Genetic analysis of protein efficiency and its association with performance and meat quality traits under a protein-restricted diet DOI Creative Commons
Esther Oluwada Ewaoluwagbemiga, Giuseppe Bee, Claudia Kasper

et al.

Genetics Selection Evolution, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 55(1)

Published: June 2, 2023

An essential component in the development of sustainable pig production is reduction nitrogen excretion fattening pigs. Pig feeds typically contain high levels dietary crude protein, and due to incomplete conversion muscle tissue, excess excreted, resulting environmental problems such as nitrate pollution greenhouse gas emissions. Therefore, improving protein efficiency (PE), i.e., proportion that remains carcass, desirable. The aim this study was estimate heritability (h2) PE its genetic correlations with phosphorus efficiency, three performance, seven meat quality two carcass traits when pigs were fed a 20% protein-restricted diet, using 1071 Swiss Large White To determine PE, intake feed known nutrient content accurately recorded for each determined dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.We found an average 0.39 ± 0.04 0.54 0.10. showed correlation (0.61 0.16), moderate ratio (- 0.55 0.14) daily 0.53 0.14), low gain 0.19 0.19). While has favourable performance some traits, there potentially unfavourable colour (redness [rg = - 0.27 0.17]; yellowness 0.31 0.18]) intra-muscular fat (IMF; rg 0.15). Feed (FCR) also lightness, redness yellowness, IMF cooking loss.PE heritable trait can be considered breeding programs reduce impact production. We no strong negative potential indirectly select improved efficiency. Selecting efficiencies might more suitable strategy from manure than focusing on FCR because latter shows antagonism our population.

Language: Английский

Dose-response of different dietary leucine levels on growth performance and amino acid metabolism in piglets differing for aminoadipate-semialdehyde synthase genotypes DOI Creative Commons

Micol Bertocchi,

Paolo Bosi, Diana Luise

et al.

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Dec. 6, 2019

Dose-response studies of dietary leucine (Leu) in weaners are needed for a proper diet formulation. Dietary Leu effect was assessed 3-weeks dose-response trial with 2 (genotype) x 5 (diets) factorial arrangement on one-hundred weaned pigs (9 to 20 kg body weight (BW)). Pigs differed polymorphism at the aminoadipate-semialdehyde synthase (AASS) gene, involved lysine (Lys) metabolism. received experimental diets (d7 d28) differing standardized ileal digestible (SID) Leu:Lys: 70%, 85%, 100%, 115%, 130%. Daily feed intake (ADFI), daily gain (ADG) and feed:gain (F:G) all ADG F:G two classes BW were analyzed using regression analysis curvilinear-plateau (CLP) linear quadratic function (LQ) models. Amino acid (AA) concentrations plasma, liver, muscle urine determined. AASS genotype did not affect parameters. affected performance parameters, maximum response between 100.5% 110.7% SID Leu:Lys, higher than usually recommended one, 110.5% 115.4% 94.9% 110.2% Leu:Lys light heavy respectively. AA variations tissues highlighted role protein synthesis its influence other branched chain AAs.

Language: Английский

Citations

193
Genes Related to Fat Metabolism in Pigs and Intramuscular Fat Content of Pork: A Focus on Nutrigenetics and Nutrigenomics DOI Creative Commons
Isaac Hyeladi Malgwi, Veronika Halas, Petra Grünvald

et al.

Animals, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 150 - 150

Published: Jan. 8, 2022

Fat metabolism and intramuscular fat (IMF) are qualitative traits in pigs whose development influenced by several genes metabolic pathways. Nutrigenetics nutrigenomics offer prospects estimating nutrients required a pig. Application of these emerging fields nutritional science provides an opportunity for matching based on the genetic make-up pig trait improvements. Today, integration high throughput “omics” technologies into genomic research has revealed many quantitative loci (QTLs) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) mutation(s) key directly or indirectly involved IMF deposition pigs. Nutrient–gene interaction underlying molecular mechanisms fatty acid synthesis marbling is difficult to unravel. While existing knowledge QTLs SNPs related yet be harmonized, scientific explanations behind nature correlation between nutrients, environment remain unclear, being inconclusive lacking precision. This paper aimed to: (1) discuss nutrigenetics, epigenetic controlling accretion pigs; (2) highlight potentials concepts programming research.

Language: Английский

Citations

52
— Invited Review — Current status, challenges and prospects for pig production in Asia DOI Creative Commons
Lu Wang, Defa Li

Animal Bioscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 37(4), P. 742 - 754

Published: Feb. 22, 2024

Asia is not only the primary region for global pig production but also largest consumer of pork worldwide. Although in has made great progress past, it still confronted with numerous challenges. These challenges include: inadequate land and feed resources, a substantial number small-scale farms, escalating pressure to ensure environmental conservation, control devastating infectious diseases, as well coping high temperatures humidity. To solve these problems, important investments human financial capital are required promote large-scale systems, exploit alternative implement precision feeding, focus on preventive medicine vaccines alternatives antibiotics, improve breeding, increase manure recycling. Implementation techniques management practices will facilitate development more environmentally-friendly economically sustainable systems Asia, ultimately providing consumers healthy products around world.

Language: Английский

Citations

13
Nutrition strategies to control post-weaning diarrhea of piglets: From the perspective of feeds DOI Creative Commons

Qingsong Tang,

Tianyi Lan, Chengyu Zhou

et al.

Animal nutrition, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17, P. 297 - 311

Published: March 26, 2024

Post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) is a globally significant threat to the swine industry. Historically, antibiotics as well high doses of zinc oxide and copper sulfate have been commonly used control PWD. However, development bacterial resistance environmental pollution created an interest in alternative strategies. In recent years, research surrounding these strategies mechanisms piglet has continually updated. Mechanically, piglets result imbalance intestinal fluid electrolyte absorption secretion. general, enterotoxigenic

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Effect of dietary protein level and lamb breed on meat physicochemical traits, fatty acid profile and nutritional indices DOI Creative Commons
H. Hajji, Samir Smeti,

Ilyes Mekki

et al.

Archives animal breeding/Archiv für Tierzucht, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 68(1), P. 57 - 66

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

Abstract. Special attention is increasingly given to food characteristics, particularly fatty acid (FA) profile. The quality of meat, as animal origin, depends on genotype and feeding. This study evaluated the meat FA profile three Tunisian sheep breeds, i.e. Barbarine (BB), Queue Fine de l'Ouest (QFO) Noire Thibar (NT), under diets with low (11 %) or high (16 crude protein (CP) levels, aiming optimize feeding strategies for production. Lambs were slaughtered at 51 kg body weight. longissimus-thoracis et lumborum muscle was extracted analysis. intramuscular fat higher QFO than other breeds. not affected by CP level but breed. C16:0 two which had C18:0 (17.7 vs. 14.6 %). n−3 n−6 polyunsaturated (PUFA) contents (P<0.001) fat-tailed BB resulting in a total PUFA / SFA ratio (0.135 0.09, where represents saturated acid). atherogenic index (AI) cholesterolemic (h/H) recommended ranges, being favour NT breeds with, respectively, lower values QFO. However, thrombogenic (TI) similar among In conclusion, lipid indices primarily influenced breed, no significant effect from level, suggesting that low-protein diet can yield comparable high-protein diet.

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Amino Acid Supplementation to Reduce Environmental Impacts of Broiler and Pig Production: A Review DOI Creative Commons

Léa Cappelaere,

Josselin Le Cour Grandmaison,

Nicolás Bas Martín

et al.

Frontiers in Veterinary Science, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 8

Published: July 26, 2021

Poultry and swine farming are large contributors to environmental impacts, such as climate change, eutrophication, acidification, air water pollution. Feed production manure management identified the main sources of these impacts. Reducing dietary crude protein levels is a nutritional strategy recognized both decrease use high-impact feed ingredients alter composition, reducing emissions harmful components. For successful implementation this technique, feed-grade amino acid supplementation crucial maintaining animal performance. lowers nitrogen excretion, especially excess excreted in urea or uric form, improving efficiency. At feed-gate, low–crude diets can reduce carbon footprint through changes raw material inclusion. The magnitude reduction mainly depends on change impact soybean meal its land-use acids used. also housing, storage, at spreading: from (ammonia, nitrates, nitrous oxide) reduced excretion. Moreover, synergetic effects exist with pH, further emissions. Volatilization more poultry than pigs, but studied better understood for pig slurry litter. Ammonia documented other N-compounds. Low–crude supplemented different stages production, making life cycle assessment best-suited tool quantify Recent studies report an efficient impacts diets. However, standardization limits methods used necessary compare results. This review summarizes current knowledge mitigation swine, quantification, biological mechanisms involved. A comparison between pigs included. It provides concrete information based quantified research decision livestock industry policy makers.

Language: Английский

Citations

51
Clostridium Butyricum ZJU-F1 Benefits the Intestinal Barrier Function and Immune Response Associated with Its Modulation of Gut Microbiota in Weaned Piglets DOI Creative Commons
Jie Fu,

Tenghao Wang,

Xiao Xiao

et al.

Cells, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 10(3), P. 527 - 527

Published: March 2, 2021

This study investigated the effects of dietary C. butyricum ZJU-F1 on apparent digestibility nutrients, intestinal barrier function, immune response, and microflora weaned piglets, with aim providing a theoretical basis for application Clostridium as an alternative to antibiotics in piglets. A total 120 weanling piglets were randomly divided into four treatment groups, which fed basal diet supplemented (CON), Bacillus licheniformis (BL), (CB), or (CB-BL), respectively. The results showed that CB CB-BL increased decreased permeability, tight junction protein mucin expression, thus maintaining integrity epithelial barrier. CB-BL, exogenous probiotics, also found stimulate response improve expression antimicrobial peptides ileum. In addition, proportion Lactobacillus. levels butyric acid, propionic acetic acid significantly ceca CB-BL. Furthermore, we validated function vitro improved enhanced TLR-2-MyD88-NF-κB signaling.

Language: Английский

Citations

48
Porcine enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli: Antimicrobial resistance and development of microbial-based alternative control strategies DOI
Tanya Laird, Sam Abraham, David Jordan

et al.

Veterinary Microbiology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 258, P. 109117 - 109117

Published: May 18, 2021

Language: Английский

Citations

48
Black soldier fly larval meal in feed enhances growth performance, carcass yield and meat quality of finishing pigs DOI Open Access
Shaphan Y. Chia, Chrysantus M. Tanga, Isaac M. Osuga

et al.

Journal of Insects as Food and Feed, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(4), P. 433 - 447

Published: March 11, 2021

Using black soldier fly (BSF, Hermetia illucens ) larvae as a novel protein source substituting fishmeal (FM) in animal feeds is globally gaining momentum. BSF can be reared on agro-industrial residues. However, incorporating larval meal (BSFLM) into finisher pig diets has received inadequate attention. This study evaluated the effects of replacing dietary FM with BSFLM growth, carcass traits and meat quality pigs. A control diet (including FM: 0% BSFLM) was compared four levels replacement at 25, 50, 75 or 100%. Forty hybrid pigs (crossbreeds purebred Large White Landrace) were randomly allocated to five different treatments. Feed intake, body weight gain feed conversion ratio measured. After 98 days feeding, all slaughtered for evaluation nutritional content organ muscle tissues. Diet significantly affected growth performance. Carcass fed by 100% (w/w) higher than source. Crude pork tissues high (65-93% dry-matter basis) across groups. Therefore, replace feed. relevant commercial production provides first time analysis derived from raised BSFLM.

Language: Английский

Citations

45
The “ideal protein” concept is not ideal in animal nutrition DOI Creative Commons
Guoyao Wu, Peng Li

Experimental Biology and Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 247(13), P. 1191 - 1201

Published: April 11, 2022

Amino acids (AAs) are required for syntheses of proteins and low-molecular-weight substances with enormous physiological importance. Since 1912, AAs have been classified as nutritionally essential amino (EAAs) or nonessential (NEAAs) animals. EAAs those that either not synthesized insufficiently de novo in the organisms. It was assumed all NEAAs (now known synthesizable animal cells [AASAs]) were formed sufficiently animals needed diets. However, studies over past three decades shown sufficient dietary AASAs (e.g. glutamine, glutamate, glycine, proline) necessary maximum growth optimum health pigs, chickens, fish. Thus, concept “ideal protein” (protein an optimal EAA pattern precisely meets needs animals), which originally proposed 1950s but ignored AASAs, is ideal nutrition. Ideal diets must provide physiologically AAs. Improved patterns swine chickens well zoo companion recent years. Animal-sourced feedstuffs supply abundant (including proline, 4-hydroxyproline, taurine) swine, poultry, fish, crustaceans to improve their growth, development, reproduction, health, while sustaining global production. Nutritionists should move beyond consider ratios amounts proteinogenic mammals, birds, aquatic animals, and, case carnivores, also taurine.

Language: Английский

Citations

37