Role of GABA pathway in motor and non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease: a bidirectional circuit

European journal of medical research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(1)

Published: March 27, 2024

Abstract Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative as result of the degeneration dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). The fundamental features PD are motor and non-motor symptoms. symptoms develop due to disruption neurotransmitters other such γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). potential role GABA neuropathology concerning was not precisely discussed. Therefore, this review intended illustrate possible regarding pathway essential regulating inhibitory tone prevent excessive stimulation cerebral cortex. Degeneration linked with reducing GABAergic neurotransmission. Decreasing activity promotes mitochondrial dysfunction oxidative stress, which highly related neuropathology. Hence, restoring by agonists may attenuate progression dysregulation SNpc contributes developing Besides, also pathway, amelioration reduce In conclusion, deregulation might be intricate Improving novel, beneficial approach control

Language: Английский

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SARS-CoV-2 Drug Resistance and Therapeutic Approaches

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. e41980 - e41980

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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SIRT1 pathway in Parkinson’s disease: a faraway snapshot but so close

Inflammopharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 31(1), P. 37 - 56

Published: Dec. 29, 2022

Abstract Silent information regulator (SIRT) has distinctive enzymatic activities and physiological functions to control cell-cycle progression, gene expression, DNA stability by targeting histone non-histone proteins. SIRT1 enhances synaptic formation activity, therefore, can reduce the progression of various degenerative brain diseases including Parkinson’s disease (PD). activity is decreased aging with a subsequent increased risk for development diseases. Inhibition promotes inflammatory reactions since inhibits transcription nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) which also activation via microRNA miR-34a NAD synthesis. highly expressed in microglia as well neurons, antioxidant anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, this review aimed find possible role PD neuropathology. neuroprotective effects; downregulation during p53 expression may increase vulnerability neuronal cell deaths. neuropathology linked sequence changes release pro-inflammatory cytokines due signaling pathways. In addition, oxidative stress, disorders, mitochondrial dysfunction, apoptosis contribute mutually Thus, activators play crucial mitigation through amelioration apoptosis,

Language: Английский

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Fighting cytokine storm and immunomodulatory deficiency: By using natural products therapy up to now

Frontiers in Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14

Published: April 12, 2023

A novel coronavirus strain (COVID-19) caused severe illness and mortality worldwide from 31 December 2019 to 21 March 2023. As of this writing, 761,071,826 million cases have been diagnosed worldwide, with 6,879,677 deaths accorded by WHO organization has spread 228 countries. The number is closely connected the growth innate immune cells in lungs, mainly macrophages, which generate inflammatory cytokines (especially IL-6 IL-1β) that induce "cytokine storm syndrome" (CSS), multi-organ failure, death. We focus on promising natural products their biologically active chemical constituents as potential phytopharmaceuticals target virus-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines. Successful therapy for condition currently rare, introduction an effective vaccine might take months. Blocking viral entrance replication regulating humoral cellular immunity uninfected population are most often employed treatment approaches infections. Unfortunately, no presently FDA-approved medicine can prevent or reduce SARS-CoV-2 access reproduction. Until now, important element disease severity host's response activation suppression. Several medicines adapted COVID-19 patients, including arbidol, favipiravir, ribavirin, lopinavir, ritonavir, hydroxychloroquine, chloroquine, dexamethasone, anti-inflammatory pharmaceutical drugs, such tocilizumab, glucocorticoids, anakinra (IL-1β cytokine inhibition), siltuximab (IL-6 inhibition). However, these synthetic medications therapies several side effects, heart permanent retinal damage case hydroxyl-chloroquine, liver destruction remdesivir. This review summarizes four strategies fighting storms immunomodulatory deficiency induced using product a therapeutic measure control storms.

Language: Английский

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DPP-4 inhibitors and type 2 diabetes mellitus in Parkinson’s disease: a mutual relationship

Pharmacological Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 75(4), P. 923 - 936

Published: June 3, 2023

Language: Английский

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Role of fenofibrate in multiple sclerosis

European journal of medical research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 29(1)

Published: Feb. 9, 2024

Abstract Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most frequent inflammatory and demyelinating disease of central nervous system (CNS). The underlying pathophysiology MS destruction myelin sheath by immune cells. formation plaques, inflammation, injury neuronal characterizes its neuropathology. plaques are multiple focal regions demyelination disseminated in brain's white matter, spinal cords, deep grey cerebral cortex. Fenofibrate a peroxisome proliferative activated receptor alpha (PPAR-α) that attenuates reactions MS. inhibits differentiation Th17 inhibiting expression pro-inflammatory signaling. According to these findings, this review intended illuminate mechanistic immunoinflammatory role fenofibrate mitigating In conclusion, can attenuate neuropathology modulating different pathways, including oxidative stress, autophagy, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammatory-signaling neuroinflammation.

Language: Английский

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Nanoparticles of Natural Product-derived Medicines: Beyond the Pandemic

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 11(4), P. e42739 - e42739

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

This review explores the synergistic potential of natural products and nanotechnology for viral infections, highlighting key antiviral, immunomodulatory, antioxidant properties to combat pandemics caused by highly infectious viruses. These often result in severe public health crises, particularly affecting vulnerable populations due respiratory complications increased mortality rates. A cytokine storm is initiated when an overload pro-inflammatory cytokines chemokines released, leading a systemic inflammatory response. Viral mutations limited availability effective drugs, vaccines, therapies contribute continuous transmission virus. The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has sparked renewed interest product-derived antivirals. efficacy traditional medicines against infections examined. Their anti-inflammatory, are highlighted. discusses how enhances herbal combating infections.

Language: Английский

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Cholinergic dysfunction in COVID-19: frantic search and hoping for the best

Naunyn-Schmiedeberg s Archives of Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 396(3), P. 453 - 468

Published: Dec. 3, 2022

Language: Английский

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Optimization Model and Algorithm of Logistics Vehicle Routing Problem under Major Emergency

Mathematics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. 1274 - 1274

Published: March 6, 2023

The novel coronavirus pandemic is a major global public health emergency, and has presented new challenges requirements for the timely response operational stability of emergency logistics that were required to address events outbreak in China. Based on problems insufficient timeliness high total system cost distribution epidemic situations, this paper takes minimum vehicle travel cost, time early/late punishment fixed as target, soft window receiving goods at each demand point, rated load vehicle, volume, maximum single delivery constraints, an routing problem optimization model epidemics was constructed. convergence speed improvement strategy, particle search elite retention strategy introduced improve swarm (PSO) algorithm it be suitable solving problems. simulation results prove improved PSO solve medical supplies can reach optimal results. Compared with basic algorithm, reduced by 20.09%.

Language: Английский

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Role of dietary supplements in the continuous battle against COVID‐19

Phytotherapy Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 38(2), P. 1071 - 1088

Published: Jan. 2, 2024

Abstract A sudden outbreak of the COVID‐19 pandemic was a big blow to world community on every level. Created by novel coronavirus, SARS‐CoV‐2, which previously unknown human immune system. The expert opinion almost immediately united fact that most effective way fighting would be building immunity artificially via mass immunization program. However, it took about year for approval first vaccine against COVID‐19. In meantime, part general population started adapting nutritious diet plans and dietary supplements boost natural as potential prophylactic strategy SARS‐CoV‐2 infection. Whether they originate from mainstream medicine, such synthetic supplements, or traditional herbal remedies in form single poly‐herbs, these may comprise various components exhibit immunomodulatory, anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial characteristics. There is substantial body predictions opinions suggesting enhancing one's with containing additional nutrients bioactive compounds like vitamins, minerals, amino acids, fatty phytochemicals, probiotics can enhance system's ability develop resistance COVID‐19, although none them have any conclusive evidence nor officially recommended World Health Organization (WHO). current review critically acclaims gap between public perception‐based preference real evidence‐based study weigh actual benefit relation prevention management.

Language: Английский

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