss various methods used exosome isolation characterization, well different types biomolecules found within relevant cancer diagnosis prognosis. also highlight demonstrated utility exosomal such lung breast pancreatic Overall, show great promise noninvasive monitoring. ability to transform diagnostic therapeutic paradigms, providing more efficient individualized. This seeks serve an inspiration new ideas research never-ending fight against Moreover, further needed validate clinical establish standardized protocols analysis. With continued development, potential revolutionize treatment.

Language: Английский

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Extracellular acidity and increased exosome release as key phenotypes of malignant tumors

Cancer and Metastasis Reviews, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 38(1-2), P. 93 - 101

Published: Feb. 4, 2019

Language: Английский

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Extracellular vesicles: novel communicators in lung diseases

Respiratory Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: July 8, 2020

The lung is the organ with highest vascular density in human body. It therefore perceivable that endothelium of contributes significantly to circulation extracellular vesicles (EVs), which include exosomes, microvesicles, and apoptotic bodies. In addition endothelium, EVs may arise from alveolar macrophages, fibroblasts epithelial cells. Because harbor cargo molecules, such as miRNA, mRNA, proteins, these intercellular communicators provide important insight into health disease condition donor cells serve useful biomarkers processes. This comprehensive review focuses on what currently known about role markers mediators pathologies including COPD, pulmonary hypertension, asthma, cancer ALI/ARDS. We also explore can potentially therapeutics for diseases when released healthy progenitor cells, mesenchymal stem

Language: Английский

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