Sexual selection and genital evolution

Austral Entomology, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 53(1), P. 1 - 17

Published: Sept. 4, 2013

Abstract Male genitalia show patterns of divergent evolution, and sexual selection is recognised as being responsible for this taxonomically widespread phenomenon. Much the empirical support hypothesis comes from studies insects. Here, I synthesise literature on insect genital use synthesis to address debate over mechanisms most likely explain observed macroevolutionary divergence in morphology. Studies seven orders provide evidence that non‐intromittent are subject through their effects mating success, while intromittent fertilisation success. However, quantitative methods analyse form necessary identify involved. Phylogenetic analyses diverse taxonomic groups confirm male morphology can be predicted variation opportunity selection. revolves around importance female choice conflict evolution genitalia, resolution which lies economic interactions recognising a continuum between competition, choice. The species isolating lock‐and‐key frequently dismissed unimportant because part perceived lack across species. Increasingly, however, report species‐specific its coevolutionary with Contemporary views recognise enforces isolation targets quality within populations, placing processes into realm Distinguishing species‐isolating directional forms will require examine both tempo mode divergence, among

Language: Английский

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Polyandry as a mediator of sexual selection before and after mating

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 368(1613), P. 20120042 - 20120042

Published: Jan. 22, 2013

The Darwin-Bateman paradigm recognizes competition among males for access to multiple mates as the main driver of sexual selection. Increasingly, however, females are also being found benefit from mating so that polyandry can generate males, and impose selection on female traits influence their success. Polyandry reduce a male's ability monopolize females, thus weaken male focused Perhaps most important effect arises because sperm cryptic choice. favours increased ejaculate expenditure affect by reducing potential reproductive rate. Moreover, after ameliorate or exaggerate before mating. Currently, estimates intensity rely heavily measures success, but now raises serious questions over validity such approaches. Future work must take into account both pre- post-copulatory episodes A change in focus products expected less obvious sensory perception, is likely reveal greater role evolution.

Language: Английский

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Sexual Selection in Complex Environments

Annual Review of Entomology, Journal Year: 2013, Volume and Issue: 59(1), P. 427 - 445

Published: Oct. 25, 2013

Sexual selection has resulted in some of the most captivating features insects, including flashy colors, bizarre structures, and complex pheromones. These evolve dynamic environments, where conditions can change rapidly over space time. However, only recently ecological complexity been embraced by theory practice sexual selection. We review replicated studies as well on variation agents to delineate gaps current knowledge clarify exciting new directions for research. Existing work suggests that fluctuations may be extremely common, though factors influencing these is scarce. suggest deeper perspectives alter fundamental assumptions lead discoveries.

Language: Английский

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Sexual selection and the evolution of sperm quality

Molecular Human Reproduction, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 20(12), P. 1180 - 1189

Published: Oct. 16, 2014

Sperm experience intense and varied selection that dramatically impacts the evolution of sperm quality. Selection acts to ensure are fertilization-competent able overcome many challenges experienced on their way towards eggs. However, simply being fertilize an egg is not enough male fertility in most species. Owing prevalence female multiple mating throughout animal kingdom, successful fertilization requires outcompete rival sperm. In addition, females can actively influence quality, storage or utilization fertility. This review provides overview how these selective forces After exploring link between traits fertility, we examine post-mating competition ejaculates influences We then describe complex genetic, social sexual interactions focusing importance seminal fluid female's reproductive tract. light complexities traits, greater use multivariate approaches incorporate male–male, sperm–sperm sperm–female study quality will enhance our understanding factors influencing Because metric success—fertilization—is same across argue information about gained from non-human animals has enormous potential further impact human

Language: Английский

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Nuclear morphologies: their diversity and functional relevance

Chromosoma, Journal Year: 2016, Volume and Issue: 126(2), P. 195 - 212

Published: Sept. 8, 2016

Studies of chromosome and genome biology often focus on condensed chromatin in the form chromosomes neglect non-dividing cells. Even when interphase nuclei are considered, they then treated as interchangeable round objects. However, different cell types can have very nuclear shapes, these shapes impacts cellular function; indeed, many pathologies linked with alterations to shape. In this review, we describe some morphologies beyond spherical ovoid. Many leukocytes immune system lobed nuclei, which aid their flexibility migration; smooth muscle cells a spindle shaped nucleus, must deform during contractions; spermatozoa highly adopt varied potentially associated swimming efficiency. Nuclei not passive passengers within cell. There clear effects shape transcriptional activity Recent work has shown that regulation gene expression be influenced by morphology, drastically remodel differentiation. The link between nucleoskeleton cytoskeleton at envelope provides mechanism for transmission mechanical forces into directly affecting compaction organisation.

Language: Английский

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The Sexual Cascade and the Rise of Pre-Ejaculatory (Darwinian) Sexual Selection, Sex Roles, and Sexual Conflict

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 6(10), P. a017509 - a017509

Published: Aug. 21, 2014

Geoff A. Parker Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behaviour, Institute Integrative Biology, University Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, United Kingdom Correspondence: gap{at}liverpool.ac.uk

Language: Английский

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Evolution of Selfing: Recurrent Patterns in Molecular Adaptation

Annual Review of Ecology Evolution and Systematics, Journal Year: 2015, Volume and Issue: 46(1), P. 593 - 622

Published: Oct. 30, 2015

Selfing has evolved in animals, fungi, and plants, since Darwin's pioneering study, it is considered one of the most frequent evolutionary trends flowering plants. Generally, evolution selfing characterized by a loss self-incompatibility, syndrome, changes genome-wide polymorphism patterns. Recent interdisciplinary studies involving molecular functional experiments, data, experimental evolution, ecology using Arabidopsis thaliana, Caenorhabditis elegans, other species show that not merely degradation outcrossing traits but model for studying recurrent patterns underlying adaptive evolution. For example, wild relatives, self-compatibility from mutations male specificity gene, S-LOCUS CYSTEINE-RICH PROTEIN/S-LOCUS PROTEIN 11 (SCR/SP11), rather than female RECEPTOR KINASE (SRK), supporting theoretical prediction sexual asymmetry. Prevalence dominant self-compatible consistent with Haldane's sieve, which acts against recessive mutations. Time estimates based on polymorphisms self-incompatibility genes generally support recent origin selfing.

Language: Английский

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Evolutionary Trade-Off between Secondary Sexual Traits and Ejaculates

Trends in Ecology & Evolution, Journal Year: 2017, Volume and Issue: 32(12), P. 964 - 976

Published: Oct. 16, 2017

Language: Английский

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Female monopolization mediates the relationship between pre- and postcopulatory sexual traits

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: 5(1)

Published: Jan. 23, 2014

Language: Английский

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Gamete and Zygote Transport

Elsevier eBooks, Journal Year: 2014, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 197 - 232

Published: Nov. 21, 2014

Language: Английский

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