Cyclic Decidualization of the Human Endometrium in Reproductive Health and Failure

Endocrine Reviews, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 35(6), P. 851 - 905

Published: Aug. 20, 2014

Decidualization denotes the transformation of endometrial stromal fibroblasts into specialized secretory decidual cells that provide a nutritive and immunoprivileged matrix essential for embryo implantation placental development. In contrast to most mammals, decidualization human endometrium does not require implantation. Instead, this process is driven by postovulatory rise in progesterone levels increasing local cAMP production. response falling levels, spontaneous causes menstrual shedding cyclic regeneration endometrium. A growing body evidence indicates shift from embryonic maternal control represents pivotal evolutionary adaptation challenge posed invasive chromosomally diverse embryos. This concept predicated on ability decidualizing respond individual embryos manner either promotes further development or facilitates early rejection. Furthermore, menstruation involves stem cell recruitment renders intrinsically capable adapting its maximize reproductive success. Here we review endocrine, paracrine, autocrine cues tightly govern differentiation process. activation various signaling pathways genome-wide chromatin remodeling, evolutionarily conserved transcriptional factors gain access decidua-specific regulatory circuitry. Once initiated, poised transit through distinct phenotypic phases underpin receptivity, selection, and, ultimately, resolution pregnancy. We discuss how disorders subvert programming, initiation, progression compromise health predispose pregnancy failure.

Language: Английский

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House Dust Concentrations of Organophosphate Flame Retardants in Relation to Hormone Levels and Semen Quality Parameters

Environmental Health Perspectives, Journal Year: 2009, Volume and Issue: 118(3), P. 318 - 323

Published: Nov. 13, 2009

Organophosphate (OP) compounds, such as tris(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TDCPP) and triphenyl (TPP), are commonly used additive flame retardants plasticizers in a wide range of materials. Although widespread human exposure to OP is likely, there lack animal data on potential health effects.We explored relationships TDCPP TPP concentrations house dust with hormone levels semen quality parameters.We analyzed from 50 men recruited through U.S. infertility clinic for TPP. Relationships reproductive thyroid levels, well parameters, were assessed using crude multivariable linear regression.TDCPP detected 96% 98% samples, respectively, widely varying up 1.8 mg/g. In models adjusted age body mass index, an interquartile (IQR) increase was associated 3% [95% confidence interval (CI), 5% 1%) decline free thyroxine 17% (95% CI, 432%) prolactin. There suggestive inverse association between androgen index that became less evident models. the models, IQR 10% 219%) prolactin 19% 30% 5%) decrease sperm concentration.OP may be altered decreased men. More research sources outcomes needed.

Language: Английский

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Serotonin regulates pancreatic beta cell mass during pregnancy

Nature Medicine, Journal Year: 2010, Volume and Issue: 16(7), P. 804 - 808

Published: June 27, 2010

Language: Английский

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Bisphenol A at Environmentally Relevant Doses Inhibits Adiponectin Release from Human Adipose Tissue Explants and Adipocytes

Environmental Health Perspectives, Journal Year: 2008, Volume and Issue: 116(12), P. 1642 - 1647

Published: Aug. 14, 2008

The incidence of obesity has risen dramatically over the last few decades. This epidemic may be affected by exposure to xenobiotic chemicals. Bisphenol A (BPA), an endocrine disruptor, is detectable at nanomolar levels in human serum worldwide. Adiponectin adipocyte-specific hormone that increases insulin sensitivity and reduces tissue inflammation. Thus, any factor suppresses adiponectin release could lead resistance increased susceptibility obesity-associated diseases.In this study we aimed compare a) effects low doses BPA estradiol (E(2)) on secretion from breast, subcutaneous, visceral adipose explants mature adipocytes, b) expression putative estrogen estrogen-related receptors (ERRs) these tissues.We determined conditioned media or adipocytes enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay. We (ERs) alpha beta, G-protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30), ERRs alpha, gamma quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.BPA 0.1 1 nM suppressed all depots examined. Despite substantial variability among patients, was as effective, often more than equimolar concentrations E(2). Adipose expresses similar mRNA ERalpha, ERbeta, ERRgamma, 20- 30-fold lower GPR30, ERRalpha, ERRbeta.BPA environmentally relevant inhibits a key adipokine protects humans metabolic syndrome. mechanism which involved remains determined.

Language: Английский

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Prolactin: A Pleiotropic Neuroendocrine Hormone

Journal of Neuroendocrinology, Journal Year: 2008, Volume and Issue: 20(6), P. 752 - 763

Published: June 1, 2008

The neuroendocrine control of prolactin secretion is unlike that any other pituitary hormone. It predominantly inhibited by the hypothalamus and, in absence a regulatory feedback hormone, it acts directly brain to suppress its own secretion. In addition this short‐loop action brain, has been reported influence wide range functions. There have few attempts rationalise why single hormone might exert such distinct and seemingly unrelated review, we highlight some original studies first characterised unusual features neuroendocrinology, then attempt identify areas new progress and/or controversy. Finally, discuss hypothesis provides unifying explanation for pleiotrophic actions brain.

Language: Английский

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60 YEARS OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY: The hypothalamo-prolactin axis

Journal of Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 226(2), P. T101 - T122

Published: June 22, 2015

The hypothalamic control of prolactin secretion is different from other anterior pituitary hormones, in that it predominantly inhibitory, by means dopamine the tuberoinfundibular neurons. In addition, does not have an endocrine target tissue, and therefore lacks classical feedback pathway to regulate its secretion. Instead, regulated short loop feedback, whereby itself acts brain stimulate production thereby inhibit own Finally, despite relatively simple name, has a broad range functions body, addition defining role promoting lactation. As such, hypothalamo-prolactin axis many characteristics are quite distinct hypothalamo-pituitary systems. This review will provide brief overview our current understanding neuroendocrine secretion, particular focusing on plasticity evident this system, which keeps at low levels most time, but enables extended periods hyperprolactinemia when necessary for Key beyond milk be discussed, particularly inducing adaptive responses multiple systems facilitate lactation, consequences if action impaired. A feature pleiotropic activity may lactating state might maladaptive elevated inappropriately. Overall, my goal give flavour both history field neuroendocrinology, identify some exciting new areas research development.

Language: Английский

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Dynamic Analysis of Stochastic Transcription Cycles

PLoS Biology, Journal Year: 2011, Volume and Issue: 9(4), P. e1000607 - e1000607

Published: April 12, 2011

In individual mammalian cells the expression of some genes such as prolactin is highly variable over time and has been suggested to occur in stochastic pulses. To investigate origins this behavior understand its functional relevance, we quantitatively analyzed variability using new mathematical tools that allowed us reconstruct dynamic transcription rates different reporter controlled by identical promoters same living cell. Quantitative microscopic analysis two genes, firefly luciferase destabilized EGFP, was used analyze dynamics promoter-directed gene clonal primary pituitary periods up 25 h. We quantified time-dependence cyclicity pulses estimated length variation active inactive phases. showed an average cycle period approximately 11 h demonstrated while measured distribution phases agreed with commonly accepted models transcription, were differently distributed strong memory, a refractory transcriptional inactivation close 3 Cycles occurred at distinct prolactin-promoter or cells. However, timing cycles independent out-of-phase. For first time, have from equivalent loci real-time single unstimulated conditions, each locus. A key result these analyses evidence for minimum inactive-phase transcription. The response acute signals manipulation histone acetylation consistent hypothesis corresponded phase chromatin remodeling which significantly increased cyclicity. Stochastically timed bursts apparently random subset tissue may thus produce overall coordinated but heterogeneous phenotype capable responses stimuli.

Language: Английский

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Prolactin — a pleiotropic factor in health and disease

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 15(6), P. 356 - 365

Published: March 21, 2019

Language: Английский

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New insights in prolactin: pathological implications

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. 265 - 275

Published: March 17, 2015

Language: Английский

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Hormone concentrations throughout uncomplicated pregnancies: a longitudinal study

BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: July 4, 2016

Evidence suggests that the hormonal milieu of pregnancy is an important determinant subsequent cancer and other chronic diseases in both mother offspring. Many existing maternity birth cohorts include specimens drawn only once during pregnancy. How well a single blood specimen collected characterizes exposure to these hormones throughout gestation, also pregnancies, not understood. We used serial serum samples from 71 pregnant women (25 primiparous, 25 multiparous, 21 with two consecutive pregnancies) natural, complication-free pregnancies healthy offspring at term who participated population-based screening trial for congenital infections Finland between January 1st, 1988 June 30, 1989 provided sample each trimester. Hormone levels were more strongly correlated trimesters than 1st 3rd trimester (e.g., estradiol, rT1 vs. T2 = 0.51 rT2 T3 0.60, p < 0.01; 0.32, 0.05). Concentrations sRANKL remained stable whereas estrone, progesterone, testosterone, prolactin, osteoprotegerin increased First hormone concentrations explained less variation third on their own second (e.g. estradiol R2 T1 16 % 42 %). Addition maternal smoking) and/or child characteristics sex) improved accuracy estimates some hormones. One measurement early pregnancy, conjunction fetal characteristics, permits estimation concentrations. Therefore, measurements available are suitable quantify To our knowledge, we provide first data correlations across as pregnancies.

Language: Английский

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