Morphology of the male reproductive system and spermatozoa variation in Anopheles darlingi (Diptera: Culicidae)

Journal of Medical Entomology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 19, 2025

Abstract In this study, we present an analysis of the male reproductive system and spermatozoa Anopheles darlingi Root, 1926, primary malaria vector in Brazil. The consists a pair unifollicular testes, deferent ducts, muscular ejaculatory duct, accessory glands. average length was 188 µm, with continuous variation from 92 to 246 µm. This significant may be associated mosquito’s copulatory behavior, which females are monandrous. scenario reduce selective pressure for uniformity gametes species.

Language: Английский

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Machine learning evidence towards eradication of malaria burden: A scoping review

Applied Computer Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 21(1), P. 44 - 69

Published: March 31, 2025

Recent advancements have shown that shallow and deep learning models achieve impressive performance accuracies of over 97% 98%, respectively, in providing precise evidence for malaria control diagnosis. This effectiveness highlights the importance these enhancing our understanding management, which includes critical areas such as control, diagnosis economic evaluation burden. By leveraging predictive systems models, significant opportunities eradicating malaria, empowering informed decision-making facilitating development effective policies could be established. However, global burden is approximated at 95%, there a pressing need its eradication to facilitate achievement SDG targets related good health well-being. paper presents scoping review covering years 2018 2024, utilizing PRISMA-ScR protocol, with articles retrieved from three scholarly databases: Science Direct (9%), PubMed (41%), Google Scholar (50%). After applying exclusion inclusion criteria, final list 61 was extracted review. The results reveal decline research on machine techniques while steady increase approaches has been noted, particularly volume dimensionality data continue grow. In conclusion, clear utilize algorithms through real-time collection, model development, deployment evidence-based recommendations Future directions should focus standardized methodologies effectively investigate both models.

Language: Английский

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Delays in seeking healthcare and its determinants among malaria patients in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(4), P. e0320149 - e0320149

Published: April 8, 2025

Delays in seeking healthcare among malaria patients are typically associated with an increased risk of severe disease and mortality. Determining the pooled prevalence determinants delays may help reduce morbidity Therefore, aim this systematic review meta-analysis was to determine its Ethiopia. Methods PubMed, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web Science, Google Scholar were searched. Cross-sectional case–control studies about for more than 24 hours included. STATA 17 used analyze data. Heterogeneity across assessed via I 2 test. A funnel plot Egger’s test assess publication bias. Subgroup analyses performed by region study setting. Sensitivity analysis influence individual studies. Results total 18 articles 7371 participants included review. The delay 67% (95% CI: 51%-84%). Age less 15 years (OR: 2.27, 95% 1.34-3.85), inability read write 3.36, 1.18-9.69), travel health institutions on foot 2.77, 1.71-4.49), horse 2.76, 1.57-4.84), living far from a institution 2.65, 1.37-5.13), not having family history death 3.04, 2.14-4.33), being member community-based insurance 7.14, 1.09-46.63) significant healthcare. Conclusion high, most modifiable. These findings underscore need targeted interventions address these barriers improve timely access affected populations.

Language: Английский

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Facile Synthesis, Characterization and in vitro Biological Evaluation of a Series of Sulfonylurea-linked Quinoline Derivatives as Potential Antimalarial Agents

Asian Journal of Chemistry, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 37(5), P. 1083 - 1089

Published: April 30, 2025

World Health Organization (WHO) statistics showed that malaria has still remained a global threat due to its steady increase in deaths across the globe. Due necessity for novel pharmaceuticals, researchers discovered hybrid pharmacophore-designed methodology would be an effective means develop new synthetic compounds and evaluate their efficacy against malaria. Therefore, series of sulfonylurea-linked quinolines (C1-C6) were synthesized evaluated vitro antimalarial properties Plasmodium falciparum. All screened through bioassays assess potential P. falciparum strain identify bioactive hit molecule; relatively compared with clinically proven agent e.g. artesunate. Based on results, structure-activity relationships (SARs) have been derived can applied design more analogues. Among tested, C3 C2 reported most potent 68.10% 65.55% inhibition parasitemia infected red blood cells (iRBC) positive standard artesunate 64.98%, respectively. The assumed primarily presence complementary pharmacophoric features such as sulfonylurea quinoline, which formed part basic scaffold was earlier independently well established pharmacophores.

Language: Английский

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Severe Infections in Returning Travelers

Medical Clinics of North America, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 109(3), P. 695 - 704

Published: Feb. 21, 2025

Language: Английский

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Insights into the mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mt-COI) gene and wing morphometrics of Anopheles baimaii (Diptera: Culicidae) in malaria-endemic islands of Thailand

Parasitology Research, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 123(3)

Published: March 1, 2024

Language: Английский

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Review on cerebral malaria—Pathogenesis and role of EphA2 receptor in maintaining blood brain barrier integrity

Health Sciences Review, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 11, P. 100175 - 100175

Published: April 10, 2024

Plasmodium species causes cerebral malaria (CM), a dangerous parasitic illness. The World Health Organization estimates that there were roughly 228 million cases of in 2018, which resulted 405,000 tragic deaths. There was an approximate 20% mortality rate among children diagnosed with CM who admitted to the hospital. 67% victims less than five years old. Patients survive may experience lifetime post-CM complications and higher risk childhood neurodisability. present review discuss about cellular mechanisms immunological responses causing malaria. breakdown tight junctions adherence between endothelial cells (ECs) is cause increase permeability blood brain barrier (BBB). It obvious this can be breached by two different mechanisms: a) apoptosis ECs, b) loosening cells. T have been shown important role development experimental mouse model (ECM). EphA2 receptors has identified as contributing many neurological illnesses plays CM, associated impairment BBB. key target protein promotes EC targeting ephrin A ligand-expressing CD8+ cell adhesion. Prominent never highlighted so far. Despite intensive research, still lack successful vaccines. most advanced vaccines created far, RTS,S/AS01 R21/Matrix-M, focus on combating early stages P. falciparum parasite. This also progress made for developing effective vaccine

Language: Английский

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Malaria: respuesta inmune, sensibilidad y especificidad de las pruebas rápidas

MQRInvestigar, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 8(1), P. 2617 - 2632

Published: Feb. 21, 2024

La malaria es un problema de salud y los intentos por erradicarla han fracasado en diversas regiones del mundo, debido al desarrollo la resistencia evasión inmune parte parásito género Plasmodium, ante esto su detección, las pruebas rápidas se caracterizan pronto diagnóstico preciso lograr resultados confiables utilidad clínica. El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo indagar medio una revisión bibliográfica influencia sensibilidad especificidad que tienen el laboratorio clínico. metodología utilizada para estudio, fue búsqueda meta buscadores, sobre artículos rigor científico, fueron publicados entre 2017 2023, proveniente distintos países, sin hacer distinción idiomas. Los mostraron ambas variables control mantienen estándares altos confiabilidad seguridad respuesta infecciones malaria. Se concluye importancia aplicar calidad durante procesamiento, garantiza monitoreo mayor precisión resultados.

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In Silico Approach Triterpene Glycoside of H. atra Targeting Orotidine 5-Monophosphate Decarboxylase Protein (PfOMPDC) in P. falciparum Infection Mechanism

BioMed Research International, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 2024, P. 1 - 14

Published: April 1, 2024

This study accessed the potential antimalarial activity of triterpene glycoside H. atra through targeting orotidine 5-monophosphate decarboxylase protein (PfOMPDC) in P. falciparum by molecular docking. Nine glycosides from extract modeled structure Corina web server and interacted with PfOMPDC using Hex 8.0.0. The docking results were visualized analyzed Discovery Studio version 21.1.1. 17-Hydroxyfuscocineroside B showed lowest binding energy interaction, which was -1,098.13 kJ/mol. Holothurin A3, echinoside A, fuscocineroside C low energy. performed interaction at same region. A1 posed 8 hydrogen bonds, 3 hydrophobic interactions, unfavorable bonds. Several residues detected active sites other glycosides. Residue TYR111 identified all complexes, except holothurin A3 calcigeroside B. In summary, is potentially a drug candidate for malaria therapeutic agents. vitro vivo studies required further investigation.

Language: Английский

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Characterization of Escherichia coli Strains for Novel Production of Plasmodium ovale Lactate Dehydrogenase

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(5), P. 876 - 876

Published: April 27, 2024

Malaria is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide with high incidence and mortality. Among five species that can infect humans, Plasmodium ovale morphologically resembles vivax, resulting in misidentification confusion diagnosis, responsible for malarial disease relapse due to formation hypnozoites. P. receives relatively less attention compared other major parasites, such as falciparum primarily its lower pathogenicity, mortality rates, prevalence rates. To efficiently produce lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), a target diagnosing malaria, this study used three Escherichia coli strains, BL21(DE3), BL21(DE3)pLysS, Rosetta(DE3), commonly recombinant protein production. These strains were characterized select optimal strain LDH (PoLDH) Gene cloning PoLDH production transformation expression performed. The overexpression washing buffer conditions nickel-based affinity chromatography established ensure high-purity PoLDH. yields expressed by follows: 7.6 mg/L; 7.4 9.5 mg/L. findings are expected be highly useful PoLDH-specific diagnosis development antimalarial therapeutics.

Language: Английский

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