Molecular and Cellular Mechanisms Involved in the Pathophysiology of Retinal Vascular Disease—Interplay Between Inflammation and Oxidative Stress

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 25(21), P. 11850 - 11850

Published: Nov. 4, 2024

Retinal vascular diseases encompass several retinal disorders, including diabetic retinopathy, retinopathy of prematurity, age-related macular degeneration, and occlusion; these disorders are classified as similar groups due to impaired vascularization. The aim this review is address the main signaling pathways involved in pathogenesis identify crucial molecules importance their interactions. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) recognized a central molecule abnormal neovascularization key phenomenon thus, anti-VEGF therapy now most successful form treatment for disorders. Interaction between angiopoietin 2 Tie2 receptor results aberrant signaling, resulting loss pericytes, neovascularization, inflammation. Notch hypoxia-inducible factors ischemic conditions induce pathological disruption blood-retina barrier. An increase pro-inflammatory cytokines-TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6-and activation microglia create persistent inflammatory milieu that promotes breakage blood-retinal barrier neovascularization. Toll-like nuclear factor-kappa B important dysregulation immune response diseases. Increased production reactive oxygen species oxidative damage follow inflammation together vicious cycle because each amplifies other. Understanding complex interplay among various pathways, cascades, enables development new more therapeutic options.

Language: Английский

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Nutraceuticals for Diabetic Retinopathy: Recent Advances and Novel Delivery Systems

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(11), P. 1715 - 1715

Published: May 30, 2024

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major vision-threatening disease among the working-age population worldwide. Present therapeutic strategies such as intravitreal injection of anti-VEGF and laser photocoagulation mainly target proliferative DR. However, there need for early effective management in patients with stage DR before its progression into more severe sight-threatening stage. Nutraceuticals, natural functional foods few side effects, have been proposed to be beneficial Over decades, many studies, either vitro or vivo, demonstrated advantages number nutraceuticals their antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, vasoprotective effects. only clinical trials conducted, outcomes varied. The low bioavailability instability indeed hindered utilization use. In this context, nanoparticle carriers developed deliver improve bioavailability. Despite preclinical nature, research interventive may yield promising information applications.

Language: Английский

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Inhibition of NF-κB ameliorates aberrant retinal glia activation and inflammatory responses in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Annals of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 11(5), P. 197 - 197

Published: March 1, 2023

To determine the anti-inflammatory effects of IMD-0354, a specific NF-κB blocker, on glial cells in rats with streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic retinopathy (DR).The following four groups were used: control, control + STZ, and STZ IMD-0354. After six weeks injection, nondiabetic received IMD-0354 (30 mg/kg) or an equal volume 4% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) phosphate-buffered saline intraperitoneally for consecutive weeks. The primary rat retinal microglia Müller (5 mM), high glucose (20 nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activation, oxidative stress strength, expression inflammatory cytokines VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), activation cells, apoptosis neuron evaluated by immunohistochemistry, assays, western blot, enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining respectively.Nuclear translocation was markedly increased retina treated cells. Systemic administration significantly inhibited both ameliorated injury, responses, production cell protected neurons from apoptosis.Our findings indicated that is acritical step abnormal reactivity STZ-induced rats. Inhibition effect may represent promising therapeutic strategy DR via variety mechanisms, including inflammation reduction regulation.

Language: Английский

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Diabetic Neuropathy of the Retina and Inflammation: Perspectives

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(11), P. 9166 - 9166

Published: May 23, 2023

A clear connection exists between diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Consequently, therapeutic approaches that target both diseases are needed. Clinical trials currently underway to explore the roles of obesity, adipose tissue, gut microbiota, pancreatic beta cell function in diabetes. Inflammation plays a key role pathophysiology associated metabolic disorders; thus, interest has increased targeting inflammation prevent control Diabetic retinopathy is known as neurodegenerative vascular disease occurs after some years poorly controlled However, increasing evidence points figure diabetes-associated retinal complications. Interconnected molecular pathways, such oxidative stress, formation advanced glycation end-products, contribute inflammatory response. This review describes possible mechanisms changes involve pathways.

Language: Английский

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Effect of the MIAT/microRNA 130a-3p/Pdgfra axis on retinal microglia activation in mice with chronic retinal hypoperfusion injury

Cell Biology and Toxicology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 41(1)

Published: April 11, 2025

Language: Английский

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Efficacy and Safety of Qiming Granule for Nerve Injury Associated with Non-proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy: A Multicenter, Randomized, Non-inferiority, Active-Controlled Clinical Trial

Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: May 15, 2025

Language: Английский

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Induction, amplification, and propagation of diabetic retinopathy-associated inflammatory cytokines between human retinal microvascular endothelial and Müller cells and in the mouse retina

Cellular Signalling, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 124, P. 111454 - 111454

Published: Oct. 9, 2024

Language: Английский

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Complementary Approaches to Retinal Health Focusing on Diabetic Retinopathy

Cells, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 12(23), P. 2699 - 2699

Published: Nov. 24, 2023

Diabetes mellitus affects carbohydrate homeostasis but also influences fat and protein metabolism. Due to ophthalmic complications, it is a leading cause of blindness worldwide. The molecular pathology reveals that nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) has central role in the progression diabetic retinopathy, sharing this signaling pathway with another major retinal disorder, glaucoma. Therefore, new therapeutic approaches can be elaborated decelerate ever-emerging “epidemics” retinopathy glaucoma targeting critical node. In our review, we emphasize an improvement lifestyle its prevention as well use phytomedicals associated evidence-based protocols. A balanced personalized therapy requires integrative approach more successful for early treatment.

Language: Английский

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Effects of mesenchymal stromal cells and human recombinant Nerve Growth Factor delivered by bioengineered human corneal lenticule on an innovative model of diabetic retinopathy

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Oct. 15, 2024

Introduction Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a microvascular complication of diabetes in which neurodegeneration has been recently identified as driving force. In the last years, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) and neurotrophins like Nerve Growth Factor (NGF), have garnered significant attention innovative therapeutic approaches targeting DR-associated neurodegeneration. However, delivering neurotrophic factors directly eye remains challenge. Hence, this study evaluated effects MSCs from human amniotic fluids (hAFSCs) recombinant NGF (rhNGF) delivered by corneal lenticule (hCL) on high glucose (HG) induced ex vivo model simulating molecular mechanisms DR. Methods Porcine neuroretinal explants exposed to HG (25 mM for four days) were used mimic DR . hCLs collected donors undergoing refractive surgery decellularized using 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate then bioengineered with hAFSCs, microparticles loaded rhNGF (rhNGF-PLGA-MPs), or both simultaneously. Immunofluorescence (IF) scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses performed confirm bioengineering process. To assess hAFSCs rhNGF, co-cultured HG-treated following days RT-PCR cytokine array experiments inflammatory, oxidative, apoptotic, angiogenic retinal markers performed. Results Data revealed that exhibit characteristic DR-phenotype, including increased level NF-kB, NOS2, NRF2 GFAP, VEGFA, Bax/Bcl2 ratio decreased expression TUBB3 Rho. Then, feasibility bioengineer was demonstrated. Interestingly, co-culturing hAFSCs- rhNGF- significantly reduced markers. Conclusion Overall, we found first time able modulate involved represents promising ocular drug delivery system diseases treatment. addition, results demonstrated porcine treated useful reproduce pathophysiology.

Language: Английский

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Curcumin Attenuates Hyperglycemia and Inflammation in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Quantitative Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trial

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(23), P. 4177 - 4177

Published: Nov. 30, 2024

Controlling hyperglycemia and inflammation in type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains an important approach to control diabetes. The use of phytochemicals found natural herbs has been investigated widely, there are inconsistent findings clinical trials, likely associated with a small sample size. A meta-analysis trials was performed by conducting comprehensive literature search on PubMed, Scopus, EBSCOHost, Web Sciences. terms included Curcumin longa, turmeric, curcumin, curcuma xanthorrhiza, diferuloylmethane, Data were analyzed using online tool, Jamovi version 2.4.8 IBM SPSS statistics 29. data reported as either mean difference (MD) or standard (SMD) 95% confidence intervals. evidence from 18 1382 T2D age 55.9 years analyzed. Supplementation curcumin led significant decrease fasting blood glucose, MD = -11.48 mg/dL, 95%CI (-14.26, -8.70), p < 0.01 glycated hemoglobin, -0.54%, (-0.73, -0.35), 0.01. Additionally, C-Reactive Protein compared placebo, SMD -0.59, (-1.11, -0.07), 0.03. observed this study suggest that can ameliorate placebo. While the potential benefits observed, it is recommended future focus finding suitable dose duration intervention incorporate formulation enhance its absorption.

Language: Английский

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