Understanding an urbanizing planet: Strategic directions for remote sensing

Remote Sensing of Environment, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 228, P. 164 - 182

Published: May 1, 2019

Language: Английский

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Perceived biodiversity, sound, naturalness and safety enhance the restorative quality and wellbeing benefits of green and blue space in a neotropical city

The Science of The Total Environment, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 755, P. 143095 - 143095

Published: Oct. 16, 2020

Urban land cover expansion and human population growth are accelerating worldwide. This is resulting in the loss degradation of green blue spaces (e.g. parks, waterways, lakes) cities, which provide resources to sustain biodiversity improve wellbeing. The specific characteristics these sounds, species, safety) that enhance or detract from wellbeing underexplored, yet this knowledge needed inform urban planning, management policies will ultimately benefit both people biodiversity. Research kind rarely conducted Global South, where rapid urbanisation threatens biodiversity-rich ecosystems worldwide significance. Here, we examine how perceptions green, waterway, dense relate Georgetown, Guyana. Specifically, use mediation models test sound, bird species richness, naturalness, safety concerns contribute sites being perceived as restorative which, subsequently, influences We assess accuracy site with objective measures sound (using a bioacoustic index), percent coverage vegetation, water, impervious surfaces. Results showed if were rich, containing natural sounds like birdsong, rather than artificial, safe, they more restorative, improved In general, people's consistent measures. Green, compared waterway sites, contained biophonic higher greater vegetation water coverage. Although waterways biodiverse, dominated by anthrophonic so artificial non-restorative. shed light on city planners might augment dwellers, implications for conservation. Our findings scientific evidence base design plans could deliver multiple co-benefits, particularly cities neotropical regions.

Language: Английский

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A Research Agenda for Urban Biodiversity in the Global Extinction Crisis

BioScience, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 71(3), P. 268 - 279

Published: Oct. 20, 2020

Abstract Rapid urbanization and the global loss of biodiversity necessitate development a research agenda that addresses knowledge gaps in urban ecology will inform policy, management, conservation. To advance this goal, we present six topics to pursue research: socioeconomic social–ecological drivers versus gain biodiversity; response technological change; biodiversity–ecosystem service relationships; areas as refugia for spatiotemporal dynamics species, community changes, underlying processes; ecological networks. We discuss overarching considerations offer set questions inspire support research. In parallel, advocate communication collaboration across many fields disciplines order build capacity research, education, practice. Taken together note play an important role addressing extinction crisis.

Language: Английский

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Impacts of Urban Areas and Their Characteristics on Avian Functional Diversity

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 5

Published: July 28, 2017

Urban development is rapidly expanding across the globe and a major driver of environmental change. Despite considerable improvements in our understanding how species richness responds to urbanisation, there still insufficient knowledge other measures assemblage composition structure respond urban development. Functional diversity metrics provide useful approach for quantifying ecological function. We compare avian functional 25 areas, located globe, with paired non-urban assemblages using database 27 traits that capture variation resource use (amount type resources they are acquired) 529 occurring these assemblages. Using three standard (FD, MNTD convex hull) we quantify observed and, standardized effect sizes, this diverges from expected under random community assembly null models. regression trees investigate whether human population density, amount vegetation city size (spatial extent land), bio-region semi-natural or agricultural as baseline modulate urbanisation on diversity. Our analyses suggest not consistently different After accounting higher cities than areas habitat. This creates paradox responses determined by their traits, which should generate clustered within narrow range trait space. Greater habitat compared dominated single may enhance explain paradox. Regression further smaller lower densities increased all areas. A city's attributes can thus influence its biological assemblages, associated functions. has important implications debate regarding grow world's whilst maintaining

Language: Английский

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Urban socioeconomic inequality and biodiversity often converge, but not always: A global meta-analysis

Landscape and Urban Planning, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 198, P. 103799 - 103799

Published: March 19, 2020

It is through urban biodiversity that the majority of humans experience nature on a daily basis. As cities expand globally, it increasingly important to understand how shaped by human decisions, institutions, and environments. In some cities, research has documented convergence between high socioeconomic status (SES) species diversity. Yet, other studies show residents with low SES live amid or appear unrelated. This study examines conditions linked varying types relationships biodiversity. We identified coded 84 case from 34 in which researchers assessed SES-biodiversity relationships. used fuzzy-set Qualitative Comparative Analysis (fsQCA) evaluate combinations design city-level explain why vary city plants animals. While cases demonstrated increased higher neighborhoods, we circumstances inequality distribution was ameliorated negated disturbance, form, social policy, collective preference. Overall, our meta-analysis highlights contributions residential municipal decisions differentially promoting along lines, situated within each city’s environmental political context. Through identifying under access more less unequal, call attention outstanding questions raise prospects for better equitable

Language: Английский

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Accessibility to urban green spaces in Chilean cities using adaptive thresholds

Journal of Transport Geography, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 57, P. 227 - 240

Published: Nov. 10, 2016

Language: Английский

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Vacant lands as refuges for native birds: An opportunity for biodiversity conservation in cities

Urban forestry & urban greening, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 49, P. 126632 - 126632

Published: Feb. 7, 2020

Language: Английский

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Wealth, water and wildlife: Landscape aridity intensifies the urban luxury effect

Global Ecology and Biogeography, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 29(9), P. 1595 - 1605

Published: June 9, 2020

Abstract Aim Urban biodiversity, and its associated ecosystem services, is an important component of the quality life urban residents. The "luxury effect" posits a positive association between biodiversity socioeconomic status in areas, thus reflective environmental injustice, as benefits with are not equitably shared across society. We aimed to determine generality luxury effect, identify factors causing variation published studies. Location Urbanized landscapes globally. Time period Current. Major taxa studied Terrestrial animals plants. Methods tested effect sample 337 estimates relationship measures from 96 studies via meta‐analysis, addressing three hypotheses: (a) more pronounced where water availability limited, (b) developing than developed countries, (c) stronger exotic compared native species. Results There was significant overall effect: there terrestrial status. strength greater arid areas. limited support for species, but no any development Main conclusions Many key emerging climate impacts concentrated Therefore, degree injustice represented by may be amplified future, especially regions. objective increase through equitable management provision resources could form part wider strategy sustainable cities promote justice, enhancing residents all sectors Challenges remain ensure that such prioritizes conservation goals biodiversity.

Language: Английский

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Nonrandom filtering effect on birds: species and guilds response to urbanization

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 6(11), P. 3711 - 3720

Published: May 3, 2016

Using bird survey data taken in three cities Southern Chile, we evaluated the hypothesis that changes community composition from periurban to urban areas are not random. Furthermore, consistency of species and guild loss was assessed across cities. A consistent pattern difference structure between habitats found. In addition, a nonrandom found compared areas, non-native dominated communities all The average abundance omnivores, granivores, habitat generalists higher while insectivores open were more abundant areas. These results strongly suggest act as filters offering suitable conditions for only fraction present given area, lack may be facilitating local biotic homogenization studied this study fill biogeographical knowledge gap, but work presented here also aids general understanding factors affect with varied levels global urbanization.

Language: Английский

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Impervious surface and heterogeneity are opposite drivers to maintain bird richness in a Cerrado city

Landscape and Urban Planning, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 192, P. 103643 - 103643

Published: Sept. 12, 2019

Language: Английский

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