COVID-19 DOI
Kristen Marks, Roy M. Gulick

Annals of Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 176(10), P. ITC145 - ITC160

Published: Oct. 1, 2023

COVID-19, the illness caused by SARS-CoV-2, became a worldwide pandemic in 2020. Initial clinical manifestations range from asymptomatic infection to mild upper respiratory but may progress pulmonary involvement with hypoxemia and, some cases, multiorgan involvement, shock, and death. Older adults, pregnant persons, those common comorbidities, immunosuppression are at greatest risk for progression. Vaccination is effective preventing symptomatic reducing severe disease, hospitalization, Antiviral treatment immunomodulators have been shown benefit certain patients. This article summarizes current recommendations on prevention, diagnosis, management, of COVID-19.

Language: Английский

Real-world use of nirmatrelvir–ritonavir in outpatients with COVID-19 during the era of omicron variants including BA.4 and BA.5 in Colorado, USA: a retrospective cohort study DOI Creative Commons
Neil Krishan Aggarwal, Kyle C. Molina, Laurel Beaty

et al.

The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(6), P. 696 - 705

Published: Feb. 11, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

107
Effectiveness of nirmatrelvir–ritonavir in preventing hospital admissions and deaths in people with COVID-19: a cohort study in a large US health-care system DOI Creative Commons
Joseph A. Lewnard,

John M. McLaughlin,

Deborah E. Malden

et al.

The Lancet Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 23(7), P. 806 - 815

Published: March 15, 2023

In the USA, oral nirmatrelvir-ritonavir is authorised for use in patients aged 12 years or older with mild-to-moderate COVID-19 who are at risk of progression to severe disease and hospitalisation. We aimed establish effectiveness preventing hospital admissions death people an outpatient prescribing context USA.

Language: Английский

Citations

93
COVID-19 Surveillance After Expiration of the Public Health Emergency Declaration ― United States, May 11, 2023 DOI Open Access

Benjamin J. Silk,

Heather M. Scobie,

William M. Duck

et al.

MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 72(19), P. 523 - 528

Published: May 5, 2023

On January 31, 2020, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) declared, under Section 319 Public Service Act, a public health emergency because emergence novel virus, SARS-CoV-2.* After 13 renewals, will expire on May 11, 2023. Authorizations to collect certain data that date as well. Monitoring impact COVID-19 effectiveness prevention control strategies remains priority, number surveillance indicators have been identified facilitate ongoing monitoring. expiration emergency, COVID-19-associated hospital admission levels be primary indicator trends help guide community personal decisions related risk behaviors; percentage deaths among all reported deaths, based provisional death certificate data, used monitor mortality. Emergency department (ED) visits with diagnosis positive SARS-CoV-2 test results, derived from an established sentinel network, detect early changes in trends. National genomic continue estimate variant proportions; wastewater traveler-based also variants. Disease severity hospitalization-related outcomes are monitored via large care databases. vaccination coverage, vaccine (VE), safety continue. Integrated for other respiratory viruses can further efforts. hospitalizations largely preventable through receipt updated vaccines timely administration therapeutics (1-4).

Language: Английский

Citations

71
Clinical course and management of COVID-19 in the era of widespread population immunity DOI
Eric A. Meyerowitz, Jake Scott, Aaron Richterman

et al.

Nature Reviews Microbiology, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 22(2), P. 75 - 88

Published: Dec. 19, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

37
Drug treatment of COVID-19 infection DOI
Grace Lui, Giovanni Guaraldi

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(3), P. 174 - 183

Published: March 14, 2023

COVID-19 pandemic has caused more than 6.6 million deaths globally. Tremendous efforts have been committed for the development of new and repurposed drugs treatment COVID-19. Although different international national guidelines share consensus in management disease with levels severity, challenges emerged, steering need ongoing research advancing clinical

Language: Английский

Citations

31
Safety and Efficacy of Paxlovid Against Omicron Variants of Coronavirus Disease 2019 in Elderly Patients DOI Creative Commons

Cheng‐Zhao Weng,

Rongcheng Xie,

Guanjie Han

et al.

Infectious Diseases and Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(2), P. 649 - 662

Published: Jan. 25, 2023

Language: Английский

Citations

28
Symptoms, Viral Loads, and Rebound Among COVID-19 Outpatients Treated With Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir Compared With Propensity Score–Matched Untreated Individuals DOI Creative Commons
Sarah E. Smith-Jeffcoat, Jessica E Biddle, H. Keipp Talbot

et al.

Clinical Infectious Diseases, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 78(5), P. 1175 - 1184

Published: Nov. 14, 2023

Abstract Background Nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (N/R) reduces severe outcomes from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); however, rebound after treatment has been reported. We compared symptom and viral dynamics in individuals with COVID-19 who completed N/R similar untreated individuals. Methods identified symptomatic participants tested acute respiratory syndrome 2–positive were eligible a household transmission study. Index cases ambulatory settings their households contacts enrolled. collected daily symptoms, medication use, specimens for quantitative polymerase chain reaction 10 days during March 2022—May 2023. Participants (treated) propensity score matched to participants. rebound, load (VL) average VL by status measured completion or 7 onset if untreated. Results Treated (n = 130) 241) had baseline characteristics. After completion, treated greater occurrence of (32% vs 20%; P .009) (27% 7%; < .001). Average symptoms lower among without (1.0 1.6; .01) but not statistically (3.0 3.4; .5). VLs (0.9 2.6; (4.8 5.1; .7). Conclusions Individuals experienced fewer occured more often Providers should prescribe N/R, when indicated, communicate risk patients.

Language: Английский

Citations

24
Public Health Impact of Paxlovid as Treatment for COVID-19, United States DOI Creative Commons
Yuan Bai, Zhanwei Du, Lin Wang

et al.

Emerging infectious diseases, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(2)

Published: Jan. 5, 2024

We evaluated the population-level benefits of expanding treatment with antiviral drug Paxlovid (nirmatrelvir/ritonavir) in United States for SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant infections. Using a multiscale mathematical model, we found that treating 20% symptomatic case-patients over period 300 days beginning January 2022 resulted life and cost savings. In low-transmission scenario (effective reproduction number 1.2), this approach could avert 0.28 million (95% CI 0.03-0.59 million) hospitalizations save US $56.95 billion $2.62-$122.63 billion). higher transmission 3), increase, potentially preventing 0.85 0.36-1.38 saving $170.17 $60.49-$286.14 Our findings suggest timely widespread use be an effective economical to mitigate effects COVID-19.

Language: Английский

Citations

13
Real-World Effectiveness of Ensitrelvir in Reducing Severe Outcomes in Outpatients at High Risk for COVID-19 DOI Creative Commons
Takahiro Takazono, Satoki Fujita,

Takuji Komeda

et al.

Infectious Diseases and Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(8), P. 1821 - 1833

Published: June 28, 2024

This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of ensitrelvir, an oral antiviral, in reducing hospitalization risk outpatients at high-risk for severe COVID-19 during Omicron era. was a retrospective using large Japanese health insurance claims database. It included symptoms who received their first diagnosis between November 2022 and July 2023. The aged ≥ 18 years. primary endpoint all-cause 4-week period from date outpatient medication, comparing ensitrelvir group (n = 5177) no antiviral treatment 162,133). ratio difference were evaluated after adjusting patient background distribution by inverse probability weight (IPTW) method. Secondary endpoints incidence respiratory heart rate monitoring, oxygen therapy, ventilator use, intensive care admission, death. 167,385) 167,310) IPTW adjustment 0.629 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.420, 0.943]. - 0.291 CI 0.494, 0.088]. both monitoring therapy lower group. Ventilator death difficult assess because limited events. significantly than group, suggesting is effective patients COVID-19.

Language: Английский

Citations

13
Early treatment with fluvoxamine, bromhexine, cyproheptadine, and niclosamide to prevent clinical deterioration in patients with symptomatic COVID-19: a randomized clinical trial DOI Creative Commons
Dhammika Leshan Wannigama, Cameron Hurst, Phatthranit Phattharapornjaroen

et al.

EClinicalMedicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 70, P. 102517 - 102517

Published: March 14, 2024

Repurposed drugs with host-directed antiviral and immunomodulatory properties have shown promise in the treatment of COVID-19, but few trials studied combinations these agents. The aim this trial was to assess effectiveness affordable, widely available, repurposed used combination for which may be particularly relevant low-resource countries.

Language: Английский

Citations

11