Genomic and transcriptomic characterization of delta SARS-CoV-2 infection in free-ranging white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus)

iScience, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 26(11), P. 108319 - 108319

Published: Oct. 24, 2023

Language: Английский

---

Evolutionary Mechanisms of the Emergence of the Variants of Concern of SARS-CoV-2

Viruses, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(2), P. 197 - 197

Published: Jan. 30, 2025

The evolutionary origin of the variants concern (VOCs) SARS-CoV-2, characterized by a large number new substitutions and strong changes in virulence transmission rate, is intensely debated. leading explanation literature chronic infection immunocompromised individuals, where virus evolves before returning into main population. present article reviews less-investigated hypotheses VOC emergence with between acutely infected hosts, focus on mathematical models stochastic evolution that have proved to be useful for other viruses, such as HIV influenza virus. central message understanding acting factors requires framework multi-locus models, alternative can effectively verified fitting results computer simulation empirical data.

Language: Английский

---

Surveillance of Vermont wildlife in 2021–2022 reveals no detected SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13(1)

Published: Sept. 6, 2023

Abstract Previous studies have documented natural infections of SARS-CoV-2 in various domestic and wild animals. More recently, been published noting the susceptibility members Cervidae family, both captive cervid populations. In this study, we investigated presence mammalian wildlife within state Vermont. 739 nasal or throat samples were collected from throughout during 2021 2022 harvest season. Data was red gray foxes ( Vulpes vulples Urocyon cineroargentus, respectively), fishers Martes pennati ), river otters Lutra canadensis coyotes Canis lantrans bobcats Lynx rufus black bears Ursus americanus white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus ). Samples tested for via quantitative RT-qPCR using CDC N1/N2 primer set and/or WHO-E gene set. Surprisingly, initially detected a number N1 N2 positive with high cycle threshold values, though after conducting environmental swabbing laboratory verifying second independent (WHO-E) PCR without reverse transcriptase, showed that these false positives due to plasmid contamination construct expressing N general environment. Our final results indicate no sampled RNA, highlight importance physically separate locations processing surveillance experiments require use DNA containing target RNA sequence. These negative findings are surprising, given most North America found their The absence populations here may provide insights anthropogenic factors reduce spillover spread American’s

Language: Английский

---

Surveillance of Vermont wildlife in 2021-2022 reveals no detected SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 26, 2023

Previous studies have documented natural infections of SARS-CoV-2 in various domestic and wild animals. More recently, been published noting the susceptibility members Cervidae family, both captive cervid populations. In this study, we investigated presence mammalian wildlife within state Vermont. 739 nasal or throat samples were collected from throughout during 2021 2022 harvest season. Data was red gray foxes ( Vulpes vulples Urocyon cineroargentus , respectively), fishers Martes pennati ), river otters Lutra canadensis coyotes Canis lantrans bobcats Lynx rufus black bears Ursus americanus white-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus ). Samples tested for via quantitative RT-qPCR using CDC N1/N2 primer set and/or WHO-E gene set. Our results indicate that no sampled positive SARS-CoV-2. This finding is surprising, given most North America found their The absence RNA populations here may provide insights to environmental anthropogenic factors reduce spillover spread American's

Language: Английский

---

Epidemiological modeling of SARS-CoV-2 in white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus) reveals conditions for introduction and widespread transmission

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Aug. 31, 2023

Abstract Emerging infectious diseases with zoonotic potential often have complex socioecological dynamics and limited ecological data, requiring integration of epidemiological modeling surveillance. Although our understanding SARS-CoV-2 has advanced considerably since its detection in late 2019, the factors influencing introduction transmission wildlife hosts, particularly white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ), remain poorly understood. We use a Susceptible-Infected-Recovered-Susceptible model to investigate spillover risk wild captive populations across various simulated scenarios. found that scenarios pose higher from humans into herds subsequent among deer, compared herds. However, even herds, is substantial enough sustain infections. Furthermore, we demonstrate strength influences outbreak characteristics only certain extent. Transmission was frequently sufficient for widespread outbreaks populations, regardless initial level introduction. also explore fence line interactions between elevate metrics lowest sustained transmission. Our results indicate could be introduced maintained range circumstances based on testing risks approach findings will aid One Health strategies mitigate persistent spillback humans.

Language: Английский

---

Landscape-scale Epidemiological Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in White-tailed Deer

Research Square (Research Square), Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Jan. 3, 2024

Abstract Understanding pathogen emergence in new host species is fundamental for developing prevention and response plans human animal health. We leveraged a large-scale surveillance dataset coordinated by United States Department of Agriculture, Animal Plant Health Inspection Service state natural resources agencies to quantify outbreak dynamics SARS-CoV-2 North American white-tailed deer ( Odocoileus virginianus ; WTD) throughout its range the States. Local epidemics WTD were well approximated single peak followed fade out. Outbreaks peaked earliest northeast mid-Atlantic. effective reproduction numbers between 1 2.5. Ten percent variability prevalence was explained infection pressure. This, together with similar times across many counties single-peak out, suggest that widespread transmission via human-to-deer spillover may have been an important driver patterns persistence. provide framework inferring population-level epidemiological processes through joint analysis sparsely-observed local outbreaks (landscape scale data) linking parameters ecological risk factors. The combines mechanistic statistical models can identify track long-term monitoring data.

Language: Английский

---

Lack of detection of SARS-CoV-2 in wildlife from Kerala, India in 2020–21

Access Microbiology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Spillover of SARS-CoV-2 into a variety wild and domestic animals has been an ongoing feature the human pandemic. The establishment new reservoir in white-tailed deer North America increasing divergence viruses circulating them from those population highlighted risk this poses for global health. Some parts world have seen more intensive monitoring wildlife species related coronaviruses but there are still very large gaps geographical species-specific information. This paper reports negative results PCR based testing using pan coronavirus end point RDRP Sarbecovirus specific E gene qPCR on lung or gut tissue Indian State Kerala. These included: 121 Rhinolophus rouxii (Rufous Horsehoe Bat) , six bedommei (Lesser Woolly Horseshoe 15 Rossettus leschenaultii (Fulvous Fruit 47 Macaca radiata (Bonnet macaques) 35 Paradoxurus hermaphroditus (Common Palm Civet) five Viverricula indica (Small Civet), four Herpestes edwardsii Mongoose) ten Panthera tigris (Bengal Tiger) eight pardus fusca (Indian Leopard), Prionailurus bengalensis (Leopard cats), two Felis chaus (Jungle Cuon alpinus (Wild dogs) one Melursus ursinus (sloth bear).

Language: Английский

---

Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Delta Variant (B.1.617.2) in Domestic Dogs and Zoo Tigers in England and Jersey during 2021

Viruses, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(4), P. 617 - 617

Published: April 16, 2024

Reverse zoonotic transmission events of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have been described since the start pandemic, and World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) designated detection SARS-CoV-2 in animals a reportable disease. Eighteen domestic zoo Great Britain Jersey were tested by APHA during 2020-2023. One cat (Felis catus), three dogs (Canis lupus familiaris), Amur tigers (Panthera tigris altaica) from confirmed positive 2020-2021 reported to WOAH. All seven linked with known human contacts. Characterisation variants genome sequencing indicated that was infected an early lineage. The Delta variant concern (B.1.617.2). role non-human species onward emergence new remain poorly defined. Continued surveillance relevant captive animal high levels contact is important monitor at human-animal interface assess their as potential reservoirs.

Language: Английский

---

STUDY OF THE SARS-COV-2 GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION AMONG DIFFERENT ANIMAL SPECIES

Naukovì dopovìdì Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu bìoresursiv ì prirodokoristuvannâ Ukraïni, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 109(3)

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

This article presents the results of an epidemiological analysis data modern, mainly foreign, available information on occurrence and spread SARS-CoV-2 among various animal species. We used official from State Service Ukraine Food Safety Consumer Protection World Animal Health Organization (OIE). An published by foreign domestic scientists cases disease positive studies for COVID-19 animals was also carried out. biggest global public health disaster since 1918 influenza pandemic known as "Spanish flu", creating unprecedented threat to all humanity, causing colossal damage economy. Over past two decades, coronavirus outbreaks have caused concern around world, including severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) reported in China 2003. And outbreak 2012 with Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS). Coronaviruses such MERS-CoV SARS, along Ebola influenza, are lists infections potential. cause a wide variety diseases animals, their ability illness livestock pigs, cows, chickens, dogs, cats led significant research these viruses last half twentieth century. A range mammalian species demonstrated susceptibility through experimental contamination vivo close contact infected humans other animals. But there been which people can transmit especially during contact. Such infection documented world. Most became after coming into COVID-19, owners, caretakers, or others who were

Language: Английский

---

Experimental infection of elk (Cervus canadensis) and mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) with SARS-CoV-2

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: July 26, 2023

Abstract Elk ( Cervus canadensis ) and mule deer Odocoileus hemionus were experimentally evaluated for susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2. did not shed infectious virus but produced low-level serological responses. Mule transmitted in addition mounting pronounced responses; they could therefore play a role the epidemiology of Article Summary Line Experimental infection elk with SARS-CoV-2 revealed that while are minimally susceptible infection, become infected, virus, can infect naïve contacts.

Language: Английский

---