The impact of delayed access to COVID-19 vaccines in low- and lower-middle-income countries

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Jan. 12, 2023

A majority of low-income (LIC) and lower-middle-income countries (LMIC) were unable to achieve at least 10% population coverage during initial vaccine rollouts, despite the rapid development coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines. Nearly three years into this pandemic, evaluating impact inequities in access, uptake, availability is long overdue. We hypothesized that a delay receiving COVID-19 vaccines was associated with an increased toll on cumulative cases mortality. Furthermore, relationship modified by size country's economy.We performed ecological study assessing these relationships, which economic standing assessed world bank income classification, gross domestic product based purchasing power parity (GDP PPP) per capita category, crude GDP PPP.Countries smallest economies reported first vaccination much later than larger all rankings, as 100 days longer. Among countries, one-day increase until 1.92% (95% CI: 0.100, 3.87) when compared high-income (p = 0.0395) adjusting for size, median age, testing data availability. Similarly, among lowest PPP 2.73% 5.44) highest 0.0415). When modeling mortality, effects same direction magnitude observed, albeit statistically non-significant.Economic delayed access LMICs tended fare worse outcomes eventual rollout These findings highlight importance prioritizing equitable timely across irrespective size. Future studies should examine impacts had local transmission dynamics.

Language: Английский

---

Speaking COVID-19: supporting COVID-19 communication and engagement efforts with people from culturally and linguistically diverse communities

BMC Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: June 27, 2022

Abstract Background Since the emergence of COVID-19, issues have been raised regarding approach used to engage with Culturally and Linguistically Diverse (CaLD) communities during this public health crisis. This study aimed understand factors impacting communication engagement efforts COVID-19 pandemic from perspective crucial CaLD community stakeholders opinion leaders. Methods Forty-six semi-structured telephone interviews were undertaken key who an active role (established before pandemic) in delivering services other social support Australia. Results Seven themes emerged: (1) digital divide how connect people; (2) information voids being filled by international material; (3) Differentiating established new emerging communities’ needs; (4) speaking COVID-19; (5) ineffectiveness direct translations English language resources; (6) coordination is needed avoid duplication address gaps (7) recognising improvements governments’ approach. Conclusion Alliances must be set up that can activated future reduce around resource development, translation, dissemination messages minimise response. Financial assistance provided a timely way organisations development culturally appropriate materials.

Language: Английский

---

Persisting Vaccine Hesitancy in Africa: The Whys, Global Public Health Consequences and Ways-Out—COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance Rates as Case-in-Point

Vaccines, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(11), P. 1934 - 1934

Published: Nov. 15, 2022

Vaccine hesitancy (VH) is the seventh among WHO’s top 10 threats to global public health, which has continued perpetuate transmission of vaccine preventable diseases (VPDs) in Africa. Consequently, this paper systematically reviewed COVID-19 acceptance rates (VARs)—including uptake and vaccination intention—in Africa from 2020 2022, compared within five African regions determined context-specific causes VH Generally, VARs ranged 21.0% 97.9% 8.2% 92.0% with mean 59.8 ± 3.8% 58.0 2.4% 2021 respectively. Southern eastern had two 83.5 6.3% 68.9 6.6% 2021, 64.2 4.6% 61.2 5.1% Based on population types, healthcare workers a marginal increase their 55.5 5.6% 60.8 5.3% 2022. In other populations, decreased 62.7 5.2% 54.5 4% As 25 October lags behind world only 24% full vaccinations 84%, 79% 63% reported, respectively, Australian continent, upper-middle-income countries globally. Apart problems confidence, complacency, convenience, communications context, factors driving are inequality, lack production/maintenance facilities, insecurity, high illiteracy level, endemic corruption, mistrust some political leaders, spreading unconfirmed anti-vaccination rumors instability. With an overall rate 58%, still subsists The low have detrimental health implications, as it could facilitate emergence immune invading SARS-CoV-2 variants concern, may spread there need confront these challenges frontally engage traditional religious leaders fight against Africa, restore trust safety efficacy vaccines generally. availability improves, pets zoo-animals reverse zoonotic been reported recommended, limit evolution new concern avert possible epizootic or panzootic susceptible animal species.

Language: Английский

---

Digital health literacy for COVID-19 vaccination and intention to be immunized: A cross sectional multi-country study among the general adult population

Frontiers in Public Health, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Sept. 16, 2022

It is clear that medical science has advanced much in the past few decades with development of vaccines and this even true for novel coronavirus outbreak. By late 2020, COVID-19 were starting to be approved by national global regulators, across 2021, there was a rollout several vaccines. Despite rolling out vaccination programs successfully, been cause concern regarding uptake vaccine due hesitancy. In tackling hesitancy improving overall rates, digital health literacy (DHL) could play major role. Therefore, aim study assess its relevance vaccination.

Language: Английский

---

COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in sub-Saharan African countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(2), P. e13037 - e13037

Published: Jan. 18, 2023

Vaccination is the most effective intervention for primary prevention of COVID-19. Several studies have been conducted in sub-Saharan African countries on acceptance and associated factors COVID-19 vaccine. This review meta-analysis aimed to recapitulate pooled magnitude vaccine its favoring countries. PUBMED, MEDLINE, Science Direct, Web Science, SCOPUS were main databases searched from 15 March 5 June 2022; all articles written English language included. Also, some retrieved biomedical peer-reviewed journal sites Google scholar. The quality thirty-five selected was evaluated using an adapted scale evaluating cross-sectional based Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. result revealed that rate varied across studies. In a analysis, such as; higher-level perception infection risk (OR (95% CI (2.7 (2.1, 3.4))), perceived safety (13.9 (9.2, 20.9)), virus-related good knowledge (2.3, 3.2)) appropriate attitude (5.9 (4.4, 7.8)), adherence precautions (5.5 (4.8, 6.2)), experience (4.4 (2.8, 6.9)) positively affected acceptance. found be high among males chronically ill individuals. Thus, understanding enhance would support planners augment uptake region.

Language: Английский

---

COVID-19 vaccination coverage in Egypt: a large-scale national survey – to help achieving vaccination target, March-May, 2022

BMC Public Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(1)

Published: Feb. 27, 2023

Abstract Background Only 57 countries have vaccinated 70% of their population against COVID-19, most them in high-income countries, whereas almost one billion people low-income remained unvaccinated. In March–May 2022, Egypt's Ministry Health and Population (MoHP) conducted a nationwide community-based survey to determine COVID-19 vaccine coverage people's perceptions vaccination order improve uptake confidence among Egyptians, as well prioritize interventions. Methods A cross-sectional population-based household Egyptians ≥ 18 years age was implemented two phases using multistage random sampling technique all Egypt’s 27 governorates. sample 18,000 subjects divided into 450 clusters 20 households each calculated proportion governorate the main occupation population. Participants were interviewed semistructured questionnaire that included demographics, information from card, history infection, reasons for refusal unvaccinated, experience subjects. Vaccination rates by dividing numbers total number participants. Bivariate multivariate analyses performed comparing unvaccinated identify risk factors low uptake. Results Overall 18,107 interviewed, mean 42 ± 16 58.8% females. Of them, 8,742 (48.3%) had 8,020 (44.3%) fully vaccinated. Factors associated with analysis included: groups (18–29 30–39) (ORs 2.0 (95% C.I. 1.8–2.2) 1.3 C.I.1.2–1.4), respectively), residences urban or frontier governorates 1.6 1.5–1.8) 1.2 1.1–1.4), housewives self-employed 1.2–1.4) married 1.2–1.4), primary secondary educated 1.1 1.01–1.2) 1.1(1.04–1.2) respectively). Vaccine hesitancy due fear adverse events (17.5%), mistrust (10.2%), concern over safety during pregnancy lactation (6.9%), chronic diseases (5.0%). Conclusions Survey identified lower Egypt compared WHO target. Communication programs targeting are needed eliminate barriers related convenience, side effects, effectively promote Findings could contribute significantly promotion guiding decision-making efforts on risky preventing hesitancy.

Language: Английский

---

Infodemic Management Using Digital Information and Knowledge Cocreation to Address COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy: Case Study From Ghana

JMIR Infodemiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 2(2), P. e37134 - e37134

Published: June 10, 2022

Infodemic management is an integral part of pandemic management. Ghana Health Services (GHS) together with the UNICEF (United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund) Country Office have developed a systematic process that effectively identifies, analyzes, and responds to COVID-19 vaccine-related misinformation in Ghana.

Language: Английский

---

Factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among healthcare workers in Cameroon and Nigeria: a web-based cross-sectional study

International Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(6), P. 702 - 714

Published: March 7, 2023

This study investigated the determinants of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine hesitancy among healthcare workers (HCWs) in Cameroon and Nigeria.This analytic cross-sectional was conducted from May to June 2021, including consenting HCWs aged ≥18 y identified using snowball sampling. Vaccine defined as indecisiveness or unwillingness receive COVID-19 vaccine. Multilevel logistic regression yielded adjusted ORs (aORs) for hesitancy.We included a total 598 (about 60% women) participants. Little no trust approved vaccines (aOR=2.28, 95% CI 1.24 4.20), lower perception importance on their personal health (5.26, 2.38 11.6), greater concerns about vaccine-related adverse effects (3.45, 1.83 6.47) uncertainty colleagues' acceptability (2.98, 1.62 5.48) were associated with higher odds hesitancy. In addition, participants chronic (aOR=0.34, 0.12 0.97) levels getting (0.40, 0.18 0.87) less likely be hesitant vaccine.COVID-19 this high broadly determined by perceived risk health, mistrust acceptability.

Language: Английский

---

Public preferences for vaccination campaigns in the COVID-19 endemic phase: insights from the VaxPref database

Health Policy and Technology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 100849 - 100849

Published: Feb. 8, 2024

Despite widespread perceptions that SARS-Cov-2 (COVID-19) is no longer a significant threat, the virus continues to loom, and new variants may require renewed efforts control its spread. Understanding how individual preferences attitudes influence vaccination behaviour policy compliance in light of endemic phase crucial preparation for this possibility. This paper presents descriptive data from global stated choice survey conducted 22 countries across 6 different continents between July 2022 August 2023, reports methodological work developed address need comparable data. study included 50,242 respondents. Findings indicated heterogeneity terms status willingness accept boosters. Vaccine hesitancy refusal were driven by lower trust public health bodies, younger age, educational levels. Refusers hesitant people reported take risks compared those fully vaccinated (p<0.05). Lower mental levels found cohort Insights database can help authorities gain understanding vaccine phenomenon, support them managing transition pandemic phase, favour stream research maximise behavioural response programs future pandemics.

Language: Английский

---

Willingness to receive COVID‐19 booster dose and its associated factors in Ghana: A cross‐sectional study

Health Science Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 6(4)

Published: April 1, 2023

The COVID-19 booster dose has been cited as an important supplement for the control of pandemic due to reports waning immunity among fully vaccinated persons. Determining factors that would affect its acceptability is necessary initiating successful vaccination programs. In this study, we aimed evaluate associated with in Ghana.

Language: Английский

---