The Role of Dopamine in the Pathophysiology of Depression

Archives of General Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2007, Volume and Issue: 64(3), P. 327 - 327

Published: March 1, 2007

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Language: Английский

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Physical Health Monitoring of Patients With Schizophrenia

American Journal of Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2004, Volume and Issue: 161(8), P. 1334 - 1349

Published: July 30, 2004

Schizophrenia is associated with several chronic physical illnesses and a shorter life expectancy, compared expectancy in the general population. One approach to improving health of patients schizophrenia improve monitoring that occurs psychiatric settings. The authors discuss consensus panel's recommendations for who are treated outpatient settings.A meeting including other medical experts assembled on October 17-18, 2002, evaluate existing literature develop schizophrenia. Conference participants reviewed following areas: 1) weight gain obesity; 2) diabetes; 3) hyperlipidemia; 4) prolongation QT interval ECG; 5) prolactin elevation related sexual side effects; 6) extrapyramidal effects, akathisia, tardive dyskinesia; 7) cataracts; 8) myocarditis. Experts each topic area formulated were discussed by all until was reached.Consensus included regular body mass index, plasma glucose level, lipid profiles, signs or dysfunction. Information from should guide selection antipsychotic agents. Specific made cardiac receive medications prolongation, thioridazine, mesoridazine, ziprasidone, myocarditis clozapine. Patients both first- second-generation be examined symptoms dyskinesia. visual examinations.The conference recommended mental care providers perform typically primary settings their do not those This change usual practice basis participants' belief this additional will result earlier detection common, serious risk factors could, without intervention, contribute impaired

Language: Английский

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Dopamine: Functions, Signaling, and Association with Neurological Diseases

Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 39(1), P. 31 - 59

Published: Nov. 16, 2018

Language: Английский

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Advances in the Treatment of Prolactinomas

Endocrine Reviews, Journal Year: 2006, Volume and Issue: 27(5), P. 485 - 534

Published: May 26, 2006

Prolactinomas account for approximately 40% of all pituitary adenomas and are an important cause hypogonadism infertility. The ultimate goal therapy prolactinomas is restoration or achievement eugonadism through the normalization hyperprolactinemia control tumor mass. Medical with dopamine agonists highly effective in majority cases represents mainstay therapy. Recent data indicating successful withdrawal these agents a subset patients challenge previously held concept that medical lifelong requirement. Complicated situations, such as those encountered resistance to agonists, pregnancy, giant malignant prolactinomas, may require multimodal involving surgery, radiotherapy, both. Progress elucidating mechanisms underlying pathogenesis enable future development novel molecular therapies treatment-resistant cases. This review provides critical analysis efficacy safety various modes available treatment emphasis on challenging discussion regarding therapy, foreshadowing approaches become future.

Language: Английский

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Sexual Differentiation, Pregnancy, Calorie Restriction, and Aging Affect the Adipocyte-Specific Secretory Protein Adiponectin

Diabetes, Journal Year: 2003, Volume and Issue: 52(2), P. 268 - 276

Published: Feb. 1, 2003

Adiponectin or adipocyte complement-related protein of 30 kDa (Acrp30) is a circulating produced exclusively in adipocytes. Circulating Acrp30 levels have been associated with insulin sensitivity adult mice and humans, yet the profile over lifespan its hormonal regulation vivo not previously described. Hence, we set forth to determine whether metabolic changes sexual maturation, reproduction, aging, calorie restriction affect Acrp30. In mice, increase during maturation by 4-fold males 10-fold females. Neonatal castration (CX) allows adults reach female levels. CX does lead unless glucocorticoid exposure elevated simultaneously implant. Ovariectomy infant interfere pubertal rise However, ovariectomy increases Estrogen suppressed 3T3-L1 parallel estrogen action, decreased late gestation but increased both calorie-restricted old (anovulatory) mice. The reduction lactating dams consistent suppressive effect prolactin stimulating bromocriptine. summary, serum are under complex control may play key role determining systemic respective conditions.

Language: Английский

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What Can We Learn from Rodents about Prolactin in Humans?

Endocrine Reviews, Journal Year: 2007, Volume and Issue: 29(1), P. 1 - 41

Published: Dec. 5, 2007

Prolactin (PRL) is a 23-kDa protein hormone that binds to single-span membrane receptor, member of the cytokine receptor superfamily, and exerts its action via several interacting signaling pathways. PRL multifunctional affects multiple reproductive metabolic functions also involved in tumorigenicity. In addition being classical pituitary hormone, humans produced by many tissues throughout body where it acts as cytokine. The objective this review compare contrast aspects PRL, from structure regulation, physiology pathology rats, mice, humans. At each juncture, questions are raised whether, or what extent, data rodents relevant homeostasis Most current knowledge on has been obtained studies with rats and, more recently, use transgenic mice. Although information indispensable for understanding human health disease, there sufficient disparity control production, distribution, physiological among these species warrant careful judicial extrapolation

Language: Английский

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Molecular interrogation of hypothalamic organization reveals distinct dopamine neuronal subtypes

Nature Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 20(2), P. 176 - 188

Published: Dec. 19, 2016

Language: Английский

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Impact of Stress on Cancer Metastasis

Future Oncology, Journal Year: 2010, Volume and Issue: 6(12), P. 1863 - 1881

Published: Dec. 13, 2010

The influence of psychosocial factors on the development and progression cancer has been a longstanding hypothesis since ancient times. In fact, epidemiological clinical studies over past 30 years have provided strong evidence for links between chronic stress, depression social isolation progression. By contrast, there is only limited role these behavioral in initiation. Recent cellular molecular identified specific signaling pathways that impact growth metastasis. This article provides an overview relationship factors, specifically

Language: Английский

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Cerebral perturbations provoked by prolonged exercise

Progress in Neurobiology, Journal Year: 2004, Volume and Issue: 72(4), P. 223 - 261

Published: March 1, 2004

Language: Английский

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Prolactin and dopamine: What is the connection? A Review Article

Journal of Psychopharmacology, Journal Year: 2008, Volume and Issue: 22(2_suppl), P. 12 - 19

Published: March 1, 2008

Dopamine (DA) holds a predominant role in the regulation of prolactin (PRL) secretion. Through direct effect on anterior pituitary lactotrophs, DA inhibits basally high-secretory tone cell. It accomplishes this by binding to D2 receptors expressed cell membrane lactotroph, activation which results reduction PRL exocytosis and gene expression variety intracellular signalling mechanisms. The hypothalamic dopaminergic neurons, provide gland, are themselves regulated feedback from through short-loop mechanism . A other modulators secretion act at level either disinhibition (e.g. serotonin, GABA, oestrogens opioids) or reinforcing it substance P). All typical antipsychotic medications associated with sustained hyperprolactinaemia due their high affinity for receptor slow dissociation once bound, but atypicals differ quite dramatically propensity cause prolonged levels. Of those that elevation, main causative factor appears be higher peripheral-to-central dopamine potency parent drug its active metabolite risperidone, 9-hydroxy-risperidone amisulpride). Antipsychotics easily cross blood—brain barrier exhibit fast bound do not result hyperprolactinaemia.

Language: Английский

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