Thyroid dysfunction in COVID-19

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 20(6), P. 336 - 348

Published: Feb. 12, 2024

Language: Английский

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Thyroid function during COVID-19 and post-COVID complications in adults: a systematic review

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 4, 2025

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, has presented multifaceted health challenges. COVID-19 primarily targets system but also affects multiple organ systems, including endocrine system. Emerging evidence suggests interactions between thyroid function, phase of COVID-19, and prolonged symptoms known as post-COVID sequalae or long COVID. Several studies have reported that can induce dysfunction, leading to conditions such thyroiditis alterations in hormone levels. mechanisms through which SARS-CoV-2 include direct viral infection cells, thyroiditis, causes inflammation transient sustained well an excessive systemic immune response (cytokine storm). This is associated with elevated levels cytokines, IL-6, disrupt function lead nonthyroidal illness (NTIS). Medications administered during phase, corticosteroids antiviral drugs, impact actions. involvement gland COVID, postacute sequelae infection, area not defined, potential implications for understanding managing this condition. Persistent low-grade affecting over time ongoing exacerbate pre-existing conditions. Viral infections, SARS-CoV-2, trigger worsen autoimmune diseases, Hashimoto’s Graves’ disease. Long COVID may hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis, can, turn, affect hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) abnormal function. review was designed systematically capture recent literature on COVID-19-related dysfunction adult population, prognostic consequences effects patients A comprehensive search PubMed EMBASE databases conducted. systematic performed based Preferred Reporting Items Systematic Reviews Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Study quality assessed using Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP). total 53 met inclusion criteria. summarises findings provides update current spectrum disorders, underscoring complex nature its far-reaching impacts human health.

Language: Английский

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The Impact of Non-Thyroidal Illness Syndromes on The Prognosis and Immune Profile in Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome Patients

Infection and Drug Resistance, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: Volume 18, P. 1439 - 1449

Published: March 1, 2025

Non-thyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS) is the most common endocrine dysfunction in critically ill patients and often associated with poor prognosis. Thyroid immune cell disturbances are frequently observed severe fever thrombocytopenia (SFTS). This study aims to evaluate impact of NTIS on prognosis SFTS explore relationship between thyroid hormones (THs) profiles. Adult admitted Yantai Qishan Hospital for from January 2023 December no prior history disease were retrospectively recruited. Multivariable regressions used assess associations clinical outcomes. Spearman correlation analysis was conducted relationships cells THs. categorized into four subtypes based different levels FT4 TSH, association mortality further analyzed. Of 84 included study, 62 (73.8%) diagnosed NTIS. Independent risk predictors which may affect include subtype (P =0.002), viral load = 0.029), FT3 0.032), 0.041). exhibited a higher rate compared euthyroid 0.033). revealed that LYM, LYM%, MONO, MONO%, BAS, CD3+T, CD3+T%, Th, Th% positively correlated FT3, FT4, or TSH levels. more likely present coagulation abnormalities (APTT, P 0.005; D-Dimer, < 0.001), liver enzyme (AST, electrolyte imbalances (Sodium, 0.003), elevated LDH increased ɑ-HBDH 0.003). patients, have lower survival patients. The type 3 than those 1.

Language: Английский

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COVID-19 associated thyroid dysfunction and other comorbidities and its management using phytochemical-based therapeutics: a natural way

Bioscience Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 43(7)

Published: May 22, 2023

Abstract The present severe acute respiratory syndrome-2 (SARS-CoV-2) mediated Coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) and post-COVID-19 complications affect human life drastically. Patients who have been cured of COVID-19 infection are now experiencing associated comorbidities, which increased mortality rates. SARS-CoV-2 distresses the lungs, kidneys, gastrointestinal tract, various endocrine glands, including thyroid. emergence variants includes Omicron (B.1.1.529) its lineages threaten world severely. Among different therapeutic approaches, phytochemical-based therapeutics not only cost-effective but also lesser side effects. Recently a plethora studies shown efficacy phytochemicals for treatment COVID-19. Besides this, found efficacious in treating several inflammatory diseases, thyroid-related anomalies. method phytochemical formulation is quick facile raw materials such herbal preparations approved worldwide use against certain disease conditions. Owing to advantages phytochemicals, this review primarily discusses COVID-19-related thyroid dysfunction role key deal with anomaly complications. Further, shed light on mechanism via related complication organ function body, along mechanistic insight into way by could help cure patients. Considering offered as safer medication they can be potentially used combat COVID-19-associated comorbidities.

Language: Английский

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The Spectrum of Thyroid Function Tests and Autoantibodies During Hospitalization and After Six Months of Discharge in COVID-19 Patients: Does COVID-19 Trigger Autoimmunity?

Endocrine Research, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 48(2-3), P. 44 - 54

Published: March 8, 2023

ABSTRACTObjective The aim of the study was to investigate thyroid function test (TFT) results and anti-thyroid antibody titers in acutely infected COVID-19 patients, as well changes TFT autoantibody during 6-months recovery period among survivors.Patients Design A total 163 adult patients 124 survivors were evaluated terms (thyroid stimulating hormone [TSH], free triiodothyronine [fT3], thyroxine [fT4]) antibodies (anti-thyroglobulin [anti-Tg] peroxidase [anti-TPO]).Results Thyroid dysfunction noted 56.4% on admission, including non-thyroidal illness syndrome (NTIS) most cases. Presence vs. absence admission associated with significantly higher rate severe disease (p < 0.001), while mild-to-moderate lower serum fT3 levels = 0.001). Overall, 94.4% euthyroid at time 6 months post-discharge, some post-COVID-19 also increased anti-TPO presence new-onset or persistent subclinical hypothyroidism.Conclusion This is one few studies evaluate autoantibodies over a 6-month after from COVID-19. emergent hypothyroidism convalescence suggest need for follow-up development autoimmunity survivors.KEYWORDS: AutoimmunityCOVID-19post-recoverythyroid functional status Disclosure statementNo potential conflict interest reported by authors.Additional informationFundingThe author(s) that there no funding work featured this article.

Language: Английский

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Subacute thyroiditis in the SARS-CoV-2 era: a multicentre prospective study

European Thyroid Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(3)

Published: June 1, 2024

Objective Many cases of subacute thyroiditis (SAT) have been described related to SARS-CoV-2 infection, but no prospective data about follow-up are known. This prospective, longitudinal, 3-year, multicentre study aims explore the clinical peculiarities and outcome SAT in relation ascertained with antibody dosage. Methods All patients receiving diagnosis from November 2020 May 2022 were enrolled. Data on anamnesis, physical examination, blood tests (TSH, freeT4, freeT3, thyroglobulin, anti-thyroid antibodies, C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, complete count), thyroid ultrasound collected. At baseline, presence IgG against spike protein or nucleocapsid was investigated. Patients evaluated after 1, 3, 6, 12 months. Results Sixty-six subjects 54 presented pain, 36 (67%) for at least 15 days. Serum measurements documented that 7 out 52 (13.5%) had infection before (COVID+). No significant differences between COVID+ COVID− groups found except respiratory symptoms fever, which more common ( P = 0.039 0.021, respectively). Among 41 who completed follow-up, did not differ therapeutic approach outcome, all having an improvement neck inflammation parameters, features. Conclusion is first investigating any difference both presentation previous those without. Our demonstrate does impact onset, evolution, outcome.

Language: Английский

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Risk of Incident Thyroid Dysfunction in the Post-Acute Phase of COVID-19: A Population-Based Cohort Study in Hong Kong

Endocrine Practice, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(6), P. 528 - 536

Published: March 28, 2024

Language: Английский

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SARS-COV-2 specific t-cells in patients with thyroid disorders related to COVID-19 are enriched in the thyroid and acquire a tissue-resident memory phenotype

Clinical Immunology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 254, P. 109684 - 109684

Published: July 13, 2023

SARS-CoV-2 infections have been associated with the onset of thyroid disorders like classic subacute thyroiditis (SAT) or atypical SAT upon severe COVID disease (COV-A-SAT). Little is known about anti-viral immune responses. To define role T-cells in COV-A-SAT. from COV-A-SAT patients were analyzed by multi-dimensional flow cytometry, UMAP and DiffusionMap dimensionality reduction FlowSOM clustering. COVID-naïve healthy donors, autoimmune (ATD) following vaccination as controls. four eight months post-infection peripheral blood specimen obtained ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration. SARS-COV2-specific identified cytokine production induced SARS-COV2-derived peptides peptide-loaded HLA multimers after haplotyping. was HLA-DRB1*13 HLA-B*57. contained activated Th1- cytotoxic CD4+ CD8+ effector cells post-infection, which acquired a quiescent memory phenotype months. Anti-SARS-CoV-2-specific T-cell responses readily detectable but reduced tissue-resident (TRM) present thyroid, circulating CXCR3 + their putative precursors. SARS-CoV-2-specific enriched TRM post-infection. The association specific haplotypes suggests genetic predisposition key for T-cells. characterized prolonged systemic response late generation COVID-specific target tissue.

Language: Английский

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Patterns of thyroid gland dysfunction among hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia

Egyptian Journal of Bronchology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 18(1)

Published: July 19, 2024

Abstract Background Since the onset of COVID-19 pandemic, multiple studies have reported a bidirectional between and dysfunction thyroid gland. These identified various forms that been found to affect severity outcome infection. However, data from these inconsistent conflicting. Our objective was assess prevalence types among moderate severe cases pneumonia. In addition, study aimed evaluate after recovery Patient methods this observational prospective on clinical features individuals with pneumonia who were admitted Zagazig University isolation hospitals April December 2022 their laboratory results gathered examined. Thyroid function tests, including TSH, FT3, FT4, conducted for all patients upon admission. Follow-up testing performed initially had aberrant lab 90 days recovering Results The comprised total 136 (44.1%) (55.9%) Sick euthyroid syndrome most prevalent form dysfunction, accounting 58.7% disorders After post-COVID-19 examination, observed in 61% cases. A statistically significant correlation noted levels free T3, ratio T3 T4. large percentage showed complete sick syndrome. All diagnosed primary hypothyroidism maintained condition, whereas those hyperthyroidism recovery. Conclusion may experience several patterns nonthyroidal illness dysfunctions are associated intensity inflammatory response Nevertheless, alterations predominantly reversible

Language: Английский

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