Hormonal axes in Drosophila: regulation of hormone release and multiplicity of actions

Cell and Tissue Research, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 382(2), P. 233 - 266

Published: Aug. 22, 2020

Hormones regulate development, as well many vital processes in the daily life of an animal. Many these hormones are peptides that act at a higher hierarchical level animal with roles organizers globally orchestrate metabolism, physiology and behavior. Peptide can on multiple peripheral targets simultaneously convey basal states, such metabolic status sleep-awake or arousal across central neuronal circuits. Thereby, they coordinate responses to changing internal external environments. The activity neurosecretory cells is controlled either by (1) cell autonomous sensors, (2) other neurons relay signals from sensors tissues (3) feedback target cells. Thus, hormonal signaling axis commonly comprises several components. In mammals vertebrates, axes known, hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid reproduction respectively. It has been proposed basic organization evolutionarily old cellular homologs hypothalamic-pituitary system be found for instance insects. To obtain appreciation similarities between insect vertebrate axes, we review systems Drosophila. Our outlines major peptidergic pathways known Drosophila presents set schemes orchestrating systems. detailed larval adult displays only very those arthropods vertebrates.

Language: Английский

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Ca²⁺ excitability of glia to neuromodulator octopamine in Drosophila living brain is greater than that of neurons

Acta Physiologica, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 241(2)

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Octopamine in the Drosophila brain has a neuromodulatory role similar to that of noradrenaline mammals. After release from Tdc2 neurons, octopamine/tyramine may trigger intracellular Ca We expressed Octopamine-stimulated In optic lobes, astrocytes, not appear be sole responders low concentration octopamine signals, and therefore likely drive synaptic plasticity visual processing. Given interconnectivity lobes with other regions, octopaminergic signals acting through lobe astrocytes also influence higher-order functions including learning memory.

Language: Английский

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Neurochemical Correlates of Speed-Accuracy Trade-Off During Individual and Social Learning in Honey bees

Journal of Insect Behavior, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 38(1)

Published: Jan. 23, 2025

Language: Английский

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Nutritional state-dependent modulation of insulin-producing cells in Drosophila

eLife, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 29, 2025

Insulin plays a key role in metabolic homeostasis. Drosophila insulin-producing cells (IPCs) are functional analogues of mammalian pancreatic beta and release insulin directly into circulation. To investigate the vivo dynamics IPC activity, we quantified effects nutritional internal state changes on IPCs using electrophysiological recordings. We found that strongly modulates activity. activity decreased with increasing periods starvation. Refeeding flies glucose or fructose, two nutritive sugars, significantly increased whereas non-nutritive sugars had no effect. In contrast to feeding, perfusion did not affect This was reminiscent incretin effect, where ingestion drives higher than intravenous application. Contrary IPCs, Diuretic hormone 44-expressing neurons pars intercerebralis (DH44 PI Ns) responded perfusion. Functional connectivity experiments demonstrated these DH44 Ns do while other DH44Ns inhibit them. Hence, populations autonomously systemically sugar-sensing work parallel maintain Accordingly, activating small, satiety-like effect food-searching behavior reduced starvation-induced hyperactivity, hyperactivity. Taken together, demonstrate an integral part modulatory network orchestrates homeostasis adaptive response shifts state.

Language: Английский

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A tyramine receptor gene LsTAR2 is involved in reproduction and feeding in the small brown planthopper Laodelphax striatellus

Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 209, P. 106335 - 106335

Published: Feb. 18, 2025

Language: Английский

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Physiological Roles of Serotonin in Bivalves: Possible Interference by Environmental Chemicals Resulting in Neuroendocrine Disruption

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Feb. 25, 2022

Contaminants of Emerging Concerns (CECs) are defined as chemicals not commonly monitored in aquatic ecosystems, but with the potential to cause adverse effects on biota. CECs include Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) and Neuro-Endocrine disruptors (NEDs) vertebrates. However, most invertebrates only rely neuroendocrine systems maintain homeostatic processes. Although conserved components have been characterized ecologically relevant groups, limited knowledge invertebrate neuroendocrinology makes it difficult define EDCs NEDs species. The monoamine serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) acts both a neurotransmitter peripheral hormone mammals. In molluscs, 5-HT is involved multiple physiological roles molecular serotonergic system identified. This review focused bivalve molluscs. Bivalves widespread all environments, estuarine coastal areas particular, where they exposed variety chemicals. bivalves, gametogenesis spawning, oocyte maturation sperm motility, regulates heart function, gill ciliary beating, mantle/siphon ''catch'' state smooth muscle immune responses. Components transduction (receptors signaling pathways) being identified several Different shown affect system. particularly applies antidepressants, among detected human pharmaceuticals environment. selective reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) frequently seawater tissues. Information available mechanisms action SSRIs adult bivalves summarized. Data also reported development pathways early larval stages, particular model marine mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Overall, data point at sensitive target for disruption bivalves. results contribute drawing Adverse Outcome Pathways (AOPs) larvae adults. basic research still needed evaluate impact key groups ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Octopamine mediates sugar relief from a chronic-stress-induced depression-like state in Drosophila

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 32(18), P. 4048 - 4056.e3

Published: July 31, 2022

Language: Английский

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Octopamine and tyramine signalling in Aedes aegypti: Molecular characterization and insight into potential physiological roles

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 18(2), P. e0281917 - e0281917

Published: Feb. 16, 2023

In insects, the biogenic amines octopamine (OA) and tyramine (TA) are involved in controlling several physiological behavioural processes. OA TA act as neurotransmitters, neuromodulators or neurohormones, performing their functions by binding to specific receptors belonging G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) superfamily. along with reproduction, smell perception, metabolism, homeostasis. Moreover, targets for insecticides antiparasitic agents, such formamidine Amitraz. dengue yellow fever vector, Aedes aegypti , limited research has been reported on receptors. Here, we identify molecularly characterize A . Bioinformatic tools were used four three genome of The seven expressed all developmental stages ; however, highest transcript abundance is observed adult. Among adult tissues examined, including central nervous system, antennae rostrum, midgut, Malpighian tubules, ovaries, testes, type 2 (TAR2) most abundant ovaries 3 (TAR3) enriched leading us propose putative roles these reproduction diuresis, respectively. Furthermore, a blood meal influenced expression patterns female at time points post meal, suggesting may play key associated feeding. To better understand signalling profiles enzymes biosynthetic pathway, namely tyrosine decarboxylase ( Tdc ) β-hydroxylase Tβh ), examined stages, tissues, brains from blood-fed females. These findings provide information understanding OA, TA, additionally, help development novel strategies control human disease vectors.

Language: Английский

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She’s got nerve: roles of octopamine in insect female reproduction

Journal of Neurogenetics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 35(3), P. 132 - 153

Published: April 28, 2021

The biogenic monoamine octopamine (OA) is a crucial regulator of invertebrate physiology and behavior. Since its discovery in the 1950s octopus salivary glands, OA has been implicated many biological processes among diverse lineages. It can act as neurotransmitter, neuromodulator neurohormone variety contexts, mediate including feeding, sleep, locomotion, flight, learning, memory, aggression. Here, we focus on roles female reproduction insects. produced octopaminergic neurons that innervate reproductive tract (RT). exerts effects by binding to receptors throughout RT generate tissue- region-specific outcomes. signaling regulates oogenesis, ovulation, sperm storage, behaviors response female's internal state external conditions. Mating profoundly changes system interacts with, modified by, male molecules transferred during mating elicit subset post-mating changes. role best characterized fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster, our discussion this species but include other insect whenever relevant. We conclude proposing areas for future research further understanding OA's involvement

Language: Английский

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Genome‐wide transcriptomic changes reveal the genetic pathways involved in insect migration

Molecular Ecology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 31(16), P. 4332 - 4350

Published: July 8, 2022

Insects are capable of extraordinary feats long-distance movement that have profound impacts on the function terrestrial ecosystems. The ability to undertake these movements arose multiple times through evolution a suite traits make up migratory syndrome, however underlying genetic pathways involved remain poorly understood. Migratory hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) an emerging model group for studies migration. They seasonal in huge numbers across large parts globe and important pollinators, biological control agents decomposers. Here, we assembled high-quality draft genome marmalade hoverfly (Episyrphus balteatus). We leveraged this genomic resource genome-wide transcriptomic comparison actively migrating Episyrphus, captured from high mountain pass as they flew south overwinter, with transcriptomes summer forms which were non-migratory. identified 1543 genes very strong evidence differential expression. Interrogation gene set reveals remarkable range roles metabolism, muscle structure function, hormonal regulation, immunity, stress resistance, flight feeding behaviour, longevity, reproductive diapause sensory perception. These features migrant phenotype arisen by integration modification such insulin signalling JAK/SAT those leading octopamine production fuelling boost capabilities. Our results provide powerful future research, paint comprehensive picture global expression changes insect, identifying key components life-history strategy.

Language: Английский

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