Disease Markers,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
2022, P. 1 - 10
Published: June 24, 2022
The
eye
is
one
of
the
most
important
organs
human
body.
Eye
diseases
are
closely
related
to
other
systemic
diseases,
both
which
influence
each
other.
Numerous
lead
special
clinical
manifestations
and
complications
in
eyes.
Typical
include
diabetic
retinopathy,
hypertensive
thyroid
associated
ophthalmopathy,
optic
neuromyelitis,
Behcet’s
disease.
Systemic
disease-related
ophthalmopathy
usually
a
chronic
disease,
analysis
imaging
markers
helpful
for
comprehensive
diagnosis
these
diseases.
Recently,
artificial
intelligence
(AI)
technology
based
on
deep
learning
has
rapidly
developed,
leading
numerous
achievements
arousing
widespread
concern.
Presently,
AI
made
significant
progress
research
ophthalmopathy;
however,
there
also
many
limitations
challenges.
This
article
reviews
achievements,
limitations,
future
prospects
image
ophthalmopathy.
Medicina,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
60(4), P. 527 - 527
Published: March 23, 2024
Artificial
intelligence
(AI)
has
emerged
as
a
transformative
tool
in
the
field
of
ophthalmology,
revolutionizing
disease
diagnosis
and
management.
This
paper
provides
comprehensive
overview
AI
applications
various
retinal
diseases,
highlighting
its
potential
to
enhance
screening
efficiency,
facilitate
early
diagnosis,
improve
patient
outcomes.
Herein,
we
elucidate
fundamental
concepts
AI,
including
machine
learning
(ML)
deep
(DL),
their
application
underscoring
significance
AI-driven
solutions
addressing
complexity
variability
diseases.
Furthermore,
delve
into
specific
diseases
such
diabetic
retinopathy
(DR),
age-related
macular
degeneration
(AMD),
Macular
Neovascularization,
prematurity
(ROP),
vein
occlusion
(RVO),
hypertensive
(HR),
Retinitis
Pigmentosa,
Stargardt
disease,
best
vitelliform
dystrophy,
sickle
cell
retinopathy.
We
focus
on
current
landscape
technologies,
models,
performance
metrics,
clinical
implications.
aim
address
challenges
pitfalls
associated
with
integration
practice,
“black
box
phenomenon”,
biases
data
representation,
limitations
assessment.
In
conclusion,
this
review
emphasizes
collaborative
role
alongside
healthcare
professionals,
advocating
for
synergistic
approach
delivery.
It
highlights
importance
leveraging
augment,
rather
than
replace,
human
expertise,
thereby
maximizing
revolutionize
delivery,
mitigate
disparities,
outcomes
evolving
medicine.
Journal of Clinical Medicine,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
11(5), P. 1176 - 1176
Published: Feb. 22, 2022
Cardiovascular
diseases
(CVD)
have
a
lower
prevalence
in
women
than
men;
although,
higher
mortality
rate
and
poorer
prognosis
are
more
common
women.
However,
there
is
misperception
of
CVD
female
risk
since
commonly
been
considered
protected
so
that
the
real
threat
vastly
underestimated.
Consequently,
patients
likely
to
be
treated
less
aggressively,
diagnostic
interventional
procedures
performed
men.
In
addition,
substantial
sex
differences
CVD,
different
strategies
needed.
This
review
aims
evaluate
main
gender-specific
approaches
CVD.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
24(17), P. 13211 - 13211
Published: Aug. 25, 2023
Glaucoma
is
a
leading
cause
of
irreversible
blindness
worldwide.
While
intraocular
pressure
(IOP)
presents
major
risk
factor,
the
underlying
pathophysiology
still
remains
largely
unclear.
The
correlation
between
vascular
abnormalities
and
glaucoma
has
been
deliberated
for
decades.
Evidence
role
played
by
factors
in
pathogenesis
glaucomatous
neurodegeneration
already
postulated.
In
addition,
fact
that
causes
both
structural
functional
changes
to
retinal
blood
vessels
described.
This
review
aims
investigate
published
evidence
concerning
relationship
glaucoma,
provide
an
overview
"chicken
or
egg"
dilemma
glaucoma.
this
study,
several
biomarkers
progression
from
perspective,
including
endothelin-1
(ET-1),
nitric
oxide,
endothelial
growth
factor
(VEGF),
matrix
metalloproteinases
(MMPs),
were
identified
subsequently
assessed
their
potential
as
pharmacological
intervention
targets.
Redox Biology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
56, P. 102438 - 102438
Published: Aug. 13, 2022
Inflammation
plays
an
important
role
in
hypertensive
retinal
vascular
injury
and
subsequent
retinopathy.
Monocyte
chemotaxis
via
CXCL1-CXCR2
binding
has
been
implicated
various
cardiovascular
diseases,
but
the
function
of
signalling
involved
retinopathy,
which
was
investigated
as
angiotensin
II
(Ang
II)-induced
is
unclear.
In
our
study,
we
established
a
retinopathy
(HR)
model
by
Ang
infusion
(3000
ng/min/kg)
for
3
weeks.
To
determine
involvement
CXCR2
signalling,
used
knockout
(KO)
mice
or
C57BL/6J
wild-type
(WT)
experimental
subjects.
The
were
treated
with
CXCL1
neutralizing
antibody
SB225002
(the
specific
inhibitor).
Our
results
showed
that
after
treatment,
mRNA
levels
number
CXCR2+
inflammatory
cells
significantly
elevated.
Conversely,
unlike
IgG
control
group,
greatly
reduced
increase
central
thickness
induced
infusion,
arteriolar
remodelling,
superoxide
production,
dysfunction
WT
mice.
Furthermore,
infiltration
Iba1+
macrophages,
production
oxidative
stress,
dysfunction,
symptoms
ameliorated
KO
SB225002-treated
These
protective
effects
related
to
reduction
immune
cells,
particularly
decrease
proinflammatory
cytokine
(IL-1β,
IL-6,
TNF-ɑ,
MCP-1)
expression
II-treated
retinas.
Notably,
serum
monocytes/neutrophils
higher
HR
patients
than
healthy
controls.
conclusion,
this
study
provides
new
evidence
axis
vital
pathogenesis
selective
blockade
activation
may
be
potential
treatment
HR.
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
11
Published: March 28, 2023
As
the
only
blood
vessels
that
can
directly
be
seen
in
whole
body,
pathological
changes
retinal
are
related
to
metabolic
state
of
body
and
many
systems,
which
seriously
affect
vision
quality
life
patients.
Timely
diagnosis
treatment
key
improving
prognosis.
In
recent
years,
with
rapid
development
artificial
intelligence,
application
intelligence
ophthalmology
has
become
increasingly
extensive
in-depth,
especially
field
vascular
diseases.
Research
study
results
based
on
fundus
images
remarkable
provides
a
great
possibility
for
early
treatment.
This
paper
reviews
research
progress
diseases
(including
diabetic
retinopathy,
hypertensive
vein
occlusion,
retinopathy
prematurity,
age-related
macular
degeneration).
The
limitations
challenges
process
also
discussed.
Optical
coherence
tomography
angiography
(OCTA)
is
a
noninvasive
high-resolution
imaging
technique
for
assessing
the
retinal
vasculature
and
increasingly
used
in
various
ophthalmologic,
neuro-ophthalmologic,
neurologic
diseases.
To
date,
there
are
no
validated
consensus
criteria
quality
control
(QC)
of
OCTA.
Our
study
aimed
to
develop
OCTA
assessment.
Nutrients,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(15), P. 2481 - 2481
Published: July 31, 2024
,
commonly
known
as
Ashwagandha,
has
been
popular
for
many
years.
Numerous
studies
have
shown
that
the
extract
of
this
plant,
due
to
its
wealth
active
substances,
can
induce
anti-inflammatory,
neuroprotective,
immunomodulatory,
hepatoprotective,
cardioprotective,
anti-diabetic,
adaptogenic,
anti-arthritic,
anti-stress,
and
antimicrobial
effects.
This
review
examines
impact
Ashwagandha
on
vascular
endothelium,
inflammation,
lipid
metabolism,
cardiovascular
outcomes.
Studies
extracts
exhibit
an
anti-angiogenic
effect
by
inhibiting
endothelial
growth
factor
(VEGF)-induced
capillary
sprouting
formation
lowering
mean
density
microvessels.
Furthermore,
results
numerous
highlight
anti-inflammatory
role
extract,
action
plant
causes
a
decrease
in
expression
pro-inflammatory
cytokines.
Interestingly,
withanolides,
present
root,
ability
inhibit
differentiation
preadipocytes
into
adipocytes.
Research
also
proved
Journal of Translational Medicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
22(1)
Published: Feb. 15, 2024
Abstract
Background
Hypertension
influences
the
inflammatory
pathological
changes
in
retina.
The
function
of
inflammasomes
is
significant.
To
see
if
Sirtuin
1
(SIRT1)
regulates
angiotensin
II
(Ang
II)-induced
hypertensive
retinopathy
and
inflammation
by
modulating
NOD-like
receptor
thermal
protein
domain
associated
3
(NLRP3)
inflammasome
activation
potential
protective
effects
fucoidan
(FO)
mouse
retinal
vascular
endothelial
cells
(mRECs)
mice
Methods
diagnosis
was
made
after
three
weeks
Ang
infusion
(3000
ng/kg/min).
One
day
prior
to
commencement
infusion,
were
treatment
with
NLRP3
inhibitor
MCC950
(10
mg/kg/day,
intraperitoneal
injections)
or
FO
(300
oral
gavage).
A
blood
pressure
recorded.
Hematoxylin
eosin
(H&E)
staining
used
conduct
alterations,
dihydroethidium
bromide
(DHE)
utilized
assess
oxidative
stress
damage
retina,
fluorescence
angiography
identify
disorders
eye.
Using
immunohistochemical
labeling,
expression
found.
Reactive
mRNA
levels
retina
assessed
using
Western
blot
real-time
quantitative
polymerase
chain
reaction
(RT-qPCR).
Results
SIRT1
decrease
brought
about
infusion.
Retinopathy
dysfunction
lessened
target-induced
activation,
while
overexpression
had
opposite
impact
on
indicating
that
functions
as
an
upstream
regulator
activity.
may
improve
II,
consistent
across
both
vivo
vitro
models.
Conclusions
adversely
pathway,
which
turn
increases
II-induced
retinopathy.
mitigate
via
SIRT1/NLRP3.
This
implies
practical
approaches
management
