Orexin population activity precisely reflects net body movement across behavioral and metabolic states DOI Creative Commons

Alexander L Tesmer,

Paulius Viskaitis,

Dane Donegan

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 16, 2024

Abstract Tracking net body movement in real time may enable the brain to estimate ongoing demands and thus better orchestrate muscle tone, energy balance, arousal. To identify neural populations specializing tracking movement, here we compared self-initiated movement-related activity across genetically-defined subcortical neurons mouse brain, including dopaminergic, glutamatergic, noradrenergic, key peptidergic neurons. We show that hypothalamic orexin/hypocretin-producing (HONs) are exceptionally precise movement-trackers, encoding multiple classified behaviors with a high degree of precision, independent head acceleration. This was so precise, video analysis reliably served as low-cost biometric for HON population activity. The internal nutritional states, occurred communication bandwidth distinct from blood glucose. At projection targets, orexin/hypocretin peptide outputs correlated projection-specific manner, indicating functional heterogeneity outputs. Finally, found not encoded same extent other related arousal or energy. These findings indicate orchestrators metabolism finely tuned encode constituting bridge multiplexing motor resources.

Language: Английский

Neurobehavioral meaning of pupil size DOI Creative Commons
Nikola Grujic, Rafael Polanìa, Denis Burdakov

et al.

Neuron, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 112(20), P. 3381 - 3395

Published: June 25, 2024

Pupil size is a widely used metric of brain state. It one the few signals originating from that can be readily monitored with low-cost devices in basic science, clinical, and home settings. is, therefore, important to investigate generate well-defined theories related specific interpretations this metric. What exactly does it tell us about brain? Pupils constrict response light dilate during darkness, but also controls pupil irrespective luminosity. fluctuations resulting ongoing "brain states" are as arousal, what pupil-linked arousal how should interpreted neural, cognitive, computational terms? Here, we discuss some recent findings these issues. We identify open questions propose answer them through combination tasks, neurocomputational models, neurophysiological probing interconnected loops causes consequences size.

Language: Английский

Citations

17
Orexin population activity precisely reflects net body movement across behavioral and metabolic states DOI Open Access

Alexander L Tesmer,

Paulius Viskaitis,

Dane Donegan

et al.

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Tracking net body movement in real time may enable the brain to estimate ongoing demands and thus better orchestrate muscle tone, energy balance, arousal. To identify neural populations specializing tracking movement, here we compared self-initiated movement-related activity across genetically-defined subcortical neurons mouse brain, including dopaminergic, glutamatergic, noradrenergic, key peptidergic neurons. We show that hypothalamic orexin/hypocretin-producing (HONs) are exceptionally precise movement-trackers, encoding multiple classified behaviors with a high degree of precision, independent head acceleration. This was so precise, video analysis reliably served as low-cost biometric for HON population activity. The internal nutritional states, occurred communication bandwidth distinct from blood glucose. At projection targets, orexin/hypocretin peptide outputs correlated projection-specific manner, indicating functional heterogeneity outputs. Finally, found not encoded same extent other related arousal or energy. These findings indicate orchestrators metabolism finely tuned encode constituting bridge multiplexing motor resources.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Orexin population activity precisely reflects net body movement across behavioral and metabolic states DOI Open Access

Alexander L Tesmer,

Paulius Viskaitis,

Dane Donegan

et al.

Published: Feb. 7, 2025

Tracking net body movement in real time may enable the brain to estimate ongoing demands and thus better orchestrate muscle tone, energy balance, arousal. To identify neural populations specializing tracking movement, here we compared self-initiated movement-related activity across genetically-defined subcortical neurons mouse brain, including dopaminergic, glutamatergic, noradrenergic, key peptidergic neurons. We show that hypothalamic orexin/hypocretin-producing (HONs) are exceptionally precise movement-trackers, encoding multiple classified behaviors with a high degree of precision, independent head acceleration. This was so precise, video analysis reliably served as low-cost biometric for HON population activity. The internal nutritional states, occurred communication bandwidth distinct from blood glucose. At projection targets, orexin/hypocretin peptide outputs correlated projection-specific manner, indicating functional heterogeneity outputs. Finally, found not encoded same extent other related arousal or energy. These findings indicate orchestrators metabolism finely tuned encode constituting bridge multiplexing motor resources.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Deciphering neuronal variability across states reveals dynamic sensory encoding DOI Creative Commons
Shailaja Akella, Peter Ledochowitsch, Joshua H. Siegle

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Feb. 19, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Environmental context influences visual processing in thalamus DOI
Kayla Peelman, Bilal Haider

Current Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2025

Language: Английский

Citations

0
The Interplay of Spontaneous Pupil‐Size Fluctuations and EEG Power in Near‐Threshold Detection DOI Creative Commons
Veera Ruuskanen,

C. Nico Boehler,

Sebastiaan Mathôt

et al.

Psychophysiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 62(3)

Published: March 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Detection of near‐threshold stimuli depends on the properties stimulus and state observer. In visual detection tasks, improved accuracy is associated with larger prestimulus pupil size. However, it still unclear whether this association due to optical effects (more light entering eye), correlations arousal, cortical excitability (as reflected in alpha power), or a mix these. To better understand this, we investigated relative contributions size power alpha, beta, theta frequency bands detection. We found that more stimulus‐present responses, these were not mediated by spectral EEG. Pupil was also positively correlated beta bands. Taken together, our results show an independent effect performance driven but may be effects, physiological both.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Arousal as a universal embedding for spatiotemporal brain dynamics DOI Creative Commons
Ryan V. Raut, Zachary P. Rosenthal, Xiaodan Wang

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 8, 2023

Neural activity in awake organisms shows widespread and spatiotemporally diverse correlations with behavioral physiological measurements. We propose that this covariation reflects part the dynamics of a unified, multidimensional arousal-related process regulates brain-wide physiology on timescale seconds. By framing interpretation within dynamical systems theory, we arrive at surprising prediction: single, scalar measurement arousal (e.g., pupil diameter) should suffice to reconstruct continuous evolution multidimensional, spatiotemporal measurements large-scale brain physiology. To test hypothesis, perform multimodal, cortex-wide optical imaging monitoring mice. demonstrate neuronal calcium, metabolism, blood-oxygen can be accurately parsimoniously modeled from low-dimensional state-space reconstructed time history diameter. Extending framework electrophysiological Allen Brain Observatory, ability integrate experimental data into unified generative model via mappings an intrinsic manifold. Our results support hypothesis spontaneous, spatially structured fluctuations physiology-widely interpreted reflect regionally-specific neural communication-are large reflections process. This enriched view has broad implications for interpreting observations brain, body, behavior as measured across modalities, contexts, scales.

Language: Английский

Citations

6
What the eyes, confidence, and partner’s identity can tell about change of mind DOI Creative Commons
Rémi Sanchez,

Anne-Catherine Tomei,

Pascal Mamassian

et al.

Neuroscience of Consciousness, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2024(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Perceptual confidence reflects the ability to evaluate evidence that supports perceptual decisions. It is thought play a critical role in guiding decision-making. However, only few empirical studies have actually investigated function of confidence. To address this issue, we designed task which participants provided judgment on accuracy their decision. Then, they viewed response machine or human partner, and were instructed decide whether keep change initial response. We observed predicted participants' changes mind more than difficulty accuracy. Additionally, interacting with machine, compared human, decreased increased tendency decision, suggesting both are influenced by contextual factors, such as identity partner. Finally, variations judgments but not correlated pre-response pupil dynamics, indicating arousal linked computations. This study contributes our understanding factors influencing also evaluates possibility using dynamics proxy

Language: Английский

Citations

1
Environmental context sculpts spatial and temporal visual processing in thalamus DOI Creative Commons
Kayla Peelman, Bilal Haider

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 26, 2024

Abstract Behavioral state modulates neural activity throughout the visual system; this is largely due to changes in arousal that alter internal brain state. However, behaviors are constrained by external environmental context, so it remains unclear if context itself dictates regime of processing, apart from ongoing arousal. Here, we addressed question awake head-fixed mice while they passively viewed stimuli two different contexts: either a cylindrical tube, or circular running wheel. We targeted high-density silicon probe recordings dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) and simultaneously measured several electrophysiological behavioral correlates changes, thus controlled for them across contexts. found surprising differences spatial temporal processing dLGN contexts, even identical states alertness stillness. The wheel (versus tube) showed elevated baseline activity, faster responses, smaller but less selective receptive fields. Further, caused similar responsiveness all conditions, mainly changed overall set-point relationship. Together, our results reveal an unexpected influence physical on fundamental aspects early system.

Language: Английский

Citations

0
Orexin population activity precisely reflects net body movement across behavioral and metabolic states DOI Creative Commons

Alexander L Tesmer,

Paulius Viskaitis,

Dane Donegan

et al.

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 16, 2024

Abstract Tracking net body movement in real time may enable the brain to estimate ongoing demands and thus better orchestrate muscle tone, energy balance, arousal. To identify neural populations specializing tracking movement, here we compared self-initiated movement-related activity across genetically-defined subcortical neurons mouse brain, including dopaminergic, glutamatergic, noradrenergic, key peptidergic neurons. We show that hypothalamic orexin/hypocretin-producing (HONs) are exceptionally precise movement-trackers, encoding multiple classified behaviors with a high degree of precision, independent head acceleration. This was so precise, video analysis reliably served as low-cost biometric for HON population activity. The internal nutritional states, occurred communication bandwidth distinct from blood glucose. At projection targets, orexin/hypocretin peptide outputs correlated projection-specific manner, indicating functional heterogeneity outputs. Finally, found not encoded same extent other related arousal or energy. These findings indicate orchestrators metabolism finely tuned encode constituting bridge multiplexing motor resources.

Language: Английский

Citations

0