The suprachiasmatic nuclei as a seasonal clock

Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 37, P. 29 - 42

Published: Nov. 20, 2014

Language: Английский

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Diversity of intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells: circuits and functions

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 78(3), P. 889 - 907

Published: Sept. 23, 2020

Language: Английский

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Advances in understanding and management of retinopathy of prematurity

Survey of Ophthalmology, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 62(3), P. 257 - 276

Published: Dec. 22, 2016

Language: Английский

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Melanopsin Phototransduction Is Repurposed by ipRGC Subtypes to Shape the Function of Distinct Visual Circuits

Neuron, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 99(4), P. 754 - 767.e4

Published: July 14, 2018

Language: Английский

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Circadian Photoentrainment in Mice and Humans

Biology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9(7), P. 180 - 180

Published: July 21, 2020

Light around twilight provides the primary entrainment signal for circadian rhythms. Here we review mechanisms and responses of mouse human systems to light. Both utilize a network photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (pRGCs) expressing photopigment melanopsin (OPN4). In both species action spectra functional expression OPN4 in vitro show that has λmax close 480 nm. Anatomical findings demonstrate there are multiple pRGC sub-types, with some evidence mice, but little humans, regarding their roles regulating physiology behavior. Studies non-human primates rods cones project can modulate light pRGCs. Such an integration signals enables detect dim light, higher intensities intermittent exposure, whilst measures bright over extended periods time. Although photoreceptor similar, sensitivity thresholds differ markedly between mice humans. Mice entrain at approximately 1 lux few minutes, humans require high irradiance (>100's lux) long duration (>30 min). The basis this difference remains unclear. As our exposure is highly dynamic, because interactions complex difficult model, attempts develop evidence-based lighting enhance very challenging. A way forward will be define artificial natural "real world" where intensity, duration, spectral quality, time day, history age each assessed.

Language: Английский

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M1 ipRGCs Influence Visual Function through Retrograde Signaling in the Retina

Journal of Neuroscience, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 36(27), P. 7184 - 7197

Published: July 6, 2016

Melanopsin-expressing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs, with five subtypes named M1–M5) are a unique subclass of RGCs axons that project directly to many brain nuclei involved in non-image-forming functions such as circadian photoentrainment and the pupillary light reflex. Recent evidence suggests melanopsin-based signals also influence image-forming visual function, including adaptation, but mechanisms unclear. Intriguingly, small population M1 ipRGCs have intraretinal axon collaterals toward outer retina. Using genetic mouse models, we provide three lines showing these make connections upstream dopaminergic amacrine (DACs): (1) ipRGC signaling DACs is blocked by tetrodotoxin both in vitro vivo, indicating ipRGC-to-DAC transmission requires voltage-gated Na⁺ channels; (2) this partly dependent on N-type Ca²⁺ channels, which possibly expressed collateral terminals ipRGCs; (3) fluorescence microscopy reveals putative presynaptic contact DACs. We further demonstrate elimination attenuates evidenced an impaired electroretinogram b-wave from cones, whereas dopamine receptor agonist can potentiate cone-driven retinas lacking ipRGCs. Together, results strongly suggest transmit luminance retrogradely retina through system turn adaptation. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT (ipRGCs) comprise third class photoreceptors known mediate physiological responses photoentrainment. However, investigation into whether how contribute vision has just begun. Here, convergent anatomical constitute centrifugal pathway DACs, conveying innermost retrograde likely processing because collateral-bearing impairs adaptation limiting dopamine-dependent facilitation cone pathway. Our findings support hypothesis influences function locally within retina, notion refutes dogma only brain.

Language: Английский

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Melanopsin Tristability for Sustained and Broadband Phototransduction

Neuron, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 85(5), P. 1043 - 1055

Published: March 1, 2015

Language: Английский

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Violet-light suppression of thermogenesis by opsin 5 hypothalamic neurons

Nature, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 585(7825), P. 420 - 425

Published: Sept. 2, 2020

Language: Английский

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Functional diversity of human intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells

Science, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 366(6470), P. 1251 - 1255

Published: Dec. 6, 2019

Sensing light without forming images In the rodent retina, intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) entrain circadian rhythms, modulate mood, and signal pupillary accommodation. Such responses are light-driven but not image-based. Working with donated human organ tissues, Mure et al. used electrophysiological approaches to identify ipRGCs in retina. The retina has more cones than retinas of nocturnal mice rats. Differences sensitivity, latency, duration identified three subtypes ipRGCs. Science , this issue p. 1251

Language: Английский

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Melanopsin-Expressing Intrinsically Photosensitive Retinal Ganglion Cells in Retinal Disease

Optometry and Vision Science, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 91(8), P. 894 - 903

Published: May 30, 2014

Melanopsin-containing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are a class of photoreceptors with established roles in non–image-forming processes. Their contributions to image-forming vision may include the estimation brightness. Animal models have been central for understanding physiological mechanisms ipRGC function and there is evidence conservation across species. Intrinsically can be divided into five cell subtypes that show morphological functional diversity. Research humans has ipRGCs signal environmental irradiance entrain body clock solar day regulating circadian processes sleep. In addition, mediate pupil light reflex (PLR), making PLR readily accessible behavioral marker activity. Less known about optic nerve disease, emerging research providing insight their diabetes, retinitis pigmentosa, glaucoma, hereditary neuropathy. We briefly review anatomical distributions, projections, basic proposed functions animals without eye disease. introduce paradigm differentiating inner outer inputs pupillary control pathway disease apply this patients age-related macular degeneration (AMD). these cases AMD, we provide initial altered dysfunction more pronounced advanced Our perspective refined pupillometry paradigms, extended AMD assessment as tool measurement dysfunction.

Language: Английский

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