RSC Advances,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
11(6), P. 3622 - 3635
Published: Jan. 1, 2021
Members
of
the
genus
Trichoderma
are
a
well-established
and
studied
group
fungi,
mainly
due
to
their
efficient
protein
production
capabilities
biocontrol
activities.
Despite
immense
interest
in
use
different
members
this
species
as
biopesticides
biofertilizers,
study
active
metabolites
biosynthetic
gene
clusters
has
not
gained
significant
attention
until
recently.
Here
we
review
challenges
opportunities
exploiting
full
potential
spp.
for
natural
products
new
metabolic
engineering
strategies
used
overcome
some
these
challenges.
Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
47(9-10), P. 623 - 657
Published: Aug. 25, 2020
Abstract
Efficient
saccharification
of
lignocellulosic
biomass
requires
concerted
development
a
pretreatment
method,
an
enzyme
cocktail
and
enzymatic
process,
all
which
are
adapted
to
the
feedstock.
Recent
years
have
shown
great
progress
in
most
aspects
overall
process.
In
particular,
increased
insights
into
contributions
wide
variety
cellulolytic
hemicellulolytic
enzymes
improved
processing
step
brought
down
costs.
Here,
we
review
major
technologies
different
process
setups
present
in-depth
discussion
various
types
that
currently
use.
We
pay
ample
attention
role
recently
discovered
lytic
polysaccharide
monooxygenases
(LPMOs),
led
renewed
interest
redox
systems
lignocellulose
processing.
Better
understanding
interplay
between
types,
as
they
may
occur
commercial
cocktail,
is
likely
key
further
improvements.
Biotechnology for Biofuels,
Journal Year:
2019,
Volume and Issue:
12(1)
Published: Oct. 8, 2019
Abstract
Biorefineries,
designed
for
the
production
of
lignocellulose-based
chemicals
and
fuels,
are
receiving
increasing
attention
from
public,
governments,
industries.
A
major
obstacle
biorefineries
to
advance
commercial
scale
is
high
cost
enzymes
required
derive
fermentable
sugars
feedstock
used.
As
summarized
in
this
review,
techno-economic
studies
suggest
co-localization
integration
enzyme
manufacturing
with
cellulosic
biorefinery
as
most
promising
alternative
alleviate
problem.
Thus,
cultivation
Trichoderma
reesei
,
principal
producer
lignocellulolytic
enzymes,
on
lignocellulosic
biomass
processed
on-site
can
reduce
manufacturing.
Further,
due
a
complex
gene
regulation
machinery,
fungus
adjust
expression
towards
characteristics
feedstock,
hydrolytic
efficiency
produced
cocktail.
Despite
extensive
research
over
decades,
underlying
regulatory
mechanisms
not
fully
elucidated.
One
aspect
that
has
received
relatively
little
literature
influence
substrate,
i.e.,
its
chemical
physical
composition,
mixture.
Considering
dependent
efficient
enzymatic
degradation
lignocellulose
continuous
supply
carbon
energy,
relationship
between
secretome
composition
be
expected.
The
aim
review
was
systematically
collect,
appraise,
aggregate
data
integrate
results
analyzing
by
T.
insoluble
model
substrates
biomass.
show
there
direct
effect
substrate’s
complexity
(rated
structure,
lignin–carbohydrate
complex,
recalcitrance
saccharification)
titers
specific
activities
secretome.
It
further
shows
process-related
factors,
such
substrate
loading
set-up,
targets
yields.
transcriptome
supports
proposed
substrate-related
factors
enzymes.
This
provides
insights
into
interrelation
which
may
help
integrated
substrate-specific
cocktails
at
scale.
Scientific Reports,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
13(1)
Published: Feb. 2, 2023
The
filamentous
fungus
Trichoderma
reesei
is
a
prolific
producer
of
plant
cell
wall
degrading
enzymes,
which
are
regulated
in
response
to
diverse
environmental
signals
for
optimal
adaptation,
but
also
produces
wide
array
secondary
metabolites.
Available
carbon
source
and
light
the
strongest
cues
currently
known
impact
secreted
enzyme
levels
an
interplay
with
regulation
metabolism
became
increasingly
obvious
recent
years.
While
cellulase
already
be
modulated
by
different
mitogen
activated
protein
kinase
(MAPK)
pathways,
relevance
signal,
transmitted
this
pathway
other
fungi
as
well,
still
unknown
T.
interconnections
chemical
communication
under
mating
conditions.
Here
we
show
that
MAPkinases
differentially
influence
darkness
Hog1
homologue
TMK3,
not
TMK1
or
TMK2
required
chemotropic
glucose
reesei.
Additionally,
regulate
production
specific
metabolites
including
trichodimerol
bisorbibutenolid,
bioactive
compound
cytostatic
effect
on
cancer
cells
deterrent
larvae,
conditions
facilitating
mating,
reflects
defect
communication.
Strains
lacking
either
become
female
sterile,
indicating
conservation
role
sexual
fertility
In
summary,
our
findings
substantiate
previously
detected
interconnection
well
involvement
dependent
gene
metabolite
genes
fungi.
Journal of Fungi,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
9(5), P. 591 - 591
Published: May 19, 2023
Organisms
have
developed
different
features
to
capture
or
sense
sunlight.
Vertebrates
evolved
specialized
organs
(eyes)
which
contain
a
variety
of
photosensor
cells
that
help
them
see
the
light
aid
orientation.
Opsins
are
major
photoreceptors
found
in
vertebrate
eye.
Fungi,
with
more
than
five
million
estimated
members,
represent
an
important
clade
living
organisms
functions
for
sustainability
life
on
our
planet.
Light
signalling
regulates
range
developmental
and
metabolic
processes
including
asexual
sporulation,
sexual
fruit
body
formation,
pigment
carotenoid
production
even
secondary
metabolites.
Fungi
adopted
three
groups
photoreceptors:
(I)
blue
receptors,
White
Collars,
vivid,
cryptochromes,
F
proteins
DNA
photolyases,
(II)
red
sensors,
phytochromes
(III)
green
sensors
microbial
rhodopsins.
Most
mechanistic
data
were
elucidated
roles
Collar
Complex
(WCC)
fungal
kingdom.
The
WCC
acts
as
both
photoreceptor
transcription
factor
by
binding
target
genes,
whereas
phytochrome
initiates
cascade
using
mitogen-activated
protein
kinases
elicit
its
cellular
responses.
Although
mechanism
photoreception
has
been
studied
great
detail,
not
compared
vision.
Therefore,
this
review
will
mainly
focus
findings
derived
from
two
model
organisms,
namely
Aspergillus
nidulans
Neurospora
crassa
comparison
some
mechanisms
Our
be
way
is
translated
into
changes
gene
expression,
influences
morphogenesis
metabolism
fungi.
Sustainability,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
12(18), P. 7704 - 7704
Published: Sept. 18, 2020
The
aim
of
this
study
was
to
test
rye
straw,
bran
and
oat
hydrolysates
as
substrates
for
growth
the
yeast
Yarrowia
lipolytica,
a
microorganism
known
have
large
biotechnological
potential.
First,
after
combined
process
acid-enzymatic
hydrolysis,
concentration
composition
fermentable
monosaccharides
in
obtained
were
analyzed.
Glucose
main
sugar,
followed
by
xylose
arabinose.
Rye
hydrolysate
had
highest
sugar
content—80.8
g/L.
results
showed
that
able
grow
on
low-cost
medium
produce
biomass
could
be
used
feed
form
single
cell
protein.
grown
over
9
g/L
120
h,
with
total
yield
productivity
values
0.141
g/g
0.078
g/h,
respectively.
protein
contents
range
30.5–44.5%
dry
weight.
Results
from
Y.
lipolytica
cultivated
high
content
exogenous
amino
acid
(leucine
3.38
g,
lysine
2.93
threonine
2.31
g/100
g
mass)
spectrum
unsaturated
fatty
predominantly
oleic
acid—59.28%.
In
conclusion,
these
demonstrate
lignocellulosic
agricultural
waste,
efficiently
converted
feed-related
biomass.
Environmental Microbiology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
24(1), P. 324 - 340
Published: Jan. 1, 2022
Rhizosphere
microbiome
adapts
their
structural
compositions
to
water
scarcity
and
have
the
potential
mitigate
drought
stress
of
plants.
To
unlock
this
potential,
it
is
crucial
understand
community
responses
in
interplay
between
soil
properties,
management
exogenous
microbes
interference.
Inoculation
with
dark
septate
endophytes
(DSE)
(Acrocalymma
vagum,
Paraboeremia
putaminum)
Trichoderma
viride
on
Astragalus
mongholicus
grown
non-sterile
was
exposed
drought.
were
assessed
by
Illumina
MiSeq
sequencing
16S
ITS2
rRNA
genes.
positively
affected
plant
growth
depending
DSE
species
regime.
Ascomycota,
Proteobacteria,
Actinobacteria,
Chloroflexi
Firmicutes
dominant
phyla.
The
effects
dual
inoculation
bacterial
greater
than
those
fungal
community,
combination
P.
putaminum
T.
exerted
a
stronger
impact
under
stress.
observed
changes
factors
caused
could
be
explained
variations
composition.
mediated
exhibited
distinct
preferences
for
various
parameters.
These
findings
suggest
that
enriched
beneficial
microbiota,
altered
nutrient
status
might
contribute
enhance
cultivation
medicinal
plants
dryland
agriculture.
