EClinicalMedicine,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
68, P. 102375 - 102375
Published: Jan. 2, 2024
Mortality
and
severe
morbidity
remain
high
in
extremely
preterm
infants.
Human
milk-based
nutrient
fortifiers
may
prevent
serious
complications
death.
We
aimed
to
investigate
whether
supplementation
with
human
fortifier
(HMBF),
as
compared
bovine
(BMBF),
reduced
the
incidence
of
composite
outcome
necrotising
enterocolitis
(NEC),
sepsis,
mortality
infants
exclusively
fed
milk.
PEDIATRICS,
Journal Year:
2025,
Volume and Issue:
155(2)
Published: Jan. 23, 2025
To
compare
incidence
of
late-onset
sepsis
(LOS)
among
extremely
preterm
infants
before
and
during
the
COVID-19
pandemic.
Multicenter
cohort
study
with
birthweight
401
to
1000
g
or
gestational
age
22
28
weeks.
LOS
was
defined
as
a
bacterial
fungal
pathogen
isolated
from
blood
cerebrospinal
fluid
culture
obtained
after
72
hours
age.
Primary
outcome
calculated
proportion
(LOS
cases
all
admissions)
rate
events/1000
patient
days).
A
multivariable
Poisson
regression
model
used
adjusted
risk
(1/1/18-3/31/20)
pandemic
(4/1/20-12/31/21).
An
interrupted
time
series
analysis
using
generalized
linear
mixed
center
random
effect
rates
2
periods.
Among
6509
eligible
infants,
not
different
(18.2%)
(16.9%;
P
=
.18).
The
relative
(95%
CI)
for
0.93
(0.82-1.05)
mortality
0.98
(0.88-1.08)
compared
period
In
analysis,
there
no
significant
change
in
at
start
(0.219,
95%
CI,
-0.453
0.891)
microbiology
LOS,
trends
(-0.005,
-0.025
0.015).
large
multicenter
remained
unchanged
Children,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
10(5), P. 907 - 907
Published: May 22, 2023
As
the
leading
cause
of
neonatal
morbidity
and
mortality,
preterm
birth
is
recognized
as
a
major
public
health
concern
around
world.
The
purpose
this
review
to
analyze
connection
between
infections
premature
birth.
Spontaneous
commonly
associated
with
intrauterine
infection/inflammation.
overproduction
prostaglandins
caused
by
inflammation
an
infection
could
lead
uterine
contractions,
contributing
delivery.
Many
pathogens,
particularly
Chlamydia
trachomatis,
Neisseria
gonorrhoeae,
Trichomonas
vaginalis,
Gardnerella
Ureaplasma
urealyticum,
Mycoplasma
hominis,
Actinomyces,
Candida
spp.,
Streptococcus
spp.
have
been
related
delivery,
chorioamnionitis,
sepsis
neonate.
Further
research
regarding
prevention
delivery
required
in
order
develop
effective
preventive
methods
aim
reducing
morbidity.
Antibiotics,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
12(3), P. 508 - 508
Published: March 3, 2023
Antibiotics
are
the
most
frequently
prescribed
drugs
in
neonatal
intensive
care
units
(NICUs)
due
to
severity
of
complications
accompanying
sepsis.
However,
antimicrobial
often
used
inappropriately
difficulties
diagnosing
sepsis
population.
The
reckless
use
antibiotics
leads
development
resistant
strains,
rendering
multidrug-resistant
pathogens
a
serious
problem
NICUs
and
global
threat
public
health.
aim
this
narrative
review
is
provide
brief
overview
an
update
on
data
regarding
indications
for
therapy
initiation,
current
guidance
empirical
selection
duration
therapy,
early
discontinuation.
Antibiotics,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
12(3), P. 554 - 554
Published: March 10, 2023
Infections
are
one
of
the
most
significant
complications
neonates,
especially
those
born
preterm,
with
sepsis
as
principal
causes
mortality.
Coagulase-negative
staphylococci
(CoNS),
a
group
staphylococcal
species
that
naturally
inhabit
healthy
human
skin
and
mucosa,
common
cause
late-onset
sepsis,
in
preterms.
One
risk
factors
for
development
CoNS
infections
is
presence
implanted
biomedical
devices,
which
frequently
used
medications
and/or
nutrient
delivery,
they
serve
scaffold
biofilm
formation.
The
major
concerns
related
to
have
do
increasing
resistance
multiple
antibiotics
observed
among
this
bacterial
cells'
increased
tolerance
antibiotics.
As
such,
treatment
biofilm-associated
increasingly
challenging
considering
remain
primary
form
treatment,
issue
will
likely
persist
upcoming
years.
For
reason,
innovative
efficient
therapeutic
measures
utmost
importance.
This
narrative
review
assesses
current
challenges
emerging
diagnostic
tools
therapies
infections,
special
focus
on
sepsis.
JAMA Pediatrics,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
178(8), P. 792 - 792
Published: June 24, 2024
Importance
The
Centers
for
Disease
Control
and
Prevention
plans
to
introduce
hospital-onset
bacteremia
(HOB)
as
a
health
care–associated
infection
measure.
epidemiology
clinical
characteristics
of
HOB
among
infants
admitted
the
neonatal
intensive
care
unit
(NICU)
are
unknown.
Objective
To
estimate
rate
NICU,
measure
association
risk
with
birth
weight
group
postnatal
age,
HOB-attributable
mortality.
Design,
Setting,
Participants
This
retrospective
multicenter
cohort
study
emulated
trial
from
2016
2021
included
convenience
sample
322
NICUs
in
United
States.
were
participating
4
or
more
days.
Exposures
primary
exposures
age.
Additional
small
gestational
age
central
line
presence.
Main
Outcomes
Measures
outcomes
Results
Of
451
443
infants,
250
763
(55.6%)
male,
200
680
(44.4%)
female,
62
091
(13.8%)
born
1500
g
less.
9015
events
that
occurred
8356
(2%)
during
8
163
432
days
at
(unadjusted
incidence
rate,
1.1
per
1000
patient-days;
95%
CI,
1.0-1.2),
4888
(54.2%)
absence
line.
Within
first
2
weeks
after
birth,
was
14.2
patient-days
(95%
12.6-16.1)
750
less,
0.4
than
2500
0.4-0.5).
Among
relative
decreased
by
90%
day
42
compared
14
(incidence
ratio
[IRR],
0.10;
0.1-0.1).
Conversely,
g,
increased
50%
(IRR,
1.5,
1.2-1.9).
Compared
otherwise
similar
without
HOB,
had
an
absolute
difference
attributable
mortality
5.5%
4.7-6.3).
Conclusions
Relevance
found
NICU
associated
Birth
is
important
factor
HOB;
however,
decreases
over
low-birth-weight
increases
g.
Identifying
strategies
prevent
programs
decrease
urgently
needed
reduce
infant
Gut Microbes,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
16(1)
Published: July 23, 2024
Streptococcus
agalactiae,
also
known
as
Group
B
(GBS),
is
a
predominant
pathogen
of
neonatal
sepsis,
commonly
associated
with
early-onset
sepsis.
GBS
has
been
cases
late-onset
sepsis
potentially
originating
from
the
intestine.
Previous
findings
have
shown
can
colonize
infant
intestinal
tract
part
microbiota.
To
better
understand
colonization
dynamics
in
intestine,
we
collected
stool
and
milk
samples
prematurely
born
neonates
for
identification
potential
pathogens
was
present
approximately
10%
cohort,
this
not
maternal
status,
delivery
route,
or
gestational
weight.
Interestingly,
observed
relative
abundance
negatively
correlated
IgA
concentration
matched
samples.
Using
preclinical
murine
model
infection,
report
that
both
vertical
transmission
direct
oral
introduction
resulted
GBS;
however,
translocation
beyond
intestine
limited.
Finally,
vaccination
dams
prior
to
breeding
induced
strong
immunoglobulin
responses,
including
which
were
reduced
mortality
colonization.
Taken
together,
show
may
contribute
immunity
by
limiting
