Microbiota in health and diseases

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: April 23, 2022

Abstract The role of microbiota in health and diseases is being highlighted by numerous studies since its discovery. Depending on the localized regions, can be classified into gut, oral, respiratory, skin microbiota. microbial communities are symbiosis with host, contributing to homeostasis regulating immune function. However, dysbiosis lead dysregulation bodily functions including cardiovascular (CVDs), cancers, respiratory diseases, etc. In this review, we discuss current knowledge how links host or pathogenesis. We first summarize research healthy conditions, gut-brain axis, colonization resistance modulation. Then, highlight pathogenesis disease development progression, primarily associated community composition, modulation response, induction chronic inflammation. Finally, introduce clinical approaches that utilize for treatment, such as fecal transplantation.

Language: Английский

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The functionality of probiotics in aquaculture: An overview

Fish & Shellfish Immunology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 117, P. 36 - 52

Published: July 15, 2021

Language: Английский

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Defining and quantifying the core microbiome: Challenges and prospects

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 118(51)

Published: Dec. 3, 2021

The term "core microbiome" has become widely used in microbial ecology over the last decade. Broadly, core microbiome refers to any set of taxa, or genomic and functional attributes associated with those that are characteristic a host environment interest. Most commonly, microbiomes measured as taxa shared among two more samples from particular environment. Despite popularity this its growing use, there is little consensus about how should be quantified practice. Here, we present brief history concept use representative sample literature review different metrics commonly for quantifying core. Empirical analyses have wide range microbiome, including arbitrary occurrence abundance cutoff values, focal taxonomic level ranging phyla amplicon sequence variants. However, many these susceptible sampling other biases. Developing standardized accounts such biases necessary testing specific hypotheses ecological roles microbiomes.

Language: Английский

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Bacterial seed endophyte shapes disease resistance in rice

Nature Plants, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 7(1), P. 60 - 72

Published: Jan. 4, 2021

Language: Английский

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The microbiome and gut homeostasis

Science, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 377(6601)

Published: June 30, 2022

Changes in the composition of gut microbiota are associated with many human diseases. So far, however, we have failed to define homeostasis or dysbiosis by presence absence specific microbial species. The and function adult is governed diet host factors that regulate direct growth. delivers oxygen nitrate lumen small intestine, which selects for bacteria use respiration energy production. In colon, contrast, limits availability nitrate, results a bacterial community specializes fermentation Although influences composition, poor weakens control mechanisms microbiota. Hence, quantifying parameters growth could help offer alternative strategies remediate dysbiosis.

Language: Английский

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Questioning the fetal microbiome illustrates pitfalls of low-biomass microbial studies

Nature, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 613(7945), P. 639 - 649

Published: Jan. 25, 2023

Language: Английский

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Plant Growth Stimulation by Microbial Consortia

Agronomy, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 219 - 219

Published: Jan. 24, 2021

Plant-associated microorganisms play an important role in agricultural production. Although various studies have shown that single can exert beneficial effects on plants, it is increasingly evident when a microbial consortium—two or more interacting microorganisms—is involved, additive synergistic results be expected. This occurs, part, due to the fact multiple species perform variety of tasks ecosystem like rhizosphere. Therefore, mechanisms plant growth stimulation (i.e., enhanced nutrient availability, phytohormone modulation, biocontrol, biotic and abiotic stress tolerance) exerted by different players within rhizosphere, such as plant-growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) fungi (such Trichoderma Mycorrhizae), are reviewed. In addition, their interaction activity highlighted they act part consortium, mainly mixtures PGPB, PGPB–Mycorrhizae, PGPB–Trichoderma, under normal diverse conditions. Finally, we propose expansion use consortia, well increase research facilitate best most consistent field.

Language: Английский

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Microbial Interactions Within Multiple-Strain Biological Control Agents Impact Soil-Borne Plant Disease

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 11

Published: Oct. 9, 2020

Major losses of crop yield and quality caused by soil-borne plant diseases have long threatened the ecology economy agriculture forestry. Biological control using beneficial microorganisms has become more popular for management pathogens as an environmentally friendly method protecting plants. Two major barriers limiting disease-suppressive function biocontrol microbes are inadequate colonization hosts inefficient inhibition pathogen growth, due to biotic abiotic factors acting in complex rhizosphere environments. Use a consortium microbial strains with disease inhibitory activity may improve efficacy disease-inhibiting microbes. The mechanisms biological not fully understood. In this review, we focus on bacterial fungal agents summarize current state use single strain multi-strain consortia diseases. We discuss potential used components suppressing efficacy. emphasize interaction-related be considered when constructing multiple-strain propose workflow assembling them applying reductionist synthetic community approach.

Language: Английский

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Polyamines in cancer: integrating organismal metabolism and antitumour immunity

Nature reviews. Cancer, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 22(8), P. 467 - 480

Published: April 27, 2022

Language: Английский

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Microbiome and Human Health: Current Understanding, Engineering, and Enabling Technologies

Chemical Reviews, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 123(1), P. 31 - 72

Published: Nov. 1, 2022

The human microbiome is composed of a collection dynamic microbial communities that inhabit various anatomical locations in the body. Accordingly, coevolution with host has resulted these playing profound role promoting health. Consequently, perturbations can cause or exacerbate several diseases. In this Review, we present our current understanding relationship between health and disease development, focusing on microbiomes found across digestive, respiratory, urinary, reproductive systems as well skin. We further discuss strategies by which composition function be modulated to exert therapeutic effect host. Finally, examine technologies such multiomics approaches cellular reprogramming microbes enable significant advancements research engineering.

Language: Английский

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