The Function of Florigen in the Vegetative-to-Reproductive Phase Transition in and around the Shoot Apical Meristem

Plant and Cell Physiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 65(3), P. 322 - 337

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

Abstract Plants undergo a series of developmental phases throughout their life-cycle, each characterized by specific processes. Three critical features distinguish these phases: the arrangement primordia (phyllotaxis), timing differentiation (plastochron) and characteristics lateral organs axillary meristems. Identifying unique molecular phase, determining triggers that cause transitions understanding mechanisms underlying are keys to gleaning complete plant development. During vegetative shoot apical meristem (SAM) facilitates continuous leaf stem formation, with development as hallmark. The transition reproductive phase induces significant changes in processes, driven mainly protein FT (FLOWERING LOCUS T) Arabidopsis proteins encoded orthologs, which specified ‘florigen’. These synthesized leaves transported SAM, act primary flowering signal, although its impact varies among species. Within florigen integrates other signals, culminating changes. This review explores central question how SAM. Future research may combine studies, potentially revealing florigen-induced

Language: Английский

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The Pyrus sinkiangensis Yu PsLEA4 Gene Enhances the Cold Resistance of Solanum lycopersicum

Plants, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(2), P. 180 - 180

Published: Jan. 10, 2025

Plants have large amounts of the late embryogenesis abundant protein (LEA) family proteins, which is involved in osmotic regulation. The Korla Pear (Pyrus sinkiangensis Yu) an uncommon pear species that thrives Xinjiang and can survive below-freezing conditions. We found PsLEA4 gene was more expressed after cold treatment by looking at transcriptome data Pear. In order to evaluate biological function under low-temperature stress its potential for use agricultural breeding, we cloned from Pear, made a plant overexpression vector, transformed it into tomato via Agrobacterium transformation. When exposed low temperatures, regulate proline metabolism antioxidant enzyme activity tomatoes compared wild tomatoes. Because this, transgenic are resilient temperatures produce than their counterparts. Thus, expressing has multiple advantages: (1) Improving frost resistance reducing damage. (2) Increasing crop yield. Therefore, this study provides theoretical basis role plants’ resilience as well application breeding.

Language: Английский

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BED-YOLO: An Enhanced YOLOv10n-Based Tomato Leaf Disease Detection Algorithm

Sensors, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(9), P. 2882 - 2882

Published: May 2, 2025

As an important economic crop, tomato is highly susceptible to diseases that, if not promptly managed, can severely impact yield and quality, leading significant losses. Traditional diagnostic methods rely on expert visual inspection, which only laborious but also prone subjective bias. In recent years, object detection algorithms have gained widespread application in disease due their efficiency accuracy, providing reliable technical support for crop identification. this paper, we propose improved leaf method based the YOLOv10n algorithm, named BED-YOLO. We constructed image dataset containing four common (early blight, late mold, septoria spot), with 65% of images sourced from field collections natural environments, remainder obtained publicly available PlantVillage dataset. All were annotated bounding boxes, class distribution was relatively balanced ensure stability training fairness evaluation. First, introduced a Deformable Convolutional Network (DCN) replace conventional convolution backbone network, enhancing model’s adaptability overlapping leaves, occlusions, blurred lesion edges. Second, incorporated Bidirectional Feature Pyramid (BiFPN) top FPN + PAN structure optimize feature fusion improve extraction small regions, thereby accuracy targets. Lastly, Efficient Multi-Scale Attention (EMA) mechanism integrated into C2f module enhance fusion, effectively focusing regions while reducing background noise ensuring integrity features multi-scale fusion. The experimental results demonstrated that BED-YOLO model achieved performance improvements compared original model. Precision increased 85.1% 87.2%, recall 86.3% 89.1%, mean average precision (mAP) 87.4% 91.3%. Therefore, enhancements ability, overall robustness. Notably, it exhibited stronger practical applicability, particularly testing under conditions, making suitable intelligent monitoring tasks large-scale agricultural scenarios.

Language: Английский

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A Bayesian framework for crop model calibration: A case study in the US Corn Belt

European Journal of Agronomy, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 168, P. 127650 - 127650

Published: April 25, 2025

Language: Английский

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A novel tomato interspecific (Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme and Solanum pimpinellifolium) MAGIC population facilitates trait association and candidate gene discovery in untapped exotic germplasm

Horticulture Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11(7)

Published: June 3, 2024

Abstract We developed a novel eight-way tomato multiparental advanced generation intercross (MAGIC) population to improve the accessibility of relatives genetic resources geneticists and breeders. The interspecific MAGIC (ToMAGIC) was obtained by intercrossing four accessions each Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme pimpinellifolium, which are weedy relative ancestor cultivated tomato, respectively. eight exotic ToMAGIC founders were selected based on representation diversity geographical distribution two taxa. resulting comprises 354 lines, genotyped using new 12k single primer enrichment technology panel yielded 6488 high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs). genotyping data revealed high degree homozygosity, an absence structure, balanced founder genomes. To evaluate potential population, proof concept conducted phenotyping it for fruit size, plant pigmentation, leaf morphology, earliness. Genome-wide association studies identified strong associations studied traits, pinpointing both previously candidate genes near or within linkage disequilibrium blocks. Domesticated alleles size recessive found, at low frequencies, in wild/ancestral populations. Our findings demonstrate that newly is valuable resource research offering significant identifying govern key traits tomato. lines displaying pyramiding interest could have direct applicability integration into breeding pipelines providing untapped variation breeding.

Language: Английский

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Temperatures above 30 ^o C decrease leaf growth in strawberry under global warming

The Journal of Horticultural Science and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 99(5), P. 507 - 530

Published: June 6, 2024

Productivity in strawberry is dependent on carbon assimilation the leaves. The main scenarios for climate change include an increase concentration of CO2 atmosphere and temperature. This review examined relationship between leaf growth temperature strawberry. Leaf follows a linear, sigmoid or Gaussian pattern over season variable depending weather. There was linear with temperatures below 26°C, decrease above 26°C. In other studies, mean lower optimum 90% maximum 18.3° ± 3.9°C, median 19.6°C, range from 7.2° to 22.0°C (N = 11). higher 27.3° 3.6°C, 27.4°C, 21.1° 33.5°C 12). under 30°C 30°C. Limited studies suggest that elevated will not counteract impact high growth. Climate cool areas warm areas. locations contribute yields global warming.

Language: Английский

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Dissected Leaf 1 encodes an MYB transcription factor that controls leaf morphology in potato

Theoretical and Applied Genetics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 136(9)

Published: Aug. 9, 2023

Language: Английский

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Tapping into the plasticity of plant architecture for increased stress resilience

F1000Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12, P. 1257 - 1257

Published: Oct. 2, 2023

Plant architecture develops post-embryonically and emerges from a dialogue between the developmental signals environmental cues. Length branching of vegetative reproductive tissues were focus improvement plant performance early days breeding. Current breeding priorities are changing, as we need to prioritize productivity under increasingly challenging conditions. While it has been widely recognized that changes in response environment, its contribution changing climate remains be fully explored. This review will summarize prior discoveries genetic control traits their effect on stress. We new tools phenotyping guide future genes contributing architecture, plasticity, contributions stress resilience. Subsequently, provide perspective into how integrating study species, modern techniques, modeling can lead discovering targets underlying plasticity Altogether, this provides harnessed for increased stress.

Language: Английский

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A novel tomato inter-specific (Solanum lycopersicumvar.cerasiformeandS. pimpinellifolium) MAGIC population facilitates trait association and candidate gene discovery in untapped exotic germplasm

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 2, 2024

Abstract We developed a novel eight-way tomato multi-parental advanced generation inter-cross (MAGIC) population to improve the accessibility of genetic resources relatives geneticists and breeders. The inter-specific MAGIC (ToMAGIC) was obtained by inter-crossing four accessions each Solanum lycopersicum var. cerasiforme (SLC) S. pimpinellifolium (SP), which respectively are weedy relative ancestor cultivated tomato. eight exotic ToMAGIC founders were selected based on representation diversity geographical distribution two taxa. resulting comprises 354 lines genotyped using new 12k Single Primer Enrichment Technology (SPET) panel yielded 6,488 high-quality SNPs. genotyping data revealed high degree homozygosity (average 93.69%), an absence structure, balanced (11.62% 14.16%) founder genomes. To evaluate potential for genetics breeding, proof-of-concept conducted phenotyping it fruit size, plant pigmentation, leaf morphology, earliness traits. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified strong associations studied traits, pinpointing both previously candidate genes near or within linkage disequilibrium blocks. Domesticated alleles size recessive found, at low frequencies, in wild/ancestral populations. Our findings demonstrate that newly is valuable resource research tomato, offering significant identifying govern key traits breeding. displaying pyramiding interest could have direct applicability integration into breeding pipelines providing untapped variation

Language: Английский

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Assessment of Genetic Diversity and Identification of Superior Donors for Higher Yield, Nutritional and Processing Traits in Tomato through Hierarchical Clustering Analysis

Journal of Advances in Biology & Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 27(8), P. 1411 - 1419

Published: Aug. 14, 2024

The present investigation was carried out in the Department of Horticulture, BAC, BAU, Sabour, Bihar, with 22 diverse genotypes tomato germplasms collected from locations and sources. were assessed for their phonological, morphological, yield, nutritional processing quality attributes. hierarchical clustering analysis based on Euclidean distance Ward’s method applied these separately two segments namely morphological yield attributes; attributes, aimed to find superior both segments. Further, through same analysis, genetic diversity among traits also established. Additionally, association plant are partly reported a heatmap visualization. Our findings suggest that 2019/TODVAR-4, 2019/TODVAR-5, 2019/TODVAR-2, 2019/TODVAR-7, 2019/TOLOCVRES-4 exhibit compared check cultivar Kashi Chayan. In particular, higher yields coupled favorable qualities significantly enhance success breeding programs. Notably, genotype 2019/TODVAR-4 has been identified as particularly suitable developing cultivars excellent qualities.

Language: Английский

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