New opportunities and challenges of natural products research: When target identification meets single-cell multiomics

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(11), P. 4011 - 4039

Published: Aug. 27, 2022

Language: Английский

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Dietary Polyphenol, Gut Microbiota, and Health Benefits

Antioxidants, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 11(6), P. 1212 - 1212

Published: June 20, 2022

Polyphenols, which are probably the most important secondary metabolites produced by plants, have attracted tremendous attention due to their health-promoting effects, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-adipogenic, and neuro-protective activities, as well health properties. However, complicated structures high molecular weights, a large proportion of dietary polyphenols remain unabsorbed along gastrointestinal tract, while in intestine they biotransformed into bioactive, low-molecular-weight phenolic through residing gut microbiota. Dietary can modulate composition intestinal microbes, turn, microbes catabolize release bioactive metabolites. To better investigate benefits polyphenols, this review provides summary modulation vitro vivo evidence (animal models humans), possible actions barrier function microbes. This aims provide basis for understanding relationship between microbiota, host health.

Language: Английский

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Clostridium butyricum and Its Derived Extracellular Vesicles Modulate Gut Homeostasis and Ameliorate Acute Experimental Colitis

Microbiology Spectrum, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 10(4)

Published: June 28, 2022

This study indicated that C. butyricum provided a prevention effect against colitis mice, which involved protection of the intestinal barrier and positively regulating gut microbiota. Furthermore, we confirmed microbiota metabolites were induced by also contributed to attenuation DSS-induced colitis. Importantly, -derived EVs showed an effective impact in alleviating

Language: Английский

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Crosstalk between Gut Microbiota and Host Immunity: Impact on Inflammation and Immunotherapy

Biomedicines, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(2), P. 294 - 294

Published: Jan. 20, 2023

Gut microbes and their metabolites are actively involved in the development regulation of host immunity, which can influence disease susceptibility. Herein, we review most recent research advancements gut microbiota–immune axis. We discuss detail how microbiota is a tipping point for neonatal immune as indicated by newly uncovered phenomenon, such maternal imprinting, utero intestinal metabolome, weaning reaction. describe shapes both innate adaptive immunity with emphasis on short-chain fatty acids secondary bile acids. also comprehensively delineate disruption axis results immune-mediated diseases, gastrointestinal infections, inflammatory bowel cardiometabolic disorders (e.g., cardiovascular diabetes, hypertension), autoimmunity rheumatoid arthritis), hypersensitivity asthma allergies), psychological anxiety), cancer colorectal hepatic). further encompass role fecal transplantation, probiotics, prebiotics, dietary polyphenols reshaping therapeutic potential. Continuing, examine modulates therapies, including checkpoint inhibitors, JAK anti-TNF therapies. lastly mention current challenges metagenomics, germ-free models, recapitulation to achieve fundamental understanding regulates immunity. Altogether, this proposes improving immunotherapy efficacy from perspective microbiome-targeted interventions.

Language: Английский

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Polyphenols from Fu Brick Tea Reduce Obesity via Modulation of Gut Microbiota and Gut Microbiota-Related Intestinal Oxidative Stress and Barrier Function

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 69(48), P. 14530 - 14543

Published: Nov. 9, 2021

Fu brick tea (FBT) is a microbial-fermented tea, which produced by the solid-state fermentation of leaves. Previous studies have proved that FBT aqueous extracts could attenuate obesity and gut microbiota dysbiosis. However, bioactive components in contribute to these activities remain unclear. In this study, we aimed investigate effects polyphenols (FBTPs) on obesity, microbiota, microbiota-related intestinal oxidative stress barrier function further whether antiobesity effect FBTPs was dependent alteration microbiota. The results showed FBTP supplementation effectively attenuated high-fat diet (HFD)-fed rats. improved function, including inflammation integrity barrier. Furthermore, intervention significantly HFD-induced dysbiosis, characterized increased phylogenetic diversity decreased Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio. Certain core microbes, Akkermansia muciniphila, Alloprevotella, Bacteroides, Faecalibaculum, were also found be FBTPs. Moreover, microbiota-dependent, as demonstrated fecal transplantation experiment. Collectively, concluded reduced modulating function. Therefore, may used prebiotic agents treat dysbiosis obese individuals.

Language: Английский

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Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG ameliorates osteoporosis in ovariectomized rats by regulating the Th17/Treg balance and gut microbiota structure

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: March 20, 2023

Background With increasing knowledge about the gut – bone axis, more studies for treatments based on regulation of postmenopausal osteoporosis by microbes are being conducted. Based our previous work, this study was conducted to further investigate therapeutic effects Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) ovariectomized (OVX) model rats and immunological microecological mechanisms involved.Results We found a protective effect LGG treatment in OVX through changes microarchitecture, biomechanics, CTX-I, PINP, Ca, RANKL expression levels. advantageous promoting osteogenesis, which may be responsible alleviation osteoporosis. Th17 cells were imbalanced with Treg mediastinal lymph nodes marrow, RORγt FOXP3 following similar trend. TNF-α IL-17 colon marrow increased, while TGF-β IL-10 decreased; however, modulated these improved Th17/Treg balance significantly. Regarding intestinal barrier, we that ameliorated estrogen deficiency-induced inflammation mucosal damage increased GLP-2 R tight junction proteins. Importantly, 16S rRNA sequencing showed significant increase Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio during deficiency. Dominant flora differences composition; regulated various genera OVX, along modifying those did not change significantly other groups respect development, bile acid metabolism.Conclusions Overall, regulating microbiome barrier stimulating bone.

Language: Английский

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The Anti-Inflammatory and Immunomodulatory Activities of Natural Products to Control Autoimmune Inflammation

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 24(1), P. 95 - 95

Published: Dec. 21, 2022

Inflammation is an integral part of autoimmune diseases, which are caused by dysregulation the immune system. This involves imbalance between pro-inflammatory versus anti-inflammatory mediators. These mediators include various cytokines and chemokines; defined subsets T helper/T regulatory cells, M1/M2 macrophages, activating/tolerogenic dendritic antibody-producing/regulatory B cells. Despite availability many anti-inflammatory/immunomodulatory drugs, severe adverse reactions associated with their long-term use often high costs impediments in effectively controlling disease process. Accordingly, suitable alternatives being sought for these conventional drugs. Natural products offer promising adjuncts/alternatives this regard. The specific compounds isolated from dietary/medicinal plant extracts have permitted rigorous studies on disease-modulating activities mechanisms involved therein. Here, we describe basic characteristics, action, preventive/therapeutic applications 5 well-characterized natural product (Resveratrol, Curcumin, Boswellic acids, Epigallocatechin-3-gallate, Triptolide). been tested extensively animal models autoimmunity as well limited clinical trials patients having corresponding diseases. We focused our description predominantly cell-mediated such rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, Type 1 diabetes, ulcerative colitis, psoriasis.

Language: Английский

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The role of Akkermansia muciniphila in inflammatory bowel disease: Current knowledge and perspectives

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 6, 2023

Inflammatory bowel diseases, including Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, is a chronic relapsing gastrointestinal inflammatory mediated by dysregulated immune responses to resident intestinal microbiota. Current conventional approaches aminosalicylates, corticosteroids, immunosuppressive agents, biological therapies are focused on reducing inflammation besides inducing maintaining remission, managing complications. However, these not curative associated with various limitations, such as drug resistance, low responsiveness adverse events. Recent accumulated evidence has revealed the involvement of mucin-degrading bacterium

Language: Английский

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Hydroxytyrosol Alleviates Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis by Modulating Inflammatory Responses, Intestinal Barrier, and Microbiome

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 70(7), P. 2241 - 2252

Published: Feb. 8, 2022

Hydroxytyrosol (HT), a polyphenol derived from olive oil, was examined against dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis to study its potential in preventing and the underlying mechanisms involved. The low dose high of HT used mice were 10 50 mg/kg, respectively. Research findings have shown that is effective by alleviating signs colitis. intervention significantly reduces markers such as myeloperoxidase (MPO) proinflammatory cytokine (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α). Also, treated with showed increased secretion antioxidant enzymes (heme oxygenase-1 (HO) anti-inflammatory (IL-10) 2.32- 2.28-fold, respectively, comparison DSS-treated group. Modulation effects on signal pathway (NRF2) inflammatory (NF-κB) confirmed. Meanwhile, promoted regeneration intestinal barrier maintained functional homeostasis boosting goblet cells expression mucin protein (Muc2) tight junction (TJ) proteins (claudin-1, occludin, Zonula Occludens-1). Moreover, obviously transformed gut microbiota, leading lower abundance inflammation-related microbes (e.g., Bacteroidaceae Desulfovibrionaceae) higher level short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) producing bacteria Lachnospiraceae, Muribaculaceae, ASF356, Colidextribacter). Scientific evidence for beneficial effect "Mediterranean diet" (MD) health achieved elucidating alleviation mechanism hydroxytyrosol

Language: Английский

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Gut Microbiota Participates in Polystyrene Microplastics-Induced Hepatic Injuries by Modulating the Gut–Liver Axis

ACS Nano, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 17(15), P. 15125 - 15145

Published: July 24, 2023

Dietary pollution by polystyrene microplastics (MPs) can cause hepatic injuries and microbial dysbiosis. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the major polyphenol in green tea, exerts beneficial effects on liver modulating gut microbiota. However, role of microbiota MPs-induced protective effect EGCG have not been clarified. Here, 5 μm MPs were orally administered to mice induce injuries. Subsequently, antibiotic cocktail (ABX) fecal transplant (FMT) experiments performed investigate underlying mechanisms. Additionally, was explore its protection against Our results showed that activated systemic inflammation, promoted fibrosis, altered metabolome; meanwhile, damaged homeostasis disturbing microbiome, promoting colonic impairing intestinal barrier. Notably, reduced abundance probiotics Akkermansia, Mucispirillum, Faecalibaculum while increasing pathogenic Tuzzerella. Interestingly, elimination mitigated inflammation barrier impairment. Moreover, ABX ameliorated but fibrosis. Correspondingly, from MPs-administered induced colonic, systemic, their profibrosis observed. Finally, elevated effectively repressed inflammation. remodeling metabolome also attenuated EGCG. These findings illustrated contributed injuries, could serve as a potential prevention strategy for these adverse consequences.

Language: Английский

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