Recent Advances in Nose and Lung Organoid Models for Respiratory Viral Research DOI Creative Commons

Lennart Svensson,

Johan Nordgren, Åke Lundkvist

et al.

Viruses, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(3), P. 349 - 349

Published: Feb. 28, 2025

Studies on human respiratory viral infections and pathogenesis have historically been conducted using immortalized cells animal models. However, these models are limited in their ability to recapitulate the complex structure of airway or full spectrum disease symptoms observed humans. Recently, nose lung organoids revolutionized culture complexity infection biology demonstrated potential for research virus In this opinion, we review how advances organoid models, which able express all cell types epithelia, i.e., Club, basal, goblet, ciliated cells, provided novel insight into pathogenesis, age-dependent susceptibility, attenuation signature, immune mechanisms viruses such as SARS-CoV-2, syncytial virus, influenza virus. The also studying hitherto uncultivable be useful studies zoonotic risk.

Language: Английский

The evolution of SARS-CoV-2 DOI Open Access
Peter V. Markov, Mahan Ghafari, Martin Beer

et al.

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(6), P. 361 - 379

Published: April 5, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

797
The neuroinvasiveness, neurotropism, and neurovirulence of SARS-CoV-2 DOI
Lisa Bauer, Brigitta M. Laksono, Femke M.S. de Vrij

et al.

Trends in Neurosciences, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 45(5), P. 358 - 368

Published: March 3, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

191
Accelerating antiviral drug discovery: lessons from COVID-19 DOI Open Access
Annette von Delft, Matthew D. Hall, Ann D. Kwong

et al.

Nature Reviews Drug Discovery, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(7), P. 585 - 603

Published: May 12, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

100
Animal models for COVID-19: advances, gaps and perspectives DOI Creative Commons
Changfa Fan, Yong Wu,

Rui Xiong

et al.

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 7(1)

Published: July 7, 2022

Abstract COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, is the most consequential pandemic of this century. Since outbreak in late 2019, animal models have been playing crucial roles aiding rapid development vaccines/drugs for prevention and therapy, as well understanding pathogenesis SARS-CoV-2 infection immune responses hosts. However, current some deficits there an urgent need novel to evaluate virulence variants concerns (VOC), antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), various comorbidities COVID-19. This review summarizes clinical features COVID-19 different populations, characteristics major including those naturally susceptible animals, such non-human primates, Syrian hamster, ferret, minks, poultry, livestock, mouse sensitized genetically modified, AAV/adenoviral transduced, mouse-adapted strain engraftment human tissues or cells. host receptors proteases essential designing advanced modified models, successful studies on are also reviewed. Several improved alternatives future proposed, reselection alternative receptor genes multiple gene combinations, use transgenic knock-in method, strains establishing next generation mice.

Language: Английский

Citations

84
An early warning system for emerging SARS-CoV-2 variants DOI Open Access
Lorenzo Subissi, Anne von Gottberg, Lipi Thukral

et al.

Nature Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 28(6), P. 1110 - 1115

Published: May 30, 2022

Language: Английский

Citations

72
The T-cell-directed vaccine BNT162b4 encoding conserved non-spike antigens protects animals from severe SARS-CoV-2 infection DOI Creative Commons

Christina M. Arieta,

Yushu Joy Xie,

Daniel Rothenberg

et al.

Cell, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 186(11), P. 2392 - 2409.e21

Published: April 13, 2023

T cell responses play an important role in protection against beta-coronavirus infections, including SARS-CoV-2, where they associate with decreased COVID-19 disease severity and duration. To enhance immunity across epitopes infrequently altered SARS-CoV-2 variants, we designed BNT162b4, mRNA vaccine component that is intended to be combined BNT162b2, the spike-protein-encoding vaccine. BNT162b4 encodes variant-conserved, immunogenic segments of nucleocapsid, membrane, ORF1ab proteins, targeting diverse HLA alleles. elicits polyfunctional CD4+ CD8+ animal models, alone or when co-administered BNT162b2 while preserving spike-specific immunity. Importantly, demonstrate protects hamsters from severe reduces viral titers following challenge variants. These data suggest a combination could reduce duration caused by circulating future currently being clinically evaluated BA.4/BA.5 Omicron-updated bivalent (NCT05541861).

Language: Английский

Citations

60
Vaccine-Associated Enhanced Disease and Pathogenic Human Coronaviruses DOI Creative Commons
Cillian Gartlan, Tom Tipton, Francisco J. Salguero

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: April 4, 2022

Vaccine-associated enhanced disease (VAED) is a difficult phenomenon to define and can be confused with vaccine failure. Using studies on respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) vaccination dengue infection, we highlight known theoretical mechanisms of VAED, including antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE), antibody-enhanced (AED) Th2-mediated pathology. We also critically review the literature surrounding this in pathogenic human coronaviruses, MERS-CoV, SARS-CoV-1 SARS-CoV-2. Poor quality histopathological data lack consistency defining severe pathology VAED preclinical MERS-CoV vaccines particular make it interrogate potential cases VAED. Fortuitously, there have been only few reports mild SARS-CoV-2 models no observations their clinical use. describe problem areas discuss methods improve characterisation future.

Language: Английский

Citations

59
Antibody-dependent enhancement of toxicity of myotoxin II from Bothrops asper DOI Creative Commons
Christoffer V. Sørensen, Julián Fernández, Anna Christina Adams

et al.

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 16, 2024

Abstract Improved therapies are needed against snakebite envenoming, which kills and permanently disables thousands of people each year. Recently developed neutralizing monoclonal antibodies several snake toxins have shown promise in preclinical rodent models. Here, we use phage display technology to discover a human antibody show that this causes antibody-dependent enhancement toxicity (ADET) myotoxin II from the venomous pit viper, Bothrops asper , mouse model envenoming mimics snakebite. While clinical ADET related venom has not yet been reported humans, report toxin animal kingdom highlights necessity assessing even well-known formats representative models evaluate their therapeutic utility or venoms. This is essential avoid potential deleterious effects as exemplified present study.

Language: Английский

Citations

10
Emerging and reemerging infectious diseases: global trends and new strategies for their prevention and control DOI Creative Commons
Shen Wang, Wujian Li,

Zhenshan Wang

et al.

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(1)

Published: Sept. 11, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

10
CXCL12 ameliorates neutrophilia and disease severity in SARS-CoV-2 infection DOI Creative Commons
Jian Zheng, Hima Dhakal, Enya Qing

et al.

Journal of Clinical Investigation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 7, 2025

Neutrophils, particularly low-density neutrophils (LDNs), are believed to contribute acute COVID-19 severity. Here, we showed that neutrophilia can be detected acutely and even months after SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients mice, while neutrophil depletion reduced disease severity mice. A key factor severe infected mice was traced the chemokine CXCL12 secreted by bone marrow cells unexpectedly, endothelial cells. levels were negatively correlated with LDN numbers longitudinal analyses of patient blood samples. blockade SARS-CoV-2-infected increased blood/lung thereby accelerating progression without changing lung virus titers. The exaggerated mortality caused reversed depletion. In addition, blocking interactions between Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) levels, suggesting a signal transduction from virus-mediated ACE2 ligation secretion. Collectively, these results demonstrate previously unappreciated role diminishing neutrophilia, including low density its deleterious effects infections. also support involvement SARS-CoV-2-endothelial cell viral pathogenesis.

Language: Английский

Citations

1