Engineered exosomes and composite biomaterials for tissue regeneration

Theranostics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(5), P. 2099 - 2126

Published: Jan. 1, 2024

Exosomes, which are small vesicles enclosed by a lipid bilayer and released many cell types, widely dispersed have garnered increased attention in the field of regenerative medicine due to their ability serve as indicators diseases agents with therapeutic potential. Exosomes play crucial role mediating intercellular communication through transfer biomolecules, including proteins, lipids, RNA, other molecular constituents, between cells. The targeted transport proteins nucleic acids specific cells has potential enhance or impair biological functions. applications, they can be used alone combination approaches. examination unique attributes functions these factors emerged prominent study realm biomedical research. This manuscript summarizes origins properties exosomes, structural, biological, physical, chemical aspects. paper offers complete recent progress tissue repair medicine, emphasizing possible implications methods forthcoming regeneration attempts.

Language: Английский

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Biochemical and Biophysical Cues of The Extracellular Matrix Modulates Stem Cell Fate: Progress and Prospect in Extracellular Matrix Mimicking Biomaterials

Biomedical Engineering Advances, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100143 - 100143

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Extracellular vesicles from mesenchymal stem cells improve liver injury in rats with mild liver damage. Underlying mechanisms and role of TGFβ

Life Sciences, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 364, P. 123429 - 123429

Published: Jan. 28, 2025

Language: Английский

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Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes promote tissue repair injury in rats with liver trauma by regulating gut microbiota and metabolism

Molecular and Cellular Probes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 75, P. 101958 - 101958

Published: March 27, 2024

The effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and MSC-derived exosomes (MSC-exos) on serum metabolites intestinal microbiota in rats after liver trauma were discussed. Adult Wistar Albino assigned into control, model (liver trauma), MSCs, MSC-exos groups (n = 6). study examined changes the inflammatory environment tissues analyzed by histological examination analysis macrophage phenotypes. Alterations determined untargeted metabonomics, gut composition was characterized 16S rDNA sequencing. Correlations between specific microbiota, metabolites, response calculated using Spearman correlation analysis. Rats with MSCs treatment exhibited attenuated infiltration necrosis tissues. reduced proportion M1 macrophages, accompanied a decrease inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) tumor factor-alpha (TNF-α) levels. Furthermore, expanded M2 an increase arginase-1 (Arg-1) interleukin-10 (IL-10) beneficial MSC-exo superior to those MSC treatment. abundance altered pathological rats, whereas intervention partially restored metabolite alterations. At phylum level, alterations Bacteroidota, Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobiota observed intervention. genus Intestinimonas, Alistipes, Aerococcus, Faecalibaculum, Lachnospiraceae_ND3007_group main differential microbiota. 6-Methylnicotinamide, N-Methylnicotinamide, Glutathione, oxidized, ISOBUTYRATE, ASCORBATE, EICOSAPENTAENOATE, GLYCEROL 3-PHOSPHATE, Ascorbate radical selected as important metabolites. There clear Ascorbate, Intestinimonas/Faecalibaculum cytokines. promoted repair tissue damage regulating providing new insights how inflammation trauma.

Language: Английский

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Advances in the application of extracellular vesicles derived from three-dimensional culture of stem cells

Journal of Nanobiotechnology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 22(1)

Published: May 1, 2024

Abstract Stem cells (SCs) have been used therapeutically for decades, yet their applications are limited by factors such as the risk of immune rejection and potential tumorigenicity. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), a key paracrine component stem cell potency, overcome drawbacks cell-free therapeutic agent play an important role in treating various diseases. However, EVs derived from two-dimensional (2D) planar culture SCs low yield face challenges large-scale production, which hinders clinical translation EVs. Three-dimensional (3D) culture, given its ability to more realistically simulate vivo environment, can not only expand large quantities, but also improve activity EVs, changing content improving effects. In this review, we briefly describe advantages EV-related applications, provide overview 3D finally focus on specific future perspectives different SCs. Graphical

Language: Английский

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The potential applications of artificially modified exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells in tumor therapy

Frontiers in Oncology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Jan. 4, 2024

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have tumor-homing ability and play critical roles in tumor treatment, but their dual influences on progression limit therapeutic applications. Exosomes derived from MSCs (MSC-exosomes) exhibit great potential targeted treatment due to advantages of high stability, low immunogenicity, good biocompatibility, long circulation time homing characteristics. Furthermore, the artificial modification MSC-exosomes could amplify inhibitory effect tumors overcome tumor-promoting effect. In this review, we summarize latest strategies involving artificially modified including employing these exosomes as nanomaterials carry noncoding RNAs or inhibitors anticancer drugs, genetic engineering MSC-exosomes. We also discuss feasibility utilizing an emerging cell-free method for related challenges.

Language: Английский

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BMP7-Loaded Human Umbilical Cord Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Small Extracellular Vesicles Ameliorate Liver Fibrosis by Targeting Activated Hepatic Stellate Cells

International Journal of Nanomedicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: Volume 19, P. 3475 - 3495

Published: April 1, 2024

Purpose: Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (hucMSC)-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are natural nanocarriers with promising potential in treating liver fibrosis and have widespread applications the fields of nanomedicine regenerative medicine. However, therapeutic efficacy hucMSC-sEVs is currently limited owing to their non-specific distribution vivo partial removal by mononuclear macrophages following systemic delivery. Thus, can be improved through development engineered capable overcome these limitations. Patients Methods: To improve anti-liver hucMSC-sEVs, we genetically overexpress anti-fibrotic gene bone morphogenic protein 7 ( BMP7 ) parental cells. This was achieved using lentiviral transfection, which BMP7-loaded were isolated ultracentrifugation. First, induced C57BL/6J mice intraperitoneal injection 50% carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) twice a week for 8 weeks. These subsequently treated BMP7+sEVs via tail vein injection, effect validated animal imaging, immunohistochemistry (IHC), tissue immunofluorescence, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Finally, function studies performed confirm results. Results: Liver imaging histopathology confirmed that could reach aggregate around activated hepatic stellate cells (aHSCs) significantly stronger compared those blank or negative control-transfected hucMSC-sEVs. In vitro, promoted phenotypic reversal aHSCs inhibited proliferation enhance effects. Conclusion: offer novel strategy clinical treatment fibrosis. Keywords: hucMSCs, sEVs, aHSCs, nanocarrier,

Language: Английский

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Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles for Cancer Therapy and Tissue Engineering Applications

Molecular Pharmaceutics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 20(11), P. 5278 - 5311

Published: Oct. 23, 2023

Recently, stem cells and their secretomes have attracted great attention in biomedical applications, particularly extracellular vesicles (EVs). EVs are of for cell-to-cell communication. They play a role as intercellular messengers they carry proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, therapeutic agents. also been utilized drug-delivery vehicles due to biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, stability, targetability, engineerable properties. The potential can be further enhanced by surface engineering modification using functional molecules such aptamers, peptides, antibodies. As consequence, hold promise effective delivery enhancing treatment efficacy while avoiding side effects. Among various cell types that secrete EVs, ideal sources because unique properties self-renewal regenerative transplantation into damaged tissues facilitate regeneration. However, challenges immune rejection ethical considerations remain significant hurdles. Stem cell-derived extensively explored cell-free approach bypasses many associated with cell-based therapy cancer tissue In this review, we summarize discuss the current knowledge source engineering, applications focusing on engineering.

Language: Английский

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TRIM25‐Mediated INSIG1 Ubiquitination Promotes MASH Progression Through Reprogramming Lipid Metabolism

Advanced Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: April 15, 2025

Abstract The global incidence of Metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatohepatitis (MASH) is increasing, highlighting the urgent need for new treatment strategies. This study aimed to investigate involvement tripartite motif‐containing 25 (TRIM25) in MASH progression and explore therapeutic potential TRIM25 inhibitor, C 27 H 26 N 2 O 4 S. Functional studies reveal that promoted lipid accumulation inflammation by ubiquitinating degrading insulin‐induced gene 1 (INSIG1), thereby enhancing nuclear translocation sterol regulatory element‐binding protein (SREBP2) upregulating biosynthesis genes. In vivo experiments using knockout mice demonstrated deletion ameliorated progression, reduced fibrosis, decreased inflammatory cell infiltration. It identifies S as a specific inhibitor TRIM25. effectively INSIG1 ubiquitination attenuated hepatocytes. To enhance hepatic delivery S, it utilizes exosomes derived from stellate cells (HSC‐EVs). Biodistribution analysis confirmed HSC‐EVs preferentially accumulated liver. mouse model, HSC‐EV‐encapsulated (C S@HSC‐EV) significantly alleviated severity fibrosis. highlights critical role presents S@HSC‐EV promising approach treatment.

Language: Английский

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Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as delivery vehicles for non-coding RNAs in lung diseases

Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 170, P. 116008 - 116008

Published: Dec. 9, 2023

The burden of lung diseases is gradually increasing with an increase in the average human life expectancy. Therefore, it necessary to identify effective methods treat and reduce their social burden. Currently, number studies focus on role mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) as a cell-free therapy diseases. They show great potential for application more stable safer option than traditional cell therapies. MSC-Exos are rich various substances, including proteins, nucleic acids, DNA. Delivery Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) enables communicate target cells. significantly inhibit inflammatory factors, oxidative stress, promote normal proliferation, apoptosis by delivering ncRNAs. Moreover, carrying specific ncRNAs affect invasion, migration cancer cells, thereby playing managing cancer. detailed mechanisms clinical treatment disease were explored developing standardized culture, isolation, purification, administration strategies. In summary, MSC-Exo-based delivery have important prospects treating

Language: Английский

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