Application of stem cells in regeneration medicine

MedComm, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 4(4)

Published: June 17, 2023

Abstract Regeneration is a complex process affected by many elements independent or combined, including inflammation, proliferation, and tissue remodeling. Stem cells class of primitive with the potentiality differentiation, regenerate self‐replication, multidirectional immunomodulatory functions. their cytokines not only inextricably linked to regeneration ectodermal skin tissues, but also can be used for treatment variety chronic wounds. produce exosomes in paracrine manner. cell play an important role regeneration, repair, accelerated wound healing, biological properties which are similar stem cells, while safer more effective. Skin bone tissues critical organs body, essential sustaining life activities. The weak repairing ability leads pronounced impact on quality patients, could alleviated treatment. However, there obstacles that trough improved bioavailability. This paper summarizes applications mechanisms healing. We propose new ways utilizing through different nanoformulations, liposomes nanoliposomes, polymer micelles, microspheres, hydrogels, scaffold microneedles, improve use healing regeneration.

Language: Английский

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Nanotechnology-Driven Therapeutic Innovations in Neurodegenerative Disorders: A Focus on Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s Disease

Future Pharmacology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 4(2), P. 352 - 379

Published: April 30, 2024

Neurodegenerative disorders entail a progressive loss of neurons in cerebral and peripheral tissues, coupled with the aggregation proteins exhibiting altered physicochemical properties. Crucial to these conditions is gradual degradation central nervous system, manifesting as impairments mobility, aberrant behaviors, cognitive deficits. Mechanisms such proteotoxic stress, neuroinflammation, oxidative programmed cell death contribute ongoing dysfunction demise neurons. Presently, neurodegenerative diseases lack definitive cures, available therapies primarily offer palliative relief. The integration nanotechnology into medical practices has significantly augmented both treatment efficacy diagnostic capabilities. Nanoparticles, capable traversing blood–brain barrier, hold considerable potential for diagnosing treating brain pathologies. By combining gene therapy nanotechnology, therapeutic effectiveness against can be substantially enhanced. Recent advancements nano-biomaterial-based methodologies have fortified existing approaches neural stem (NSC) differentiation therapies. NSC-targeting technologies promising, potentially safe method diseases. This review endeavors summarize current insights perspectives on nanotechnology-driven innovations disorders, particular emphasis Alzheimer’s Parkinson’s disease.

Language: Английский

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A Wonderful Journey: The Diverse Roles of Adenosine Deaminase Action on RNA 1 (ADAR1) in Central Nervous System Diseases

CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 31(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Background Adenosine deaminase action on RNA 1 (ADAR1) can convert the adenosine in double‐stranded (dsRNA) molecules into inosine a process known as A‐to‐I editing. ADAR1 regulates gene expression output by interacting with and other proteins; plays important roles development, including growth; is linked to innate immunity, tumors, central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Results In recent years, role of tumors has been widely discussed, but its CNS diseases not reviewed. It worth noting that studies have shown great potential treatment neurodegenerative diseases, mechanisms are still unclear. Therefore, it necessary elaborate Conclusions Here, we focus effects such Aicardi–AicardiGoutières syndrome, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's glioblastoma, epilepsy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, autism. We also evaluate impact ADAR1‐based strategies these particular development new technologies microRNAs, nanotechnology, editing, stem cell therapy. hope provide directions insights for future editing technology brain science

Language: Английский

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Multifunctional electrospun nanofiber films of polyacrylonitrile and polyvinyl alcohol incorporating rhamnose and therapeutic agents for enhanced healing of infected burn wounds

Journal of Biomaterials Science Polymer Edition, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 33

Published: Jan. 12, 2025

Infected burn wounds present significant clinical challenges due to delayed healing and risk of infection, necessitating advanced treatments that offer both antimicrobial regenerative properties. This study aimed develop evaluate multifunctional electrospun nanofiber films incorporating rhamnose (as an angiogenic agent) therapeutic agents, namely fluticasone, mupirocin, ciprofloxacin, silver sulfadiazine, for the enhanced infected wounds. Nanofibers containing rhamnose, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl alcohol agents were fabricated via electrospinning. The nanofibers characterized chemically biologically. FTIR confirmed successful drug incorporation, while XRD indicated a reduced crystallinity in drug-loaded nanofibers. SEM analysis revealed bead formation some formulations. MTT assays demonstrated moderate cytotoxicity, with formulations F2 (containing all components) F4 components except sulfadiazine) showing activity rhamnose. Antibacterial studies superior efficacy F1 rhamnose) against Staphylococcus aureus Klebsiella pneumoniae, anti-inflammatory highlighted strong ROS inhibition by In vivo wound 14 days showed faster closure scarring groups treated F1-F4, particularly those multiple active achieving up 30% than control group. exhibited promising antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, wound-healing properties, making them potential candidates treating Further are needed optimize clinical.

Language: Английский

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Advancements in the Application of Nanomedicine in Alzheimer’s Disease: A Therapeutic Perspective

International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 24(18), P. 14044 - 14044

Published: Sept. 13, 2023

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative that affects most people worldwide. AD complex central nervous system disorder. Several drugs have been designed to cure AD, but with low success rates. Because the blood–brain and blood–cerebrospinal fluid barriers are two protect system, their presence has severely restricted efficacy of many treatments studied for diagnosis and/or therapy. The use nanoparticles treatment focus an established rapidly developing field nanomedicine. Recent developments in nanomedicine made it possible effectively transport brain. However, numerous obstacles remain successful nanomedicines clinical settings treatment. Furthermore, given rapid advancement therapeutics, better outcomes patients can be anticipated. This article provides overview recent using different types management AD.

Language: Английский

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Most recent advances and applications of extracellular vesicles in tackling neurological challenges

Medicinal Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 44(4), P. 1923 - 1966

Published: March 18, 2024

Over the past few decades, there has been a notable increase in global burden of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. Despite advances technology and therapeutic options, neurological neurodegenerative disorders persist as significant challenges treatment cure. Recently, remarkable surge interest extracellular vesicles (EVs) pivotal mediators intercellular communication. As carriers molecular cargo, EVs demonstrate ability to traverse blood-brain barrier, enabling bidirectional result, they have garnered attention potential biomarkers agents, whether their natural form or after being engineered for use CNS. This review article aims provide comprehensive introduction EVs, encompassing various aspects such diverse isolation methods, characterization, handling, storage, different routes EV administration. Additionally, it underscores recent applications disorder therapeutics. By exploring unique capabilities, this study sheds light on promising future clinical research. It considers inherent limitations these emerging while incorporating most updates field.

Language: Английский

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Neural stem cells for Parkinson’s disease management: Challenges, nanobased support, and prospects

World Journal of Stem Cells, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 15(7), P. 687 - 700

Published: July 24, 2023

Parkinson's disease (PD), characterized by loss of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons, is one the most predominant neurodegenerative diseases affecting elderly population worldwide. The concept stem cell therapy in managing has evolved over years and recently rapidly progressed. Neural cells (NSCs) have a few key features, including self-renewal, proliferation, multipotency, which make them promising agent targeting neurodegeneration. It generally agreed that challenges for NSC-based are present at every stage transplantation process, preoperative preparation quality control, perioperative procedures, postoperative graft preservation, adherence, overall success. In this review, we provided comprehensive, careful, critical discussion experimental clinical data alongside pros cons PD. Given state-of-the-art accomplishments therapy, gene nanotechnology, shed light on perspective complementing advantages each process developing nano-stem currently research hotspot. Although various obstacles remain, holds promise to cure PD, however, continuous improvement development from laboratory experiments application necessary.

Language: Английский

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Gold and silver nanoparticles in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diagnostics and treatments

Ibrain, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 9(3), P. 298 - 315

Published: Aug. 14, 2023

Abstract Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) impose substantial medical and public health burdens on people worldwide represent one of the major threats to human health. The prevalence these age‐dependent disorders is dramatically increasing over time, a process intrinsically related constantly rising percentage elderly population in recent years. Among all NDs, Alzheimer's Parkinson's are considered most debilitating as they cause memory cognitive loss, well severely affecting basic physiological conditions such ability move, speak, breathe. There an extreme need for new more effective therapies counteract devastating diseases, available treatments only able slow down pathogenic without really stopping or resolving it. This review aims elucidate current nanotechnology‐based tools representing future hope NDs treatment. Noble metal nano‐systems, that is, gold silver nanoparticles (NPs), have indeed unique physicochemical characteristics enabling them deliver any pharmacological treatment way within central nervous system. can potentially make NPs reversing actual therapeutic strategy based slowing irreversible into permanent

Language: Английский

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Converging frontiers in cancer treatment: the role of nanomaterials, mesenchymal stem cells, and microbial agents—challenges and limitations

Discover Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Dec. 21, 2024

Globally, people widely recognize cancer as one of the most lethal diseases due to its high mortality rates and lack effective treatment options. Ongoing research into therapies remains a critical area inquiry, holding significant social relevance. Currently used treatment, such chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery, often suffers from other problems like damaging side effects, inaccuracy, ability clear tumors. Conventional are usually imprecise ineffective develop resistance treatments recurs. Cancer patients need fresh innovative that can reduce effects while maximizing effectiveness. In recent decades several breakthroughs in these, areas medical research, have paved way for new avenues fighting including more focused alternatives. This study reviews exciting possibilities mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), nanomaterials, microbial agents modern realm treatment. Nanoparticles (NPs) demonstrated surprisingly potential. They improve drug delivery systems (DDS) significantly, enhance imaging techniques remarkably, target selectively protecting healthy tissues. MSCs play double role tissue repair vehicle novel gene NPs loaded with therapeutic agents. Additionally, utilizing agents, particularly those involving bacteria, offer an inventive approach review investigates potential MSCs, addressing shortcomings conventional therapies. We will also discuss challenges limitations using these approaches.

Language: Английский

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The rise of 3D bioprinting advancements in modeling neurodegenerative diseases

Ibrain, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 22, 2025

Abstract Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are disorders that drastically alter the physiological functioning of neurons in brain. These processes often accompanied by abnormal protein aggregates physical and chemical properties brain tissue peripheral nerves. The causes NDs complex, involving genetic factors, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, environmental influences, lifestyle, while symptoms progression vary significantly based on mechanisms cell death. Currently, no definitive treatment exists for NDs, as underlying degenerative remain poorly understood. Existing therapies focus symptom alleviation but insufficient to halt or prevent disease progression. This highlights urgent need strategies mimic pathophysiology facilitating deeper insights development effective treatments. Conventional vitro vivo models attempt replicate fail capture complexity nervous its interactions. In this context, 3D microfluidic bioprinting emerges a transformative technology. By enabling precise deposition cells biomaterials, it allows creation with high degree structural functional complexity. advancements provide valuable platform faithfully modeling bridging critical gaps our understanding, paving way toward innovative therapeutic approaches.

Language: Английский

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