Pathophysiologic Mechanisms and Potential Biomarkers in Diabetic Kidney Disease

Diabetes & Metabolism Journal, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 46(2), P. 181 - 197

Published: March 25, 2022

Although diabetic kidney disease (DKD) remains the leading cause of end-stage eventually requiring chronic replacement therapy, prevalence DKD has failed to decline over past 30 years. In order reduce prevalence, extensive research been ongoing improve prediction onset and progression. most commonly used markers are albuminuria estimated glomerular filtration rate, their limitations have encouraged researchers search for novel biomarkers that could risk stratification. Considering is a complex process involves several pathophysiologic mechanisms such as hyperglycemia induced inflammation, oxidative stress, tubular damage, damage fibrosis, many capture one specific mechanism developed. Moreover, increasing use high-throughput omic approaches analyze biological samples include proteomics, metabolomics, transcriptomics emerged strong tool in biomarker discovery. This review will first describe recent advances understanding pathophysiology DKD, second, current clinical well status multiple potential with respect protein biomarkers, transcriptomics.

Language: Английский

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Role of resveratrol supplementation in regulation of glucose hemostasis, inflammation and oxidative stress in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial

Complementary Therapies in Medicine, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 66, P. 102819 - 102819

Published: March 1, 2022

The objective was to determine the effects of resveratrol supplementation on glucose homeostasis, oxidative stress, inflammation and microRNAs expression in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2 oral hypoglycemic drugs. This a randomized, double blinded placebo-controlled parallel group trial. diabetic (n = 110) were randomly assigned either 55) placebo (55) groups after informed consent given once daily 200 mg cellulose capsules respectively for 24 weeks. Fasting glucose, insulin, HbA1c, lipid profile, TNF- α, IL-6, hs-CRP, MDA & circulatory measured at start end 24- week intervention. Out 110 recruited, 94 completed study comprising 45 46 group. weeks resulted significant reduction [mean difference (95%CI)] plasma glucose[− 0.50(−0.94 −0.06)], insulin[− 1.31(−2.24 −0.38)], homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance[− 0.83(−1.37 −0.29)], malondialdehyde[− 0.36(−0.61 −0.11)], high sensitive-C-reactive protein[− 0.35(−0.70 −0.01)], tumor necrosis factor-alpha[− 1.25(−1.90 −0.61)] interleukin-6[− 1.99(−3.29 −0.69)]. More than two-fold down regulation miRNA-34a, miRNA-375, miRNA-21, miRNA-192 up miRNA-126 miRNA-132 noted receiving as compared placebo. No side reported during Resveratrol contributes improvement glycemic control by reducing resistance. It has beneficial impact chronic inflammation, stress associated microRNA patients. Thus, along agents may be useful complications.

Language: Английский

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Non-coding RNAs in kidney injury and repair

AJP Cell Physiology, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 317(2), P. C177 - C188

Published: April 10, 2019

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major disease featured by rapid decline of renal function. Pathologically, AKI characterized tubular epithelial cell and death. Besides its acute consequence, contributes critically to the development progression chronic (CKD). After AKI, surviving cells regenerate repair. Normal repair restores integrity, while maladaptive or incomplete results in fibrosis eventually CKD. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are functional RNA molecules that transcribed from DNA but not translated into proteins, which mainly include microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding (lncRNAs), circular (circRNAs), small nucleolar (snoRNAs), tRNAs. Accumulating evidence suggests ncRNAs play important roles In this review, we summarize recent advances understanding ncRNAs, especially miRNAs lncRNAs repair, discuss potential application as biomarkers well therapeutic targets for treating impeding AKI-CKD transition, highlight future research directions

Language: Английский

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circRNAs Signature as Potential Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarker for Diabetes Mellitus and Related Cardiovascular Complications

Cells, Journal Year: 2020, Volume and Issue: 9(3), P. 659 - 659

Published: March 9, 2020

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) belong to the ever-growing class of naturally occurring noncoding (ncRNAs) molecules. Unlike linear RNA, circRNAs are covalently closed transcripts mostly generated from precursor-mRNA by a non-canonical event called back-splicing. They highly stable, evolutionarily conserved, and widely distributed in eukaryotes. Some believed fulfill variety functions inside cell mainly acting as microRNAs (miRNAs) or RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) sponges. Furthermore, mounting evidence suggests that misregulation is among first alterations various metabolic disorders including obesity, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases. More recent research has revealed also play substantial role pathogenesis diabetes mellitus (DM) related vascular complications. These findings have added new layer complexity our understanding DM underscored need reexamine molecular pathways lead this disorder context epigenetics circRNA regulatory mechanisms. Here, I review current knowledge about dysregulation describe their potential innovative biomarkers predict diabetes-related (CV) events. Finally, discuss some actual limitations promise these RNA emerging therapeutics provide recommendations for future on circRNA-based medicine.

Language: Английский

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Biomarkers: New Advances in Diabetic Nephropathy

Natural Product Communications, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 20(2)

Published: Feb. 1, 2025

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the leading cause of uremia and clinical mortality, characterized by progressive deterioration kidney structure function due to prolonged exposure hyperglycemia. This condition often necessitates renal replacement therapy for patients with end-stage-renal-disease (ESRD). Consequently, early detection, diagnosis, treatment DN are crucial mitigate disease progression, enhance patient outcomes, maintain a good quality life. Exploring relevant biomarkers diagnosis holds significant importance. In recent years, numerous researchers have identified various novel associated diabetic nephropathy, which critical predicting both onset progression disease. article aims provide comprehensive overview related DN.

Language: Английский

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The circulating exosomal microRNAs related to albuminuria in patients with diabetic nephropathy

Journal of Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 17(1)

Published: July 22, 2019

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is associated with high risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality. Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression in a variety tissues play important roles the pathology various diseases. We hypothesized that exosomal miRNA profile would differ between DN patients without nephropathy. prospectively enrolled 74 participants, including healthy volunteers (HVs), diabetic nephropathy, those DN. The serum profiles participants were examined using RNA sequencing. levels 107 miRNAs differed HVs DN, whereas 95 Among these miRNAs, we found 7 (miR-1246, miR-642a-3p, let-7c-5p, miR-1255b-5p, let-7i-3p, miR-5010-5p, miR-150-3p) uniquely up-regulated compared to HVs, miR-4449 was highly expressed A pathway analysis revealed eight are likely involved MAPK signaling, integrin function angiogenesis, regulation AP-1 transcription factor. Moreover, they all significantly correlated degree albuminuria. Patients have different HVs. These may be promising candidates for diagnosis treatment disease.

Language: Английский

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Genetic and Epigenetic Studies in Diabetic Kidney Disease

Frontiers in Genetics, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 10

Published: June 7, 2019

Kidney disease is a worldwide health crisis, while diabetes kidney (DKD) has become leading cause of end stage renal (ESRD). DKD microvascular complication and occurs in 30-40% patients. Epidemiological investigation clinical observation on the familial clustering heritability have implicated that genetic susceptibilities are involved pathogenesis. Furthermore, progressive long-term complication, which epigenetic effects environmental factors interacted with background. In recent years, researchers put efforts studies order to better understand its molecular mechanisms. this review, material, research approach experimental design been used for described. Current information from ESRD patients diabetes, including approaches genome or epigenome-wide association study (GWAS EWAS) candidate gene analysis, summarized. Further defects new such as next generation sequencing analysis phenome-wide (PheWAS) discussed.

Language: Английский

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Epigenetic modifications in diabetes

Metabolism, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 126, P. 154920 - 154920

Published: Oct. 27, 2021

Language: Английский

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Exploring the Therapeutic Significance of microRNAs and lncRNAs in Kidney Diseases

Genes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1), P. 123 - 123

Published: Jan. 19, 2024

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are two crucial classes of transcripts that belong to the major group (ncRNAs). These RNA molecules have significant influence over diverse molecular processes due their role as regulators gene expression. However, dysregulated expression these ncRNAs constitutes a fundamental factor in etiology progression wide variety multifaceted human diseases, including kidney diseases. In this context, past years, compelling evidence has shown miRNAs lncRNAs could be prospective targets for development next-generation drugs against diseases they participate number disease-associated processes, such podocyte nephron death, renal fibrosis, inflammation, transition from acute injury chronic disease, vascular changes, sepsis, pyroptosis, apoptosis. Hence, current review, we critically analyze recent findings concerning therapeutic inferences pathophysiological context Additionally, with aim driving advances formulation ncRNA-based tailored management discuss some key challenges future prospects should addressed forthcoming investigations.

Language: Английский

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Bariatric Surgery Alters microRNA Content of Circulating Exosomes in Patients with Obesity

Obesity, Journal Year: 2019, Volume and Issue: 27(2), P. 264 - 271

Published: Jan. 9, 2019

Objective Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) are potential biomarkers for obesity, in which they regulate biological processes. Bariatric surgery has health benefits patients with obesity; however, the mechanisms of these not clear. This study attempted to identify exosomal miRNA signature associated obesity and how it changed after bariatric surgery. Methods Healthy volunteers (HVs) nondiabetic were prospectively enrolled study. The assessed serum profiles HVs using RNA sequencing. To evaluate effects surgery, also analyzed miRNAs 6 months Results sequencing revealed differential expression 72 compared 41 post‐ versus presurgery blood. Among differentially expressed miRNAs, identified nine surgery‐responsive that highly before HVs. Biological pathway analysis indicated likely involved WNT, neurotrophin, insulin signaling; receptor signaling cascade; focal adhesion. Conclusions Patients have a distinct profile In addition, weight loss alters obesity.

Language: Английский

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