A concise review of mushrooms antiviral and immunomodulatory properties that may combat against COVID-19

Food Chemistry Advances, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 1, P. 100023 - 100023

Published: March 2, 2022

The World Health Organization (WHO) declared COVID-19 as a pandemic on March 11, 2020, because of its widespread transmission and infection rates. unique severe disease was found in Wuhan, China, since December 2019, swiftly spread throughout the world. Natural chemicals derived from herbal medicines medicinal mushrooms provide significant resource for development novel antiviral drugs. Many natural drugs have been proven to properties against variety virus strains, such coronavirus herpes simplex (HSV).. In this research, successful dietary treatments different COVID illnesses were compared potential mushroom products therapy. Google Scholar, Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, search keywords like COVID, COVID-19, SARS, MERS, mushrooms, their compounds utilized. review literature we foucsed popular Agaricus subrufescens Peck, blazei Murill, Cordyceps sinensis (Berk.) Sacc., Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis.) P. Karst., Grifola frondosa (Dicks.) Gray, Hericium erinaceus (Bull.) Pers., Inonotus obliquus (Arch. Ex Pers.) Pilát., Lentinula edodes Pegler, Pleurotus ostreatus (Jacq.) Kumm., Poria cocos F.A. Wolf, Trametes versicolor (L.) Lloyd.,. Changed forms β-Glucan seem good impact viral replication suppression might be used future studies. However, results seems terpenoids, lectins, glycoproteins, lentinan, galactomannan, polysaccharides are promising prophylactic or therapeutic agents COVID-19.

Language: Английский

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Economic evaluation of COVID-19 vaccination: A systematic review

Journal of Global Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 13, 2023

Abstract Background Safe and effective vaccination is considered to be the most critical strategy fight coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), leading individual herd immunity protection. We aimed systematically review economic evaluation of COVID-19 globally. Methods performed a systematic search identify relevant studies in two major databases (MEDLINE/PubMed EBSCO) published until September 8, 2022. After deduplication, researchers independently screened study titles abstracts according pre-determined inclusion exclusion criteria. The remaining full-text were assessed for eligibility. their quality reporting using Consolidated Health Economic Evaluation Reporting Standards (CHEERS) 2022 checklist summarized narratively presented results. Results identified 25 that worldwide by considering several input parameters, including vaccine cost, efficacy, utility value, size targeted population. All suggested was cost-effective or cost-saving intervention mitigating transmission its effect many countries within certain conditions. Most reported efficacy values ranging from 65% 75%. Conclusions Given favorable cost-effectiveness profile vaccines disparities affordability across countries, prioritization has become paramount. This provides comprehensive insights into will useful policymakers, particularly highlighting preventive measures preparedness plans next possible pandemic.

Language: Английский

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Inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 Main Protease (Mpro) as Anti-Coronavirus Agents

Biomolecules, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(7), P. 797 - 797

Published: July 4, 2024

The main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 is an essential enzyme that plays a critical part in the virus’s life cycle, making it significant target for developing antiviral drugs. inhibition Mpro has emerged as promising approach therapeutic agents to treat COVID-19. This review explores structure protein and analyzes progress made understanding protein–ligand interactions inhibitors. It focuses on binding kinetics, origin, chemical these provides in-depth analysis recent clinical trials involving covalent non-covalent inhibitors emerging dual targeting Mpro. By integrating findings from literature ongoing trials, this captures current state research into inhibitors, offering comprehensive challenges directions their future development anti-coronavirus agents. information new insights inspiration medicinal chemists, paving way more effective novel COVID-19 therapies.

Language: Английский

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Obesity and COVID-19: Mechanistic Insights From Adipose Tissue

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 107(7), P. 1799 - 1811

Published: March 9, 2022

Abstract Obesity is associated with an increase in morbidity and mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The risk related to the cytokine storm, a major contributor multiorgan failure pathological character of COVID-19 patients obesity. While exact cause storm remains elusive, disorders energy metabolism has provided insights into mechanism. Emerging data suggest that adipose tissue obesity contributes several ways. First, restricts pulmonary function by generation mechanical pressures promote systemic hypoxia. Second, supplies base for severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 entry overexpression viral receptors [angiotensin-converting enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase 4]. Third, impaired antiviral responses adipocytes immune cells result dysfunction immunologic surveillance as well clearance systems. Fourth, chronic inflammation secreting more proinflammatory cytokines. Fifth, abnormal levels adipokines hyperimmune response virus lungs other organs enhance storm. Mitochondrial adipocytes, cells, cell types (endothelial platelets, etc) common cellular mechanism development which leads progression mild cases high mortality. Correction surplus through various approaches recommended prevention treatment obese patients.

Language: Английский

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The Potential of Nanobodies for COVID-19 Diagnostics and Therapeutics

Molecular Diagnosis & Therapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 27(2), P. 193 - 226

Published: Jan. 19, 2023

Language: Английский

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Therapeutic dilemmas in addressing SARS-CoV-2 infection: Favipiravir versus Remdesivir

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 147, P. 112700 - 112700

Published: Feb. 4, 2022

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) represents an unmet clinical need, due to a high mortality rate, rapid mutation rate in the virus, increased chances of reinfection, lack effectiveness repurposed drugs and economic damage. COVID-19 pandemic has created urgent need for effective molecules. Clinically proven efficacy safety profiles have made favipiravir (FVP) remdesivir (RDV) promising therapeutic options use against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Even though both are prodrug molecules with antiviral role based on similar mechanism action, differences pharmacological, pharmacokinetic pharmacotoxicological mechanisms been identified. The present study aims provide comprehensive comparative assessment FVP RDV SARS-CoV-2 infections, by centralizing medical data provided significant literature authorized trials, focusing importance better understanding interactions between drug infectious agents order improve global management patients reduce risk resistance.

Language: Английский

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Discovery of Small Molecules Targeting the Frameshifting Element RNA in SARS-CoV-2 Viral Genome

ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 14(6), P. 757 - 765

Published: May 11, 2023

Targeting structured RNA elements in the SARS-CoV-2 viral genome with small molecules is an attractive strategy for pharmacological control over replication. In this work, we report discovery of that target frameshifting element (FSE) using high-throughput small-molecule microarray (SMM) screening. A new class aminoquinazoline ligands FSE are synthesized and characterized multiple orthogonal biophysical assays structure–activity relationship (SAR) studies. This work reveals compounds mid-micromolar binding affinity (KD = 60 ± 6 μM) to supports a mode distinct from previously reported binders MTDB merafloxacin. addition, active vitro dual-luciferase in-cell dual-fluorescent-reporter assays, highlighting promise targeting RNAs druglike alter expression proteins.

Language: Английский

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A review on drug repurposing in COVID-19: from antiviral drugs to herbal alternatives

Journal of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 20(1), P. 78 - 78

Published: May 24, 2022

COVID-19 is an illness caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Due to its rapid spread, in March 2020 the World Health Organization (WHO) declared pandemic. Since outbreak of pandemic many governments, scientists, and institutions started work on new vaccines finding repurposing drugs. Drug excellent option for discovery already used drugs, effective against COVID-19, lowering cost production, shortening period delivery, especially when preclinical safety studies have been performed. There are approved drugs that showed significant results like ivermectin hydrochloroquine, including alternative treatment options utilizing herbal medicine.

Language: Английский

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Real-World Experience of the Comparative Effectiveness and Safety of Molnupiravir and Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir in High-Risk Patients with COVID-19 in a Community Setting

Viruses, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(3), P. 811 - 811

Published: March 22, 2023

Molnupiravir (MOV) and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (NMV/r) are efficacious oral antiviral agents for patients with the 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19). However, little is known about their effectiveness in older adults those at high risk of disease progression. This retrospective single-center observational study assessed compared outcomes COVID-19 treated MOV NMV/r a real-world community setting. We included confirmed combined one or more factors progression from June to October 2022. Of 283 patients, 79.9% received 20.1% NMV/r. The mean patient age was 71.7 years, 56.5% were men, 71.7% had ≥3 doses vaccine. COVID-19-related hospitalization (2.8% 3.5%, respectively; p = 0.978) death (0.4% 0.104) did not differ significantly between groups. incidence adverse events 2.7% 5.3%, treatment discontinuation 5.3% groups, respectively. similar among low.

Language: Английский

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Involvement of virus infections and antiviral agents in schizophrenia

Psychological Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 55

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Background Schizophrenia is a chronic and complex mental disorder resulting from interactions between cumulative synergistic genetic environmental factors. Viral infection during the prenatal stage constitutes one of most relevant risk factors for development schizophrenia later in adulthood. Methods A narrative review was conducted to explore link viral infections schizophrenia, as well neuropsychiatric effects antiviral drugs, particularly context this specific condition. Literature searches were performed using PubMed, Scopus, Web Science databases. Results Several infections, such herpesviruses, influenza virus, Borna disease coronaviruses, can directly or indirectly disrupt normal fetal brain by modifying gene expression maternal immune system, thereby contributing pathophysiological symptoms schizophrenia. In addition, caused drugs are frequent represent significant adverse outcomes treatment. Conclusions Epidemiological evidence suggests potential relationship viruses Increases inflammatory cytokine levels changes key genes observed several may constitute links these Furthermore, antivirals affect central nervous although their mechanisms action still unclear, strong has not yet been established.

Language: Английский

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