International Journal of Molecular Sciences,
Journal Year:
2024,
Volume and Issue:
25(7), P. 3995 - 3995
Published: April 3, 2024
Neurodegenerative
disorders
(NDs)
have
become
increasingly
common
during
the
past
three
decades.
Approximately
15%
of
total
population
world
is
affected
by
some
form
NDs,
resulting
in
physical
and
cognitive
disability.
The
most
NDs
include
Alzheimer’s
disease,
Parkinson’s
amyotrophic
lateral
sclerosis,
Huntington’s
disease.
Although
are
caused
a
complex
interaction
genetic,
environmental,
lifestyle
variables,
neuroinflammation
known
to
be
associated
with
all
often
leading
permanent
damage
neurons
central
nervous
system.
Furthermore,
numerous
emerging
pieces
evidence
demonstrated
that
inflammation
not
only
supports
progression
but
can
also
serve
as
an
initiator.
Hence,
various
medicines
capable
preventing
or
reducing
been
investigated
ND
treatments.
While
anti-inflammatory
medicine
has
shown
promising
benefits
several
preclinical
models,
clinical
outcomes
questionable.
In
this
review,
we
discuss
their
current
treatment
strategies,
role
pathophysiology
use
agents
potential
therapeutic
option.
Protein & Cell,
Journal Year:
2021,
Volume and Issue:
12(10), P. 769 - 787
Published: July 21, 2021
Chaperone-mediated
autophagy
(CMA)
is
a
lysosome-dependent
selective
degradation
pathway
implicated
in
the
pathogenesis
of
cancer
and
neurodegenerative
diseases.
However,
mechanisms
that
regulate
CMA
are
not
fully
understood.
Here,
using
unbiased
drug
screening
approaches,
we
discover
Metformin,
commonly
first
medication
prescribed
for
type
2
diabetes,
can
induce
CMA.
We
delineate
mechanism
induction
by
Metformin
to
be
via
activation
TAK1-IKKα/β
signaling
leads
phosphorylation
Ser85
key
mediator
CMA,
Hsc70,
its
activation.
Notably,
find
amyloid-beta
precursor
protein
(APP)
substrate
it
binds
Hsc70
an
IKKα/β-dependent
manner.
The
inhibition
CMA-mediated
APP
enhances
cytotoxicity.
Importantly,
APP/PS1
mouse
model
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD),
overexpression
or
potently
reduces
accumulated
brain
Aβ
plaque
levels
reverses
molecular
behavioral
AD
phenotypes.
Our
study
elucidates
novel
regulation
Metformin-TAK1-IKKα/β-Hsc70
suggests
as
new
activator
diseases,
such
AD,
where
therapeutic
intervention
could
beneficial.
Pharmaceutics,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
15(4), P. 1057 - 1057
Published: March 24, 2023
In
recent
years,
there
has
been
a
significant
surge
in
reports
on
the
health-promoting
benefits
of
winter
cherry
(Withania
somnifera),
also
known
as
Ashwagandha.
Its
current
research
covers
many
aspects
human
health,
including
neuroprotective,
sedative
and
adaptogenic
effects
sleep.
There
are
anti-inflammatory,
antimicrobial,
cardioprotective
anti-diabetic
properties.
Furthermore,
reproductive
outcomes
tarcicidal
hormone
action.
This
growing
body
Ashwagandha
highlights
its
potential
valuable
natural
remedy
for
health
concerns.
narrative
review
delves
into
most
findings
provides
comprehensive
overview
understanding
ashwagandha’s
uses
any
safety
concerns
contraindications.
Periodontology 2000,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
89(1), P. 59 - 82
Published: March 4, 2022
Abstract
In
the
initiation
or
exacerbation
of
Alzheimer
disease,
dissemination
oral
microorganisms
into
brain
tissue
low‐level
systemic
inflammation
have
been
speculated
to
play
a
role.
However,
impact
microorganisms,
such
as
Porphyromonas
gingivalis
,
on
pathogenesis
disease
and
potential
causative
relationship
is
still
unclear.
The
present
review
has
critically
reviewed
literature
by
examining
following
aspects:
(a)
microbiome
immune
response
in
elderly
population,
(b)
human
studies
association
between
periodontal
gut
(c)
animal
vitro
(d)
preventive
therapeutic
approaches.
Factors
contributing
microbial
dysbiosis
seem
be
aging,
local
inflammation,
diseases,
wearing
dentures,
living
nursing
homes
no
access
adequate
hygiene
measures.
was
detectable
post‐mortem
samples.
Microbiome
analyses
saliva
samples
biofilms
showed
decreased
diversity
different
composition
compared
cognitively
healthy
subjects.
Many
in‐vitro
underline
P
induce
disease‐related
alterations.
models,
recurring
applications
its
components
increased
pro‐inflammatory
mediators
β‐amyloid
deteriorated
animals'
cognitive
performance.
Since
periodontitis
result
disturbed
homoeostasis,
an
effect
therapy
host
related
parameters
may
suggested
should
elucidated
further
clinical
trials.
Nature Communications,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
14(1)
Published: Aug. 28, 2023
Abstract
Microglial
activation
plays
central
roles
in
neuroinflammatory
and
neurodegenerative
diseases.
Positron
emission
tomography
(PET)
targeting
18
kDa
Translocator
Protein
(TSPO)
is
widely
used
for
localising
inflammation
vivo,
but
its
quantitative
interpretation
remains
uncertain.
We
show
that
TSPO
expression
increases
activated
microglia
mouse
brain
disease
models
does
not
change
a
non-human
primate
model
or
common
human
describe
genetic
divergence
the
gene
promoter,
consistent
with
hypothesis
increase
myeloid
cells
depends
on
transcription
factor
AP1
unique
to
subset
of
rodent
species
within
Muroidea
superfamily.
Finally,
we
identify
LCP2
TFEC
as
potential
markers
microglial
humans.
These
data
emphasise
related
different
phenomena
than
mice,
TSPO-PET
signals
humans
reflect
density
inflammatory
rather
state.
Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine,
Journal Year:
2023,
Volume and Issue:
27(5), P. 593 - 608
Published: Feb. 8, 2023
Centella
asiatica
is
an
ethnomedicinal
herbaceous
species
that
grows
abundantly
in
tropical
and
sub-tropical
regions
of
China,
India,
South-Eastern
Asia
Africa.
It
a
popular
nutraceutical
employed
various
forms
clinical
cosmetic
treatments.
C.
extracts
are
reported
widely
Ayurvedic
Chinese
traditional
medicine
to
boost
memory,
prevent
cognitive
deficits
improve
brain
functions.
The
major
bioactive
constituents
the
pentacyclic
triterpenoid
glycosides,
asiaticoside
madecassoside,
their
corresponding
aglycones,
asiatic
acid
madecassic
acid.
Asiaticoside
madecassoside
have
been
identified
as
marker
compounds
Pharmacopoeia
these
triterpene
offer
wide
range
pharmacological
properties,
including
neuroprotective,
cardioprotective,
hepatoprotective,
wound
healing,
anti-inflammatory,
anti-oxidant,
anti-allergic,
anti-depressant,
anxiolytic,
antifibrotic,
antibacterial,
anti-arthritic,
anti-tumour
immunomodulatory
activities.
also
used
extensively
treating
skin
abnormalities,
burn
injuries,
ischaemia,
ulcers,
asthma,
lupus,
psoriasis
scleroderma.
Besides
medicinal
applications,
phytocompounds
considered
cosmetically
beneficial
for
role
anti-ageing,
hydration,
collagen
synthesis,
UV
protection
curing
scars.
Existing
reports
experimental
studies
on
between
2005
2022
selectively
reviewed
this
article
provide
comprehensive
overview
numerous
therapeutic
advantages
potential
roles
medical
future.
Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
153, P. 113430 - 113430
Published: July 18, 2022
The
role
of
the
gut
microbiota
in
human
health
is
one
most
important
research
topics.
There
a
strong
relationship
between
microbiota-gut-brain
axis
and
cognitive
functions.
Since
Alzheimer's
disease
(AD)
characterized
by
impairment,
influence
development
treatment
attracts
considerable
attention.
Gerobiotics
new
concept
that
includes
probiotics
or
derived
postbiotics
involved
delaying
aging
process.
Increasing
evidence
literature
suggests
gerobiotics
has
roles
pathogenesis
progression
AD,
even
its
treatment,
through
various
mechanisms
action.
Several
researchers
have
established
linkage
ingestion
improved
dysbiosis
functions,
nevertheless
dose
duration
differ
based
on
strain.
Furthermore,
oxidative-inflammatory
pathways
are
mainly
neuroprotective
effects
caused
gerobiotics.
This
review
provides
alteration
modulation
AD.
Brain,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
145(10), P. 3454 - 3471
Published: May 10, 2022
Abstract
The
aggregation
and
prion-like
propagation
of
α-synuclein
are
involved
in
the
pathogenesis
Parkinson’s
disease.
However,
underlying
mechanisms
regulating
assembly
spreading
fibrils
remain
poorly
understood.
Tau
co-deposits
with
brains
disease
patients,
suggesting
a
pathological
interplay
between
them.
Here
we
show
that
tau
interacts
accelerates
its
aggregation.
Compared
pure
fibrils,
tau-modified
enhanced
seeding
activity,
inducing
mitochondrial
dysfunction,
synaptic
impairment
neurotoxicity
vitro.
Injection
into
striatum
mice
induces
more
severe
pathology,
motor
dysfunction
cognitive
when
compared
injected
fibrils.
Knockout
attenuates
pathology
disease-like
symptoms
both
α-syn
A53T
transgenic
mice.
In
conclusion,
facilitates
Frontiers in Pharmacology,
Journal Year:
2022,
Volume and Issue:
13
Published: Oct. 25, 2022
Despite
the
significant
advances
in
neurology,
cure
for
neurodegenerative
conditions
remains
a
formidable
task
to
date.
Among
various
factors
arising
from
complex
etiology
of
diseases,
neuroinflammation
and
oxidative
stress
play
major
role
pathogenesis.
To
this
end,
some
phytocannabinoids
isolated
Cannabis
sativa
(widely
known
as
marijuana)
have
attracted
attention
potential
neurotherapeutics.
The
profound
effect
∆
9
-tetrahydrocannabinol
(THC),
psychoactive
component
cannabis,
has
led
discovery
endocannabinoid
system
molecular
target
central
nervous
(CNS).
Cannabidiol
(CBD),
non-psychoactive
recently
emerged
prototype
neuroprotective
drug
development
due
its
antioxidant
anti-inflammatory
properties
well-tolerated
pharmacological
behavior.
This
review
briefly
discusses
inflammation
neurodegeneration
demonstrates
cannabidiol,
highlighting
general
mechanism
action
disease-specific
pathways
Parkinson’s
disease
(PD)
Alzheimer’s
(AD).
Furthermore,
we
summarized
preclinical
clinical
findings
on
therapeutic
promise
CBD
PD
AD,
shed
light
importance
determining
window,
provide
insights
into
identifying
promising
new
research
directions.
