Micro(nano)plastics pollution and human health: How plastics can induce carcinogenesis to humans?

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 298, P. 134267 - 134267

Published: March 14, 2022

Language: Английский

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Oxidation and fragmentation of plastics in a changing environment; from UV-radiation to biological degradation

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 851, P. 158022 - 158022

Published: Aug. 12, 2022

Understanding the fate of plastics in environment is critical importance for quantitative assessment biological impacts plastic waste. Specially, there a need to analyze more detail reputed longevity context degradation through oxidation and fragmentation reactions. Photo-oxidation debris by solar UV radiation (UVR) makes material prone subsequent fragmentation. The fragments generated following exposure mechanical stresses include secondary micro- or nanoparticles, an emerging class pollutants. paper discusses UV-driven photo-oxidation process, identifying relevant knowledge gaps uncertainties. Serious exist concerning wavelength sensitivity dose-response photo-fragmentation process. Given heterogeneity natural irradiance varying from no sediments full floating, beach litter air-borne plastics, it argued that rates degradation/fragmentation will also vary dramatically between different locations environmental niches. Biological phenomena such as biofouling further modulate radiation, while potentially contributing and/or independent UVR. Reductions UVR many regions, consequent implementation Montreal Protocol its Amendments protecting stratospheric ozone, have consequences global heterogeneous manner across geographic zones. interacting effects warming, ozone are projected increase at surface localized areas, mainly because decreased cloud cover. complexity uncertainty future conditions, this currently precludes reliable predictions persistence on scale.

Language: Английский

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Updated review on microplastics in water, their occurrence, detection, measurement, environmental pollution, and the need for regulatory standards

Environmental Pollution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 292, P. 118421 - 118421

Published: Oct. 28, 2021

Language: Английский

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A Children’s Health Perspective on Nano- and Microplastics

Environmental Health Perspectives, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 130(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Pregnancy, infancy, and childhood are sensitive windows for environmental exposures. Yet the health effects of exposure to nano- microplastics (NMPs) remain largely uninvestigated or unknown. Although plastic chemicals a well-established research topic, impacts particles unexplored, especially with regard early life exposures.This commentary aims summarize knowns unknowns around child- pregnancy-relevant exposures NMPs via inhalation, placental transfer, ingestion breastmilk, dermal absorption.A comprehensive literature search map state science on found 37 primary articles relevance during revealed major knowledge gaps in field. We discuss opportunities challenges quantifying child-specific (e.g., breastmilk infant formula) effects, light global inequalities baby bottle use, consumption packaged foods, air pollution, hazardous disposal, regulatory safeguards. also needs linking child NMP address context public action.Few studies have addressed sources exposure, estimates currently rely generic assumptions rather than empirical measurements. Furthermore, toxicological has not specifically focused health, yet children's immature defense mechanisms make them particularly vulnerable. Apart from few investigating transfer NMPs, physicochemical properties polymer, size, shape, charge) driving absorption, biodistribution, elimination be benchmarked. Accordingly, evidence base regarding potential remains sparse. Based date, we provide recommendations fill gaps, stimulate policymakers industry safety point families reduce plastic. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP9086.

Language: Английский

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Microplastics in composts, digestates, and food wastes: A review

Journal of Environmental Quality, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 52(2), P. 225 - 240

Published: Jan. 16, 2023

Abstract Diverting food waste from landfills to composting or anaerobic digestion can reduce greenhouse gas emissions, enable the recovery of energy in usable forms, and create nutrient‐rich soil amendments. However, many streams are mixed with plastic packaging, raising concerns that waste‐derived composts digestates may inadvertently introduce microplastics into agricultural soils. Research on occurrence amendments is an early phase relative importance this potential pathway soils needs further clarification. In paper, we review what known not about abundance composts, digestates, wastes their effects Additionally, highlight future research suggest ways harmonize microplastic ecotoxicity studies design related policies. This novel it focuses quantitative measures discusses limitations existing methods implications for policy.

Language: Английский

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Current Challenges in Microcapsule Designs and Microencapsulation Processes: A Review

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(31), P. 40326 - 40355

Published: July 23, 2024

Microencapsulation is an advanced methodology for the protection, preservation, and/or delivery of active materials in a wide range industrial sectors, such as pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, fragrances, paints, coatings, detergents, food products, and agrochemicals. Polymeric have been extensively used microcapsule shells to provide appropriate barrier properties achieve controlled release encapsulated ingredient. However, significant limitations are associated with capsules, including undesired leaching nonbiodegradable nature typically polymers. In addition, energy cost manufacturing microcapsules important factor be considered when designing systems corresponding production processes. Recent factors linked UN sustainability goals modifying how microencapsulation should designed pursuit "ideal" that efficient, safe, cost-effective environmentally friendly. This review provides overview advances microencapsulation, emphasis on sustainable designs. The key evaluation techniques assess biodegradability microcapsules, compliance recently evolving European Union requirements, also described. Moreover, most common methodologies fabrication presented within framework their demand. promising designs highlighted suitability toward meeting current design requirements stringent regulations, tackling ongoing challenges, limitations, opportunities.

Language: Английский

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Microplastic pollution in groundwater: a systematic review

Environmental Pollutants and Bioavailability, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 36(1)

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

Groundwater, a crucial freshwater source faces increasing pollution from microplastics (MPs). This study aims to comprehensively review the aquifers, sampling and analysis methods, levels, polymer types, sizes of MPs in groundwater worldwide between 2017 2023. Very few reports exist on abundance, type, size, other characteristics field. The tools, sample collection quantities used for field varied considerably among studies. However, efforts enhance our understanding MP results through level measurements, on-site water quality parameters, ion analysis, blanks have been limited. mostly indicated higher concentrations urban industrial areas landfill sites, whereas lower were observed with minimal human influence. are predominantly polypropylene polyethylene. Standardized methods needed further promote research facilitate cross-comparisons.

Language: Английский

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Paradigms to assess the human health risks of nano- and microplastics

Microplastics and Nanoplastics, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 1(1)

Published: June 29, 2021

Abstract Human exposure to nano- and microplastics (NMPs) has raised major societal concerns, yet no framework assess the risks of NMPs for human health exists. A substantial proportion plastic produced worldwide is not properly disposed persists in environment decades while degrading. Plastic degradation generates a size continuum fragments, including microplastic particles, with numerous associated environmental pollutants additives, microbial communities colonising their surfaces. The ubiquitous presence NMPs, availability uptake by organisms potential act as vectors toxicants pathogens render risk assessment priority on political agenda at global level. We provide new, fully integrated tailored specificities enabling an current future from NMPs. consists four novel paradigms traditional methodology. These deal techniques NMP analysis, gaps empirical data, theoretical modelling approaches stakeholder engagement. Within proposed framework, we propose how can use research experiences gained so far carry out different steps process, define priorities further research.

Language: Английский

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Effects of chronic exposure of naturally weathered microplastics on oxidative stress level, behaviour, and mitochondrial function of adult zebrafish (Danio rerio)

Chemosphere, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 310, P. 136895 - 136895

Published: Oct. 17, 2022

Microplastics (MPs) are a big and growing environmental concern, with studies showing sublethal to acute biological impacts on typical aquatic organisms. However, little is known about the effects of naturally weathered MPs, particularly focusing mitochondria dysfunction as key trigger effects. Therefore, in this study, MPs were produced from day-to-day life products, characterized, chronically exposed (21 days) adult zebrafish at concentration 0.1 1 mg/L. Locomotion unconditioned anxiety-like behaviour was assessed. Mitochondrial respiration, membrane potential, mitochondrial complex activity oxidative-related parameters evaluated brain liver. The results revealed copolymer propylene ethylene that induced behaviour. There an increase catalase while lactate dehydrogenase inhibited after exposure Brain glutathione levels increased their ratio not affected. respiratory chain Ⅱ IV also significantly decreased brain, although compromising function. On other hand, mg/L caused deficiency liver respiration which associated inhibition. An hepatic superoxide dismutase noticed, supporting occurrence ROS-induced ROS release potential for dysfunction. Overall, these findings highlight indirect cumulative particles may pose ecosystems.

Language: Английский

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Machine learning: Next promising trend for microplastics study

Journal of Environmental Management, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 344, P. 118756 - 118756

Published: Aug. 11, 2023

Language: Английский

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