Gut microbiome composition, not alpha diversity, is associated with survival in a natural vertebrate population

Animal Microbiome, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 3(1)

Published: Dec. 20, 2021

The vertebrate gut microbiome (GM) can vary substantially across individuals within the same natural population. Although there is evidence linking GM to health in captive animals, very little known about consequences of variation for host fitness wild. Here, we explore relationship between faecal diversity, body condition, and survival using data from long-term study a discrete population Seychelles warbler (Acrocephalus sechellensis) on Cousin Island. To our knowledge, this first time that differences associated with have been fully characterised species, multiple age groups breeding seasons.

Language: Английский

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Effect of Bifidobacterium bifidum Supplementation in Newborns Born from Cesarean Section on Atopy, Respiratory Tract Infections, and Dyspeptic Syndromes: A Multicenter, Randomized, and Controlled Clinical Trial

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(6), P. 1093 - 1093

Published: May 28, 2024

Cesarean section is considered a possible trigger of atopy and gut dysbiosis in newborns. Bifidobacteria, specifically B. bifidum, are thought to play central role reducing the risk favoring eubiosis children. Nonetheless, no trial has ever prospectively investigated played by this single bacterial species preventing atopic manifestations children born cesarean section, all results published so far refer mixtures probiotics. We have therefore evaluated impact 6 months supplementation with bifidum PRL2010 on incidence, first year life, atopy, respiratory tract infections, dyspeptic syndromes 164 (versus 249 untreated controls). The our multicenter, randomized, controlled shown that probiotic significantly reduced incidence dermatitis, upper lower signs symptoms syndromes. Concerning microbiota, increased α-biodiversity relative values phyla Bacteroidota Actinomycetota, genus Bacteroides, Bifidobacterium content Escherichia/Shigella Haemophilus. A 6-month reduces positive clinical remains observable following follow-up.

Language: Английский

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Individual variation in the avian gut microbiota: The influence of host state and environmental heterogeneity

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 32(12), P. 3322 - 3339

Published: March 12, 2023

Abstract The gut microbiota have important consequences for host biological processes and there is some evidence that they also affect fitness. However, the complex, interactive nature of ecological factors influence has scarcely been investigated in natural populations. We sampled wild great tits ( Parus major ) at different life stages allowing us to evaluate how varied with respect a diverse range key two broad types: (1) state, namely age sex, history variables, timing breeding, fecundity reproductive success; (2) environment, including habitat type, distance nest woodland edge, general site environments. environment many ways were largely dependent on age. Nestlings far more sensitive environmental variation than adults, pointing high degree flexibility an time development. As nestlings developed their from one weeks life, retained consistent (i.e., repeatable) among‐individual differences. However these apparent individual differences driven entirely by effect sharing same nest. Our findings point early windows during development which are most variety drivers multiple scales, suggest timing, hence potentially parental quality or food availability, linked microbiota. Identifying explicating various sources shape individual's bacteria vital importance understanding microbiota's role animal

Language: Английский

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Early-life factors shaping the gut microbiota of Common buzzard nestlings

Animal Microbiome, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: May 14, 2024

Abstract Background Exploring the dynamics of gut microbiome colonisation during early-life stages is important for understanding potential impact microbes on host development and fitness. Evidence from model organisms suggests a crucial phase when shifts in microbiota can lead to immune dysregulation reduced condition. However, our long-lived vertebrates, especially early development, remains limited. We therefore used wild population common buzzard nestlings ( Buteo buteo ) investigate connections between colonisation, environmental factors. Results targeted both bacterial eukaryotic using 16S 28S rRNA genes. sampled individuals developmental longitudinal design. Our data revealed that age significantly affected microbial diversity composition. Nest environment was notable predictor composition, with particularly communities differing habitats occupied by hosts. Nestling condition infection blood parasite Leucocytozoon predicted community Conclusion findings emphasise importance studying capture changes occurring ontogeny. They highlight role reflecting health nest developing nestling microbiome. Overall, this study contributes complex interplay communities, factors, variables, sheds light ecological processes governing stages.

Language: Английский

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Longitudinal gut microbiome dynamics in relation to age and senescence in a wild animal population

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 33(16)

Published: July 16, 2024

Abstract In humans, gut microbiome (GM) differences are often correlated with, and sometimes causally implicated in, ageing. However, it is unclear how these findings translate in wild animal populations. Studies that investigate GM dynamics change within individuals, with declines physiological condition, needed to fully understand links between chronological age, senescence the GM, but have rarely been done. Here, we use longitudinal data collected from a closed population of Seychelles warblers ( Acrocephalus sechellensis ) bacterial alpha diversity, composition stability associated host senescence. We hypothesised diversity will differ, become more variable, older adults, particularly terminal year prior death, as becomes increasingly dysregulated due remained largely invariable respect adult age did not differ an individual's year. Furthermore, there was no evidence became heterogenous senescent groups (individuals than 6 years), or Instead, environmental variables such season, territory quality time day, were strongest predictors variation warblers. These results contrast studies on captive populations some (but all) non‐human primates, suggesting deterioration may be universal hallmark species. Further work disentangle factors driving GM‐senescence relationships across different taxa.

Language: Английский

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Transgressive hybrids as hopeful holobionts

Microbiome, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Jan. 22, 2025

Abstract Background Hybridization between evolutionary lineages has profound impacts on the fitness and ecology of hybrid progeny. In extreme cases, effects hybridization can transcend ecological timescales by introducing trait novelty upon which evolution act. Indeed, even have macroevolutionary consequences, for example, as a driver adaptive radiations innovations. Accordingly, is now recognized motor macrobial evolution. By contrast, there been substantially less progress made towards understanding positive eco-evolutionary consequences holobionts. Rather, emerging paradigm in holobiont literature that disrupts symbiosis host lineage its microbiome, leaving hybrids at deficit. These conclusions, however, drawn based results from predominantly low-fitness organisms. Studying “dead-end” all but guarantees finding detrimental. This pitfall Dobzhansky fell into over 80 years ago when he used sterility inviability to conclude hinders Goldschmidt, argued rare saltational successes—so-called hopeful monsters—disproportionately drive outcomes. Goldschmidt’s view becoming widely accepted explanation prevalence historical extant lineages. Aligning research with this broader perspective requires recognizing importance similar patterns host–microbiome systems. That is, successful “hopeful holobionts” (i.e., monsters scale) might be disproportionately responsible If true, then it these systems we should studying assess trajectories symbioses. Results paper, explore gut (cloacal) skin microbiota an ecologically lizard, Aspidoscelis neomexicanus . Specifically, test hypothesis lizards host-associated (HA) traits strongly differentiated their progenitor species. Across numerous phenotypes, find widespread evidence transgressive segregation. Further, restructuring broadly correlates niche during hybridization. suggests relationship HA success. Conclusion Transgressive segregation not only limited deficit also occurs hybrids. may mechanism generating novel potentially beneficial phenotypes. Supporting such conclusion, correlations indicate change ways promote shift or expansion space. underly release progenitors. This, turn, could diversification. Using our system elaborate implications within context theory outline next steps role research.

Language: Английский

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Metagenomic analyses of gut microbiome composition and function with age in a wild bird; little change, except increased transposase gene abundance

ISME Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Studies on wild animals, mostly undertaken using 16S metabarcoding, have yielded ambiguous evidence regarding changes in the gut microbiome (GM) with age and senescence. Furthermore, variation GM function has rarely been studied such populations, despite metabolic characteristics potentially being associated host senescent declines. Here, we used 7 years of repeated sampling individuals shotgun metagenomic sequencing to investigate taxonomic functional Seychelles warblers (Acrocephalus sechellensis) age. Our results suggest that species richness declines terminal year, this decline occurring consistently across all ages. Taxonomic composition also shifted However, identified occurred linearly (or even mainly during early prior onset senescence species) little accelerated change later life or their year. Therefore, are not linked Interestingly, found a significant increase abundance group transposase genes age, which may accumulate passively due increased transposition induced as result stressors arise These findings reveal but senescence, vertebrate provide blueprint for future studies

Language: Английский

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Unveiling host-genetic drivers of caecal microbial communities in chickens through genome-wide association studies

Frontiers in Microbiomes, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 4

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

Enteric microbiota plays a crucial role in the health and productivity of poultry, including influences on nutrient absorption, immune function, pathogen resistance. In this study, we conducted genome-wide association study (GWAS) to identify host genetic variants associated with selected bacterial genera found chickens. We used high-density 600K SNP Affymetrix DNA arrays for genotyping, alongside 16S rRNA gene sequencing profile caecal from same individual A commercial broiler line (Cobb400, n = 300) an indigenous (Kadaknath, chicken breed India were investigated, allowing comprehensive cross-ecotype analysis. Our analysis identified several host-genetic markers candidate genes presence abundance specific known pathogenic or commensal roles, Enterotypes. Whole-genome data then further investigate regions around significantly array. Of note, nearby coding classical complement activation component C1q, ephrin receptors, other immunity inflammatory responses as well products vitamin co-factor metabolism. The results underscore impact that genetics has regulation gut highlights potential pathways through which variation host-bacterial crosstalk potentially modulates microbial community structure. These findings contribute growing understanding basis host-microbiota interactions offer new avenues improving poultry selective breeding strategies targeting microbiome.

Language: Английский

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Gut feeling: host and habitat as drivers of the microbiome in blackbuck Antilope cervicapra

Wildlife Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

The gut microbiome can be shaped by both intrinsic host factors and extrinsic environmental factors. However, the relative importance of in microbial composition has rarely been investigated, particularly for a single across its natural range. Here, we characterise an endemic, endangered antelope, blackbuck or Antilope cervicapra . We evaluated influence seven predictor variables, which were classified into factors, on microbiome. are nucleotide diversity (mitochondrial nuclear) population density, whereas temperature, precipitation, distance to human settlement anthropogenic land‐use. determined these variables explains greater variation within (α‐diversity) between (β‐diversity) hosts. analysed n = 60 hosts from ten different populations India. recorded 11 800 unique OTUs 30 known phyla 2.9 million reads. find average 2056 per individual, with Bacillota Bacteroidota being most dominant phyla. Overall, also show that genetic (intrinsic) is more important than their environment (extrinsic) within‐ between‐host blackbuck. Our results suggest increase relatedness lead decrease composition. Therefore, conservation efforts should directed not only preserve habitats but pool populations, will positively impact survival through diverse microbiomes.

Language: Английский

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Unveiling familial aggregation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Insights from oral microbiome dysbiosis

Cell Reports Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 101979 - 101979

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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