Scientists' warning on invasive alien species

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 95(6), P. 1511 - 1534

Published: June 25, 2020

ABSTRACT Biological invasions are a global consequence of an increasingly connected world and the rise in human population size. The numbers invasive alien species – subset that spread widely areas where they not native, affecting environment or livelihoods increasing. Synergies with other changes exacerbating current facilitating new ones, thereby escalating extent impacts invaders. Invasions have complex often immense long‐term direct indirect impacts. In many cases, such become apparent problematic only when invaders well established large ranges. Invasive break down biogeographic realms, affect native richness abundance, increase risk extinction, genetic composition populations, change animal behaviour, alter phylogenetic diversity across communities, modify trophic networks. Many also ecosystem functioning delivery services by altering nutrient contaminant cycling, hydrology, habitat structure, disturbance regimes. These biodiversity accelerating will further future. Scientific evidence has identified policy strategies to reduce future invasions, but these insufficiently implemented. For some nations, notably Australia New Zealand, biosecurity national priority. There been successes, as eradication rats cats on islands biological control weeds continental areas. However, countries, receive little attention. Improved international cooperation is crucial biodiversity, services, livelihoods. Countries can strengthen their regulations implement enforce more effective management should address interact invasions.

Language: Английский

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Mutualistic Interactions and Biological Invasions

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 45(1), P. 89 - 113

Published: Sept. 24, 2014

Mutualisms structure ecosystems and mediate their functioning. They also enhance invasions of many alien species. Invasions disrupt native mutualisms, often leading to population declines, reduced biodiversity, altered ecosystem Focusing on three main types mutualisms (pollination, seed dispersal, plant-microbial symbioses) drawing examples from different species- community-level studies, we review the key mechanisms whereby such positive interactions are in turn influenced by invasions. High interaction generalization is “the norm” most systems, allowing species infiltrate recipient communities. We identify traits that influence invasiveness (e.g., selfing capacity plants, animal behavioral traits) or invasibility partner choice mycorrhizas/rhizobia) through mutualistic interactions. Mutualistic disruptions due pervasive, subsequent cascading effects widespread. Ecological networks provide a useful framework for predicting tipping points community collapse response other synergistic drivers global change.

Language: Английский

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The changing role of ornamental horticulture in alien plant invasions

Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 93(3), P. 1421 - 1437

Published: March 5, 2018

The number of alien plants escaping from cultivation into native ecosystems is increasing steadily. We provide an overview the historical, contemporary and potential future roles ornamental horticulture in plant invasions. show that currently at least 75% 93% global naturalised flora grown domestic botanical gardens, respectively. Species gardens also have a larger range than those are not. After Middle Ages, particularly 18th 19th centuries, trade network emerged. Since then, cultivated species started to appear wild more frequently non-cultivated aliens globally, during century. Horticulture still plays prominent role current introduction, monetary value live-plant imports different parts world steadily increasing. Historically, - important component played major displaying, cultivating distributing new discoveries. While horticultural supply chain has declined, they significant link, with one-third institutions involved retail-plant sales research. However, become dependent on commercial nurseries as sources, North America. Plants selected for purposes not random selection flora, some characteristics promoted through horticulture, such fast growth, promote invasion. Efforts breed non-invasive cultivars rare. Socio-economical, technological, environmental changes will lead novel patterns introductions invasion opportunities already cultivated. describe could play mediating these changes. identify research challenges, call efforts past This required develop science-based regulatory frameworks prevent further

Language: Английский

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Prioritizing species, pathways, and sites to achieve conservation targets for biological invasion

Biological Invasions, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 18(2), P. 299 - 314

Published: Nov. 21, 2015

Prioritization is indispensable for the management of biological invasions, as recognized by Convention on Biological Diversity, its current strategic plan, and specifically Aichi Target 9 that concerns invasive alien species. Here we provide an overview process, approaches data needs prioritization invasion policy management, with intention informing guiding efforts to address this target. Many schemes quantify impact risk, from pragmatic action-focused data-demanding science-based. Effective must consider not only species pathways (as mentioned in 9), but also which sites are most sensitive susceptible (not made explicit 9). Integrated across these foci may lead future efficiencies resource allocation management. countries face challenge prioritizing little capacity poor baseline data. We recommend a consultative, science-based process impacts based species, sites, outline information needed achieve this. This should be integrated into national incorporates broad suite social economic criteria. Such likely feasible countries.

Language: Английский

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Socio‐economic impact classification of alien taxa (SEICAT)

Methods in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 9(1), P. 159 - 168

Published: July 31, 2017

Abstract Many alien taxa are known to cause socio‐economic impacts by affecting the different constituents of human well‐being (security; material and non‐material assets; health; social, spiritual cultural relations; freedom choice action). Attempts quantify in monetary terms unlikely provide a useful basis for evaluating comparing because they notoriously difficult measure important aspects ignored. Here, we propose novel standardised method classifying magnitude their on well‐being, based capability approach from welfare economics. The core characteristic this is that it uses changes peoples' activities as common metric well‐being. Impacts assigned one five levels, Minimal Concern Massive, according semi‐quantitative scenarios describe severity impacts. Taxa then classified highest level deleterious impact have been recorded any constituent scheme also includes categories not evaluated, no population, or data deficient, assigning uncertainty all classifications. To demonstrate utility system, amphibians globally. These showed variety with cane toad ( Rhinella marina ) scoring Major For most species, however, studies reporting were found, i.e. these species deficient. classification provides consistent procedure translating broad range measures types into ranked levels impact, assigns best available evidence documented impacts, applicable across at spatial scales. system was designed align closely Environmental Impact Classification Alien EICAT Red List, both which adopted International Union Nature Conservation IUCN ), could therefore be readily integrated international practices policies.

Language: Английский

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Invasion Biology: Specific Problems and Possible Solutions

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 32(1), P. 13 - 22

Published: Nov. 23, 2016

Language: Английский

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More than “100 worst” alien species in Europe

Biological Invasions, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 20(6), P. 1611 - 1621

Published: Dec. 18, 2017

"One hundred worst" lists of alien species the greatest concern proved useful for raising awareness risks and impacts biological invasions amongst general public, politicians stakeholders. All so far have been based on expert opinion primarily aimed at representativeness taxonomic habitat diversity rather than quantifying harm cause. We used generic impact scoring system (GISS) to rank 486 established in Europe from a wide range groups identify those with highest environmental socioeconomic impact. GISS assigns 12 categories impact, each quantified scale 0 (no detectable) 5 (the possible). ranked by their total sum scores number scores. also compared listing other expert-based "worst" invaders. propose list 149 species, comprising 54 plants, 49 invertebrates, 40 vertebrates 6 fungi. Among ranking are one bird (Branta canadensis), four mammals (Rattus norvegicus, Ondatra zibethicus, Cervus nippon, Muntiacus reevesi), crayfish (Procambarus clarkii), mite (Varroa destructor), plants (Acacia dealbata, Lantana camara, Pueraria lobata, Eichhornia crassipes). In contrast existing lists, GISS-based given here highlights some high that not represented any list. The provides an objective transparent method aid prioritization management according impacts, applicable across taxa habitats. Our can be justifying inclusion such as Union European Commission, fulfill Aichi target 9.

Language: Английский

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Biological invasions, climate change and genomics

Evolutionary Applications, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 8(1), P. 23 - 46

Published: Nov. 13, 2014

Abstract The rate of biological invasions is expected to increase as the effects climate change on communities become widespread. Climate enhances habitat disturbance which facilitates establishment invasive species, in turn provides opportunities for hybridization and introgression. These influence local biodiversity that can be tracked through genetic genomic approaches. Metabarcoding metagenomic approaches provide a way monitoring some types under appearance invasives. Introgression followed by analysis entire genomes so rapidly changing areas genome are identified instances pollution monitored. Genomic markers enable accurate tracking species’ geographic origin well beyond what was previously possible. New tools promoting fresh insights into classic questions about invading organisms change, such role variation, adaptation pre‐adaptation successful invasions. providing managers with often more effective means identify potential threats, improve surveillance assess impacts communities. We framework application techniques within management context also indicate important limitations achieved.

Language: Английский

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The red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii in Europe: Impacts on aquatic ecosystems and human well-being

Limnologica, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 58, P. 78 - 93

Published: March 18, 2016

Language: Английский

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A vision for global monitoring of biological invasions

Biological Conservation, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 213, P. 295 - 308

Published: June 29, 2016

Managing biological invasions relies on good global coverage of species distributions. Accurate information alien distributions, obtained from international policy and cross-border co-operation, is required to evaluate trans-boundary trading partnership risks. However, a standardized approach for systematically monitoring tracking still lacking. This Perspective presents vision observation invasions. We show how the architecture provided by minimum set Essential Variables, collaboration data sharing infrastructure, strategic contributions countries. this novel, synthetic an system provides tangible attainable solution delivering needed slow rate new incursions reduce impacts invaders. identify three Variables Invasion Monitoring; occurrence, status impact. outline delivery joint, complementary countries community initiatives possible. Country are made feasible using modular where all able participate strategically build their over time. The we will deliver wide-ranging benefits efforts minimize environmental impacts. These accrue time as increases.

Language: Английский

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