Can insects feel pain? A review of the neural and behavioural evidence

Advances in insect physiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 155 - 229

Published: Jan. 1, 2022

Language: Английский

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Use of object detection in camera trap image identification: Assessing a method to rapidly and accurately classify human and animal detections for research and application in recreation ecology

Global Ecology and Conservation, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 35, P. e02104 - e02104

Published: March 25, 2022

Camera traps are increasingly used to answer complex ecological questions. However, the rapidly growing number of images collected presents technical challenges. Each image must be classified extract data, requiring significant labor, and potentially creating an information bottleneck. We applied object detection model (MegaDetector) camera trap data from a study recreation ecology in British Columbia, Canada. tested its performance detecting humans animals relative manual classifications, assessed efficiency by comparing time required for classification versus modified workflow integrating with classification. also evaluated reliability using MegaDetector create index human activity application impacts wildlife. In our application, detected animal 99% 82% precision, 95% 92% recall respectively, at confidence threshold 90%. Processing speed was increased over 500%, processing component reduced 8.4 ×. The events matched output classification, mean 0.45% difference estimated detections across site-weeks. Our test open-source showed it performed well partially classifying dataset, significantly increasing efficiency. suggest that this tool could integrated into existing workflows accelerate research alleviating bottlenecks, particularly surveys large volumes images. show how can anonymize prior protecting individual privacy.

Language: Английский

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A Review of Non-Invasive Sampling in Wildlife Disease and Health Research: What’s New?

Animals, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(13), P. 1719 - 1719

Published: July 2, 2022

In the last decades, wildlife diseases and health status of animal populations have gained increasing attention from scientific community as part a One Health framework. Furthermore, need for non-invasive sampling methods with minimal impact on has become paramount in complying modern ethical standards regulations, to collect high-quality unbiased data. We analysed publication trends disease research offer comprehensive review different samples that can be collected non-invasively. retrieved 272 articles spanning 1998 2021, rapid increase number 2010. Thirty-nine percent papers were focussed diseases, 58% other health-related topics, 3% both. Stress physiological parameters most addressed followed by viruses, helminths, bacterial infections. Terrestrial mammals accounted 75% all publications, faeces widely used sample. Our materials collection highlights that, although use some types specific applications is now consolidated, others are perhaps still underutilised new technologies may future opportunities an even wider non-invasively samples.

Language: Английский

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Pervasive exposure of wild small mammals to legacy and currently used pesticide mixtures in arable landscapes

Scientific Reports, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Sept. 23, 2022

Knowledge gaps regarding the potential role of pesticides in loss agricultural biodiversity worldwide and mixture-related issues hamper proper risk assessment unintentional impacts pesticides, rendering essential monitoring wildlife exposure to these compounds. Free-ranging mammal legacy (Banned Restricted: BRPs) currently used (CUPs) was investigated, testing hypotheses of: (1) a background bioaccumulation for BRPs whereas "hot-spot" pattern CUPs, (2) different contamination profiles between carnivores granivores/omnivores, (3) non-treated areas as refuges towards CUPs. Apodemus mice (omnivore) Crocidura shrews (insectivore) were sampled over two French landscapes (n = 93). The concentrations 140 parent chemicals metabolites screened hair samples. A total 112 compounds detected, showing small fungicides, herbicides insecticides with 32 65 residues detected per individual (13-26 18-41 CUPs). Detection frequencies exceeded 75% individuals 13 25 Concentrations above 10 ng/g quantified 7 29 CUPs (in 46% 72% individuals, respectively), 100 22% individuals). Contamination (number or concentrations) overall higher than rodents animals captured hedgerows cereal crops grasslands, but did not differ significantly conventional organic farming. general, ubiquitous by current shown, raising about pathways on ecosystems. We propose concept referred "biowidening", depicting an increase compound diversity at trophic levels. This work suggests that pesticide mixtures is rule rather exception, highlighting need consideration exposome questioning appropriateness mitigation processes.

Language: Английский

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Advancements in artificial intelligence technology for improving animal welfare: Current applications and research progress

Animal Research and One Health, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 2(1), P. 93 - 109

Published: Dec. 29, 2023

Abstract The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in various sectors has led to significant advancements, with the animal industry being no exception. This review aims investigate benefits, limitations, and future prospects AI technology improving welfare. First, it examines role understanding behaviors emotions, providing deeper insights into their well‐being sources stress. Next, paper explores how can revolutionize nutrition through innovative algorithms data analytics. health aspect emphasizes ability identify manage illnesses intelligent systems. also highlights application living conditions, a focus on environmental management automated cleaning disinfection In conclusion, AI‐driven techniques for early prediction, close monitoring, accurate diagnosis diseases, ensuring healthier more sustainable livestock management. By leveraging its advantages, addressing exploring directions, potential significantly enhance welfare, agriculture, veterinary practices.

Language: Английский

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WildARe-YOLO: A lightweight and efficient wild animal recognition model

Ecological Informatics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 80, P. 102541 - 102541

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

Language: Английский

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AI-Powered Cow Detection in Complex Farm Environments

Smart Agricultural Technology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 100770 - 100770

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Investigating Social Immunity in Swarming Locusts via a Triple Animal–Robot–Pathogen Hybrid Interaction

Advanced Intelligent Systems, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 8, 2025

Social immunity involves collective defensive strategies against infectious diseases. Despite its prevalence in eusocial insects, little is known about social non‐eusocial organisms like gregarious locusts. To address this gap, an emergent biohybrid approach bridging robotics and ethology employed to study the behavior of phase Schistocerca gregaria response entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana . Herein, first animal–robot–microorganism interaction developed explore how infected biomimetic agents (IB) influence healthy locust compared (HB), as well non‐biomimetic controls (INB, HNB). Significant differences responses different agents, including latency duration, grooming behavior, tactile interactions, aggression are observed. In locusts, increased interactions IB highlight potential preventive measures pathogen transmission. Also, notably extended toward IB, emphasizing role reciprocal hygiene limiting pathogens spread within swarm. Infected locusts exhibit altered behaviors, with any robotic potentially be cleaned fungal conidia. This animal–robot reveals dynamics organisms, implications for pest control, evolutionary ecology, complex systems, bioinspired engineering design.

Language: Английский

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Evaluation of non-invasive hair snares for North American beavers (Castor canadensis): placement, efficiency, and beaver’s behavioral response

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13, P. e19080 - e19080

Published: April 3, 2025

Although the commercial demand for North American beaver ( Castor canadensis ) hair shaped much of socio-ecological landscape America, use in wildlife research has focused on Eurasian fiber and collection methods have largely involved handling animals alive or sampling dead animals. In 2022 2023, we tested utility barbed-wire snares to non-invasively collect from beavers around ponds Northern Minnesota. At 56 different ponds, deployed 64 with remote cameras. From these data, determined efficiency samples, what side body samples are collected, weight dirtiness potential bycatch, if impede beavers’ ability travel land. We collected 94% deployed, legs back most often. Forty-two percent had no dirt them, productive snare average 3.4 mg clean per day. Muskrats were second sampled animal, but only made up 16% total recorded video snare. Snares inhibited 0.1% videos n = 5,627 recorded, 6 where was inhibited). did not find any predictive variable that influenced e.g. , location at pond, presence wire brushes snare, number times touched snares, beaver’s sampled). Our study provides depth evidence passive used hair, serves as a guide non-invasive snaring multiple objectives such hormone, genetic, stable-isotope sample collection.

Language: Английский

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A review of spatial capture–recapture: Ecological insights, limitations, and prospects

Ecology and Evolution, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 12(1)

Published: Dec. 21, 2021

Abstract First described by Efford (2004), spatial capture–recapture (SCR) has become a popular tool in ecology. Like traditional capture–recapture, SCR methods account for imperfect detection when estimating ecological parameters. In addition, use the information inherent configuration of individual detections, thereby allowing spatially explicit estimation population parameters, such as abundance, survival, and recruitment. Paired with advances noninvasive survey methods, been applied to wide range species across different habitats, population‐ landscape‐level inferences direct consequences conservation management. I conduct literature review studies published since first description method provide an overview their scope terms questions answered this tool, taxonomic groups targeted, geography, spatio‐temporal extent analyses, data collection methods. approaches analytical implementation parameters targeted conclude current limitations future directions

Language: Английский

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