Synergistic Responses Conferred by Concurrent Optical and Magnetic Stimulation are Attenuated by Simultaneous Exposure to Streptomycin: An Aminoglycoside Antibiotic Dilemma

Published: June 7, 2024

Concurrent Optical and Magnetic Stimulation (COMS) combines extremely low frequency electromagnetic light stimulation modalities for enhanced wound healing. In this report, we investigated the potential mechanistic synergism between magnetic components by comparing their individual combined cellular responses. Although each mode was capable of stimulating cell proliferation, fields exposure alone produced greater proliferation enhancement than alone, yet effects were supra-additive Reactive oxygen species incrementally reduced to light, magnetics combination, where statistical significance ultimately achieved. On other hand, ATP production significantly in response or combination with light. These results suggest that mitochondrial respiratory efficiency preferentially improved two stimuli. Protein expression related combinatory COMS modality as protein levels TRPC1 cation channel previously implicated part a calcium-mitochondrial signaling axis invoked involved proliferation. corroborate facilitates functional impinge on mitochondria-dependent developmental The aminoglycoside antibiotics (AGAs) have been shown antagonize TRPC1-mediated magnetotransduction. Streptomycin applied during any modes enhancement, whereas streptomycin added after did not. Notably, field partially overcoming antagonism Transductional combinatorial photon-electromagnetic thus aligns previous studies showing AGAs block magnetotransduction when exposure. prophylactic usage (neomycin) should be avoided therapy maintain clinical efficacy would common concern most regenerative paradigms.

Language: Английский

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All Light, Everywhere? Photoreceptors at Nonconventional Sites

Physiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 39(1), P. 30 - 43

Published: Oct. 31, 2023

One of the biggest environmental alterations we have made to our species is change in exposure light. During day, typically sit behind glass windows illuminated by artificial light that >400 times dimmer and has a very different spectrum than natural daylight. On opposite end are nights now lit up several orders magnitude. This review aims provide food for thought as why this matters humans other animals. Evidence from behavioral neuroscience, physiology, chronobiology, molecular biology increasingly converging on conclusions biological nonvisual functions photosensory molecules highly complex. The initial work von Frisch extraocular photoreceptors fish, identification rhodopsins receptors animal eyes eye-like structures cryptochromes sensors nonmammalian still allowed impression reception would be relatively restricted, localized sense most However, light-sensitive processes and/or sensory proteins been many cell types tissues. It might necessary consider nonlight-responding cells exception, rather rule.

Language: Английский

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Concurrent Optical- and Magnetic-Stimulation-Induced Changes on Wound Healing Parameters, Analyzed by Hyperspectral Imaging: An Exploratory Case Series

Bioengineering, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 10(7), P. 750 - 750

Published: June 23, 2023

The effects of concurrent optical and magnetic stimulation (COMS) therapy on wound-healing-related parameters, such as tissue oxygenation water index, were analyzed by hyperspectral imaging: an exploratory case series. Background: Oedema inadequate perfusion have been identified key factors in delayed wound healing linked to reduced mitochondrial respiration. Targeting dysfunction is a promising approach the treatment refractory wounds. This sub-study aimed investigate oedema through measuring using imaging. Patients methods: In multi-center, prospective, comparative clinical trial, eleven patients with chronic leg foot ulcers treated COMS additively Standard Care (SOC). Hyperspectral images collected during patient visits before after assess short- long-term hemodynamic immunomodulatory changes index. Results: average time for onset was 183 days, 64% them being considered unresponsive SOC. At week 12, rate near-complete complete closure 45%, respectively. SOC resulted increased short-term over 8-week phase, oxygen levels decreasing in-between visits. study further found decrease content therapy, general accumulation study’s analysis hindered lack absolute values imaging dynamic nature parameters visits, resulting high interpatient intervisit variability. Conclusions: showed that adjunct had positive effect inflammation wounds various etiologies. These results supported body evidence safety effectiveness option, especially stagnant tended stay inflammatory phase required efficient transition towards healing.

Language: Английский

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Diurnal and circadian regulation of opsin-like transcripts in the eyeless cnidarian Hydra

BioMolecular Concepts, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Abstract Opsins play a key role in the ability to sense light both image-forming vision and non-visual photoreception (NVP). These modalities, most animal phyla, share photoreceptor protein: an opsin-based protein binding light-sensitive chromophore by lysine (Lys) residue. So far, visual opsins have been discovered throughout Metazoa including photoresponsive Hydra , eyeless cnidarian considered evolutionary sister species bilaterians. To verify whether influences modulates opsin gene expression we utilized four sequence tags, similar two classic (SW rhodopsin SW blue-sensitive opsin) (melanopsin peropsin), investigating patterns during diurnal circadian time, means of quantitative RT-PCR. The levels all genes fluctuated along hours cycle with respect darkness one and, constant dark condition cycle, they increased. monophasic behavior L12:D12 turned into triphasic profile continuous condition. Consequently, while opsin-like revealed close dependence on hours, highest transcript were found darkness, leading us novel hypothesis that “internal” biological rhythm autonomously supplies time. In conclusion, rhythms apparently regulate so-called opsins, as already demonstrated higher invertebrate vertebrate species. Our data confirm is suitable model for studying ancestral precursor NVP, providing useful hints evolution photosensory systems.

Language: Английский

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Insights into Myopia from Mouse Models

Annual Review of Vision Science, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 10(1), P. 213 - 238

Published: April 18, 2024

Animal models are critical for understanding the initiation and progression of myopia, a refractive condition that causes blurred distance vision. The prevalence myopia is rapidly increasing worldwide, increases risk developing potentially blinding diseases. Current pharmacological, optical, environmental interventions attenuate in children, but it still unclear how this occurs or these can be improved to increase their protective effects. To optimize interventions, directed mechanistic studies needed. mouse model well-suited because its well-characterized visual system genetic experimental tools available, which combined with pharmacological manipulations powerful investigations causation. This review describes aspects support use as presents genetic, significantly contribute our mechanisms underlie myopigenesis.

Language: Английский

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Synergistic Cellular Responses Conferred by Concurrent Optical and Magnetic Stimulation Are Attenuated by Simultaneous Exposure to Streptomycin: An Antibiotic Dilemma

Bioengineering, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(7), P. 637 - 637

Published: June 21, 2024

Concurrent optical and magnetic stimulation (COMS) combines extremely low-frequency electromagnetic light exposure for enhanced wound healing. We investigated the potential mechanistic synergism between components of COMS by comparing their individual combined cellular responses. Lone field produced greater enhancements in cell proliferation than alone, yet effects fields were supra-additive Reactive oxygen species incrementally reduced to light, magnetics fields, combination, wherein statistical significance was only achieved modality. By contrast, ATP production most greatly combination with indicating that mitochondrial respiratory efficiency improved plus light. Protein expression pertaining preferentially modality, as protein levels TRPC1 cation channel had been previously implicated part a calcium–mitochondrial signaling axis invoked necessary proliferation. These results indicate facilitates functional ultimately impinge on mitochondria-dependent developmental Aminoglycoside antibiotics (AGAs) have shown inhibit TRPC1-mediated magnetotransduction, whereas influence over photomodulation has not explored. Streptomycin applied during or respective enhancements, streptomycin added after did not. Magnetic modality capable partially overcoming antagonism treatment, alone The photon-electromagnetic implicates calcium entry both magnetotransduction photomodulation. Avoiding prophylactic use AGAs therapy will be crucial maintaining clinical efficacy is common concern other regenerative paradigms.

Language: Английский

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Are Aminoglycoside Antibiotics TRPing Your Metabolic Switches?

Cells, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(15), P. 1273 - 1273

Published: July 29, 2024

Transient receptor potential (TRP) channels are broadly implicated in the developmental programs of most tissues. Amongst these tissues, skeletal muscle and adipose noteworthy for being essential establishing systemic metabolic balance. TRP respond to environmental stimuli by supplying intracellular calcium that instigates enzymatic cascades consequence often impinge on mitochondrial function biogenesis. Critically, aminoglycoside antibiotics (AGAs) have been shown block capacity conduct entry into cell response a wide range biophysical nature, including mechanical, electromagnetic, thermal, chemical. Paradoxically, vitro paradigms commonly used understand organismal development may led astray conventional use streptomycin, an AGA, help prevent bacterial contamination. Accordingly, streptomycin has disrupt both vivo myogenesis, as well phenotypic switch white beige thermogenic status. In vivo, TRP-mediated calcium-dependent exercise adaptations importance metabolism. Alternatively, also curb detrimental levels leakage dystrophic through aberrantly gated TRPC1 be involved etiology X-linked muscular dystrophies. susceptible AGA antagonism critically modulating tissues that, if administered behaving animals, translate systemwide disruption. Regenerative medicine clinical communities need made aware this caveat usage seek viable alternatives, contamination or infection paradigms, respectively.

Language: Английский

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Functions of TRPs in retinal tissue in physiological and pathological conditions

Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17

Published: Sept. 25, 2024

The Transient Receptor Potential (TRP) constitutes a family of channels subdivided into seven subfamilies: Ankyrin (TRPA), Canonical (TRPC), Melastatin (TRPM), Mucolipin (TRPML), no-mechano-potential C (TRPN), Polycystic (TRPP), and Vanilloid (TRPV). Although they are structurally similar to one another, the peculiarities each subfamily key response stimuli signaling pathway that triggers. TRPs non-selective cation channels, most which permeable Ca

Language: Английский

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Müller glial cell photosensitivity: A novel function bringing higher complexity to vertebrate retinal physiology

Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13, P. 100162 - 100162

Published: Jan. 14, 2023

The retina of vertebrates is responsible for detecting and capturing ambient light image non-image forming (NIF) functions through diverse projections to the brain which regulate visual processing, pupillary responses, photic synchronization circadian rhythms suppression pineal melatonin, among others. For this, have retained evolution at least two sets photoreceptors specialized primarily in such NIF tasks: cones rods day/night vision, intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGC) together with horizontal some vertebrates, expressing melanopsin (Opn4). Interestingly, Opn4 as well encephalopsin (Opn3) neuropsin (Opn5), responding blue UV light, respectively, are expressed inner command detection range visible spectra; they a number still lacking characterization. Though most derived from ciliary or neuronal progenitor cells, recent years Müller glial (MCs), abundant cell type, been shown express different opsins (Opn3 Opn5) photoisomerase G protein-coupled receptor (RGR), respond directly light. MCs display essential maintain homeostasis survival whole retina, contributing glutamate metabolism chromophore recycling. novel photoreceptive capacity MCs, mainly region, offers several highly intriguing possibilities that increase complexity levels its light-activated circuits, calling further investigation. goal present review discuss state art research on principal macroglial focusing responses driven by biochemical mechanisms triggered after stimulation their putative implications.

Language: Английский

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Melanopsin activates divergent phototransduction pathways in intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell subtypes

eLife, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12

Published: Nov. 8, 2023

Melanopsin signaling within intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cell (ipRGC) subtypes impacts a broad range of behaviors from circadian photoentrainment to conscious visual perception. Yet, how melanopsin phototransduction M1-M6 ipRGC cellular drive diverse is still largely unresolved. The identity the channels in each subtype key understanding this central question but has remained controversial. In study, we resolve two opposing models M4 phototransduction, demonstrating that hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) are dispensable for process and providing support pathway involving melanopsin-dependent potassium channel closure canonical transient receptor potential (TRPC) opening. Surprisingly, find HCN likewise M2 contradicting current model. We instead show requires TRPC conjunction with T-type voltage-gated calcium channels, identifying novel target. Collectively, work resolves discrepancies our pathways multiple adds mounting evidence employ cascades fine-tune responses downstream behaviors.

Language: Английский

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