Journal of the Endocrine Society,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
5(11)
Published: Sept. 27, 2021
Abstract
Reproduction
is
an
essential
function
for
perpetuation
of
the
species.
As
such,
it
controlled
by
sophisticated
regulatory
mechanisms
that
allow
a
perfect
match
between
environmental
conditions
and
internal
cues
to
ensure
adequate
pubertal
maturation
achievement
reproductive
capacity.
Besides
classical
genetic
events,
mounting
evidence
has
documented
different
epigenetic
operate
at
levels
axis
finely
tune
development
this
complex
neuroendocrine
system
along
lifespan.
In
mini-review,
we
summarize
recent
on
role
epigenetics
in
control
reproduction,
with
special
focus
modulation
central
components
axis.
Particular
attention
will
be
paid
puberty
Kiss1
neurons
because
major
developments
have
taken
place
domain
recently.
addition,
putative
mediating
influence
nutritional
discussed.
International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
22(2), P. 972 - 972
Published: Jan. 19, 2021
The
endocannabinoid
system
(ECS)
is
a
lipid
cell
signaling
involved
in
the
physiology
and
homeostasis
of
brain
peripheral
tissues.
Synaptic
plasticity,
neuroendocrine
functions,
reproduction,
immune
response
among
others
all
require
activity
functional
ECS,
with
onset
disease
case
ECS
impairment.
Estrogens,
classically
considered
as
female
steroid
hormones,
regulate
growth,
differentiation,
many
other
functions
broad
range
target
tissues
both
sexes
through
activation
nuclear
membrane
estrogen
receptors
(ERs),
which
leads
to
genomic
non-genomic
responses.
Since
function
overlaps
or
integrates
systems,
this
review
aims
at
updating
knowledge
about
possible
crosstalk
between
(ES)
central
level,
focuses
on
nervous
system,
cancer.
The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
107(6), P. 1739 - 1750
Published: Feb. 1, 2022
Abstract
Pediatric
endocrinologists
often
evaluate
and
treat
youth
with
delayed
puberty.
Stereotypically,
these
patients
are
14-year-old
young
men
who
present
due
to
lack
of
pubertal
development.
Concerns
about
stature
present,
arising
from
gradual
shifts
lower
height
percentiles
on
the
population-based,
cross-sectional
curves.
Fathers
and/or
mothers
may
have
also
experienced
later
than
average
onset.
In
this
review,
we
will
discuss
a
practical
clinical
approach
evaluation
management
puberty,
including
differential
diagnosis
key
aspects
informed
by
recent
review
existing
literature.
We
scenarios
that
pose
additional
challenges,
including:
(1)
woman
whose
case
poses
questions
regarding
how
presentation
differs
for
females
vs
males;
(2)
female
or
16-year-old
man
highlight
need
reconsider
most
likely
diagnoses,
whether
idiopathic
puberty
can
still
be
considered
constitutional
delay
growth
at
such
late
ages;
finally
(3)
12-
13-year-old
raises
age
cutoffs
treatment
should
adjusted
downward
coincide
earlier
onset
in
general
population.
Current Opinion in Pediatrics,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
33(4), P. 449 - 457
Published: June 23, 2021
Purpose
of
review
The
objective
this
is
to
assess
the
most
recent
literature
on
pubertal
trends
in
boys
and
girls
as
well
evaluate
genetic,
epigenetic,
environmental
factors
implicated
timing
progression.
Recent
findings
studies
confirm
previously
described
link
between
increased
adiposity
earlier
onset
puberty
girls,
more
shed
light
onto
unclear
situation
a
preponderance
longitudinal
suggests
that
linked
with
also
boys.
Discoveries
novel
pathways
highlights
complexity
development
suggest
mechanistic
links
nutrition,
obesity,
leptin,
insulin
resistance,
puberty.
Furthermore,
genetic
epigenetic
variants
can
be
early
Other
factors,
such
prenatal
postnatal
environment,
gut
microbiota,
endocrine-disrupting
chemicals
have
been
both
obesity
Summary
Understanding
how
interactions
these
contribute
relationship
crucial
has
long-term
consequences,
short
stature,
type
2
diabetes,
cardiovascular
disease,
poor
psychological
behavioral
outcomes.
Frontiers in Genetics,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13
Published: July 12, 2022
A
fair
number
of
epidemiological
studies
suggest
that
age
at
menarche
(AAM)
is
associated
with
depression,
but
the
reported
effect
sizes
are
small,
and
there
evidence
residual
confounding.
Moreover,
previous
Mendelian
randomization
(MR)
to
avoid
inferential
problems
inherent
have
provided
mixed
findings.
To
clarify
causal
relationship
between
broadly
defined
depression
risk,
we
used
360
genome-wide
significantly
AAM-related
single-nucleotide
polymorphisms
(SNPs)
as
instrumental
variable
data
from
latest
GWAS
for
risk
on
807,553
individuals
(246,363
cases
561,190
controls).
Multiple
methods
account
heterogeneity
(penalized
weighted
median,
MR
Lasso,
contamination
mixture
method),
systematic
idiosyncratic
pleiotropy
(MR
RAPS),
horizontal
PRESSO
multivariable
using
three
methods)
were
used.
Body
mass
index,
education
attainment,
total
white
blood
count
considered
pleiotropic
phenotypes
in
analysis.
In
univariable
[inverse-variance
(IVW):
OR
=
0.96,
95%
confidence
interval
0.94–0.98,
p
0.0003]
analysis
(IVW:
0.94–0.99,
0.007),
was
a
significant
AAM
risk.
Thus,
present
study
supports
conclusions
implicating
without
pitfalls
confounding
reverse
causation.
Considering
adverse
consequences
an
earlier
mental
health,
this
finding
should
foster
efforts
address
factors
promote
AAM.
The Italian Journal of Pediatrics/Italian journal of pediatrics,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
48(1)
Published: Aug. 13, 2022
Abstract
Backgrounds
During
the
Coronavirus-19
disease
(Covid-19)
pandemic
it
was
observed
that
number
of
girls
presenting
with
early
puberty
had
increased.
The
aim
this
study
to
carry
out
a
retrospective
evaluation
characteristics
who
been
referred
for
precocious
in
five
different
pediatric
endocrinology
units,
before
and
during
pandemic.
Methods
participants
comprised
359
were
assigned
into
2
groups
pre-pandemic
group
(
n
:214)
:145).
Those
:99)
medical
records
follow-up
period
classified
3
subgroups
according
time
presentation
visits
(group-1:
first
admission
visit
pandemic,
group-2:
group-3:
pandemic).
Results
age
at
pubertal
onset
both
significantly
lower
than
those
group(8.1
vs
8.6,
p
:
<
0.001,7.7
7.9,
:0.013,
respectively).
There
no
significant
difference
between
body
mass
index
standard
deviation
scores
(BMI-SDS)
values
(0.57
0.51,
:0.430).
initiation
rate
suppression
therapy
higher
compared
(7.7%vs
27.5%),
groups-2
&
group-1,
(20%&44%vs
8%).
Conclusion
Our
research
showed
occurred
earlier
previous
year,
need
increased
Nutrients,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(14), P. 2362 - 2362
Published: July 21, 2024
Minipuberty
is
a
term
describing
temporary,
sex-specific
activation
of
the
hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal
axis,
which
implicated
in
development
male
and
female
genital
organs.
Sons
women
with
low
vitamin
D
during
gestation
were
found
to
be
characterized
by
increased
activity
reproductive
axis
faster
postnatal
growth
The
current
study
assesses
for
first
time
course
minipuberty
descendants
deficit.
population
included
three
matched
groups
infant
girls:
children
born
deficiency
(25OHD
concentration
below
50
nmol/L),
offspring
insufficiency
between
75
daughters
healthy
females
150
nmol/L).
Salivary
concentrations
estradiol,
progesterone,
17-hydroxyprogesterone
androgens,
as
well
urine
FSH
LH,
assayed
18
months
life
(once
month
6
months,
bimonthly
12,
then
every
months).
At
each
visit,
beyond
hormone
measurements,
investigators
assessed
size
organs:
ovaries,
uterus
breasts.
In
mothers
deficiency,
FSH,
LH
estradiol
higher
detectable
longer
period
time,
while
ovarian
volume,
uterine
length
breast
diameter
greater
than
remaining
groups.
Children
levels
females,
though
detection
was
same,
both
differed
diameter.
These
findings
suggest
that
status
leads
more
pronounced
longer-lasting
associated
dimensions
sexual
organs,
magnitude
depends
on
degree
Journal of Neuroscience,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
45(11), P. e1681242024 - e1681242024
Published: March 12, 2025
Early
age
at
menarche
(early
AAM)
and
polycystic
ovary
syndrome
(PCOS)
are
reproductive
metabolic
disorders
with
overlapping
pathophysiological
genetic
features.
Epidemiological
studies
suggest
a
link
between
these
two
conditions,
both
of
which
characterized
by
dysregulation
the
neuroendocrine
pathways
that
control
pulsatile
gonadotropin-releasing
hormone
secretion,
thus
affecting
gonadotropin
release,
particularly
luteinizing
secretion.
A
common
pathophysiology
involving
positive
energy
balance
abnormal
status
is
evident
in
disorders.
Genetic
epigenetic
factors
influence
onset
puberty
outcomes.
Genome-wide
association
have
identified
variants
associated
AAM
PCOS,
genes
related
to
axis
(e.g.,
FSHB)
obesity
FTO).
In
addition,
high-throughput
sequencing
has
revealed
rare
loss-of-function
DLK1
gene
women
central
precocious
(CPP),
early
menarche,
who
experienced
adverse
outcomes
adulthood.
This
review
explores
shared
mechanisms
CPP/early
examines
potential
may
offers
insights
into
future
research
treatment
strategies.
Understanding
connections
provide
new
targets
for
therapeutic
interventions
improve
individuals
Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology,
Journal Year:
2020,
Volume and Issue:
8
Published: Nov. 19, 2020
Sirtuins
belong
to
the
class
III
family
of
NAD-dependent
histone
deacetylases
(HDAC)
and
are
involved
in
diverse
physiological
processes
that
range
from
regulation
metabolism
endocrine
function
coordination
immunity
cellular
responses
stress.
Sirtuin-1
(SIRT1)
is
most
well-studied
member
has
been
shown
be
critically
epigenetics,
immunology,
endocrinology.
The
versatile
roles
SIRT1
include
energy
sensing
metabolic
homeostasis,
deacetylation
non-histone
proteins
numerous
tissues,
neuro-endocrine
via
stimulation
hypothalamus-pituitary
axes,
synthesis
maintenance
reproductive
hormones
steroidogenesis,
innate
adaptive
immune
system
T-
B-cell
maturation,
chronic
inflammation
autoimmune
diseases.
Moreover,
an
appealing
target
various
disease
contexts
due
promise
pharmacological
and/or
natural
modulators
activity
within
context
immune-related
models.
In
this
review
we
aim
provide
a
broad
overview
on
role
particularly
endocrinology
immunology.
