A guide to cancer immunotherapy: from T cell basic science to clinical practice

Nature reviews. Immunology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 20(11), P. 651 - 668

Published: May 20, 2020

Language: Английский

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From chemotherapy to biological therapy: A review of novel concepts to reduce the side effects of systemic cancer treatment (Review)

International Journal of Oncology, Journal Year: 2018, Volume and Issue: 54(2), P. 407 - 419

Published: Dec. 10, 2018

The side effects of systemic chemotherapy used to treat cancer are often severe. For decades, oncologists have focused on treating the tumor, which may result in damage tumor‑bearing host and its immune system. Recently, much attention has been paid system patients activation via biological therapies. Biological therapies, including immunotherapy oncolytic virus (OV) therapy, more physiological well tolerated. present review elucidated how these therapies work why be better tolerated: i) In contrast chemotherapy, immunotherapies induce a memory function adaptive immunity system; ii) aim specifically activate against cancer; low due tolerance mechanisms, maintain integrity body presence B T lymphocytes with their antigen‑receptor specificities and; iii) type I interferon response, is evoked by OVs, an ancient innate defense support system, therefore benefit treatment. immunotherapy, reducing increasing long‑lasting efficacy therapy.

Language: Английский

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Cancer and the Immune System: The History and Background of Immunotherapy

Seminars in Oncology Nursing, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 35(5), P. 150923 - 150923

Published: Sept. 13, 2019

Language: Английский

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The Intriguing History of Cancer Immunotherapy

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: Dec. 17, 2019

Immunotherapy is often perceived as a relatively recent advance. In reality, however, one should be looking for the beginnings of cancer immunotherapy under different names far in Antiquity. The first scientific attempts to modulate patients' immune systems cure can attributed two German physicians, Fehleisen and Busch, who independently noticed significant tumour regression after erysipelas infection. next advances came from William Bradley Coley known today Father Immunotherapy. It was attempted harness system treating bone 1891. His achievements were largely unnoticed over fifty years, several seminal discoveries field Immunology, such existence T cells their crucial role immunity 1967, stepped up research towards today. following paper tracks its until events, including 2018 Nobel Prize award James Allison Tasuku Honjo meticulous work on checkpoint molecules potential therapeutic targets. That has led successful development new inhibitors, CAR T-cells oncolytic viruses pace brings highest hope future treatment.

Language: Английский

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Emerging therapeutic agents for advanced non-small cell lung cancer

Journal of Hematology & Oncology, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: May 24, 2020

Advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of cancer, with a poor prognosis and no known cure. Survival time often short because limited treatment options. Recent advances in targeted therapy immunotherapy have changed landscape for advanced NSCLC. In last 10 years, US Food Drug Administration (FDA) has approved more than 17 new medications this devastating disease are coming. Molecular immunogenic testing makes personalized medicine possible patients The provide promising efficacy safety resulting improved long-term survival significant number patients. review, we summarize recent advanced/metastatic NSCLC therapeutics specific focus on first in-human or early-phase I/II clinical trials. These drugs either offer better alternatives to current standard same class completely novel mechanisms action. Advances divided into (1) agents, (2) antibody-drug conjugates, (3) immunotherapies. Finally, present brief review emerging agents ongoing studies.

Language: Английский

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Review of PD-1/PD-L1 Inhibitors in Metastatic dMMR/MSI-H Colorectal Cancer

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 9

Published: May 14, 2019

There are a wide range of therapies for metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) available, but outcomes remain suboptimal. Learning the role immune system in development and progression led to advances treatment over last decade. While field is rapidly evolving, PD-1 PD-L1 inhibitors have leading amongst immunomodulatory agents. They act against pathways involved adaptive suppression resulting checkpoint blockade. Immunotherapy has been slow impact management this patient population due disappointing results, mainly when used broadly. Nevertheless, some patients with microsatellite-instability-high (MSI-H) or mismatch repair-deficient (dMMR) CRC appear be susceptible objective sustained clinical responses, providing new therapeutic option advanced disease. This article provides comprehensive review early late phase trials updated data PD-1/PD-L1 alone combination other (immunotherapy, targeted therapy chemotherapy). still limited, many ongoing underway, testing efficacy these agents CRC. Current future challenges also discussed.

Language: Английский

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Cell membrane coated-nanoparticles for cancer immunotherapy

Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(8), P. 3233 - 3254

Published: Feb. 28, 2022

Cancer immunotherapy can effectively inhibit cancer progression by activating the autoimmune system, with low toxicity and high effectiveness. Some of had positive effects on clinical treatment. However, is still restricted heterogeneity, immune cell disability, tumor immunosuppressive microenvironment systemic toxicity. Cell membrane-coated nanoparticles (CMCNs) inherit abundant source cell-relevant functions, including "self" markers, cross-talking biological targeting, homing to specific regions. These enable them possess preferred characteristics, better compatibility, weak immunogenicity, escaping, a prolonged circulation, targeting. Therefore, they are applied precisely deliver drugs promote effect immunotherapy. In review, we summarize latest researches biomimetic CMCNs for immunotherapy, outline existing therapies, explore unique functions molecular mechanisms various nanoparticles, analyze challenges which face in translation.

Language: Английский

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Harnessing the potential of CAR-T cell therapy: progress, challenges, and future directions in hematological and solid tumor treatments

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 21(1)

Published: July 7, 2023

Abstract Traditional cancer treatments use nonspecific drugs and monoclonal antibodies to target tumor cells. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy, however, leverages the immune system's T-cells recognize attack are isolated from patients modified tumor-associated antigens. CAR-T therapy has achieved FDA approval for treating blood cancers like B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, large lymphoma, multiple myeloma by targeting CD-19 maturation Bi-specific chimeric receptors may contribute mitigating escape, but their efficacy could be limited in cases where certain cells do not express targeted Despite success cancers, technology faces challenges solid tumors, including lack of reliable antigens, hypoxic cores, immunosuppressive environments, enhanced reactive oxygen species, decreased T-cell infiltration. To overcome these challenges, current research aims identify antigens develop cost-effective, microenvironment-specific This review covers evolution against various hematological highlights faced suggests strategies obstacles, such as utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing artificial intelligence optimize clinical-grade

Language: Английский

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Natural Coevolution of Tumor and Immunoenvironment in Glioblastoma

Cancer Discovery, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(12), P. 2820 - 2837

Published: Sept. 19, 2022

Abstract Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) wild-type glioblastoma (GBM) has a dismal prognosis. A better understanding of tumor evolution holds the key to developing more effective treatment. Here we study GBM's natural evolutionary trajectory by using rare multifocal samples. We sequenced 61,062 single cells from eight IDH primary GBMs and defined signature (NES) tumor. show that NES significantly associates with activation transcription factors regulate brain development, including MYBL2 FOSL2. Hypoxia is involved in inducing transition potentially via HIF1A–FOSL2 axis. High-NES could recruit polarize bone marrow–derived macrophages through FOSL2–ANXA1–FPR1/3 These polarized can efficiently suppress T-cell activity accelerate cells. Moreover, upregulate CCL2 induce cell migration. Significance: GBM progression be induced hypoxia Tumor-derived ANXA1 associated recruitment polarization immunoenvironment. The promote This article highlighted In Issue feature, p. 2711

Language: Английский

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Aptamers as an approach to targeted cancer therapy

Cancer Cell International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 24(1)

Published: March 16, 2024

Abstract Conventional cancer treatments can cause serious side effects because they are not specific to cells and damage healthy cells. Aptamers often single-stranded oligonucleotides arranged in a unique architecture, allowing them bind specifically target sites. This feature makes an ideal choice for targeted therapeutics. They typically produced through the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) undergo extensive pharmacological revision modify their affinity, specificity, therapeutic half-life. act as drugs themselves, directly inhibiting tumor Alternatively, be used drug delivery systems transport cells, minimizing toxicity In this review, we will discuss latest most advanced approaches using aptamers treatment, particularly therapy overcoming resistance conventional therapies.

Language: Английский

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