Food Bioscience, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 105098 - 105098
Published: Sept. 1, 2024
Language: Английский
Journal of Dairy Science, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown
Published: April 1, 2025
Understanding nutritional needs and management during the neonatal period is crucial for reducing mortality rates improving overall health of calves, thereby impacting economic viability farming operations. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate performance differences between calves fed dam's milk or replacer (MR) at high allowances their first week life. Twenty Brown Swiss (both male female) were colostrum transition 6 feedings twice daily in unlimited amounts. They then randomly assigned 1 2 treatments: receiving either MR 8 consecutive feedings, The weighed 3 times experiment, growth visible end trial, with milk-fed exhibiting superior compared MR-fed calves. Differences also observed fecal consistency, showing higher occurrence loose feces. Calves exhibited greater weight gain a relative increase body weight, achieving 22% 15% both birth weight. explained by nutrient density life MR, which, upon feed transition, decreased consumed energy 30% without changing consumption. feces scores interpreted as multifactorial issue likely caused an abrupt change feedstuff, concentrations osmolality-influencing agents such lactose minerals, lack abomasal clotting high-volume Our findings demonstrate that initial performance, fewer impairments, improved consistency transitioned early abruptly MR. In order better imitate stage life, lower ash but fat inclusion should be considered manufacturers.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Brazilian Journal of Biology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 85
Published: Jan. 1, 2025
Abstract Inadequate management of livestock practices causes low colostrum quality and failure in passive transfer immunity calves, which increases mortality production costs for farmers. Therefore, a study has been conducted order to determine the effectiveness province Orellana, Amazonian Ecuador. Subsequently, 50 mL was collected aseptically from total 32 cows before 4 hours postpartum, while blood extracted jugular vein calves at 24 h, followed 7, 15 21 days serum proteins. The data were analyzed using linear mixed model SAS repeated measures. According results, no differences observed chemical composition by breed effect (P = 0.23), age cow birth 0.30 0.98). Some 67% colostrums contained above degrees Brix%, being classified as high quality. On contrary, proteins varied 0.03) number births 0.04 0.001), although sex only indicated statistical tendency 0.07). Consequently, we realized that 60% sampled received an effective immunity. Conclusively, marked could be conditioned feed, animal biotype animal. this pioneer Ecuador, over 60%, with ≥ 5.5 g/dL obtained, should studied more depth risk factors under tropical conditions, most likely some decisive influence.
Language: Английский
Citations
0
Journal of Dairy Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 106(9), P. 6388 - 6401
Published: July 20, 2023
Immunoglobulin G is the fundamental antibody for acquisition of passive transfer immunity in ruminant newborns. Colostrum, fact, must be administered as soon possible after birth to ensure a successful IgG from dam calf. Assessment colostrum Ig concentration and gross composition via gold standards expensive, time consuming, hardly implementable large-scale investigations. Therefore, present study we evaluated predictive ability mid-infrared spectroscopy (MIRS) an indirect determination method. A total 714 samples collected within 6 h parturition Italian Holstein cows, 30% primiparous 70% pluriparous, were scanned using benchtop spectrometer dilution pure water. The prediction models developed by correlating spectral information with reference measurements: (93.54 ± 33.87 g/L), concentrations (102.82 35.04 content protein (14.71 3.51%), fat (4.61 3.04%), lactose (2.36 0.51 mg/100 mg). We found good excellent performance traditional traits cross-validation (R2CV ≥ 0.92) promising external validation R2V equal 0.84, 0.89, 0.74 IgG, protein, fat, respectively. In case content, example, coefficient was greater than 0.84. other fractions, M, presented insufficient accuracy likely due their extremely low compared (4.56 5.06 g/L vs. 93.54 g/L). discriminant MIRS-predicted outstanding when trying classify according quality level (i.e., high IgG). particular, cut-off that better discriminate low- high-quality 75.40 13.32% content. MIRS proposed rapid cheap tool punctual quantification screening low-quality samples. From practical perspective, there possibility install machineries already laboratories charge official milk testing. Colostrum phenotypes on individual basis will useful breeders definition specific selection strategies farmers management scopes. Finally, our findings may relevant stakeholders, given fact emerging ingredient animal human food pharmaceutical industry.
Language: Английский
Citations
8
Journal of Dairy Science, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 106(12), P. 8341 - 8356
Published: Aug. 23, 2023
Colostrum quality and volume are fundamental for calves because it is the primary supplier of antibodies first source energy, carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, minerals, vitamins newborn. Assessing detailed composition (i.e., AA mineral content) bovine colostrum (BC) on-line at a reasonable cost would help dairy stakeholders such as farmers or veterinarians precision feeding purposes industries producing preparations containing BC foodstuff, supplements, medicaments. In present study we evaluated mid- (MIRS) near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) prediction ability individual BC. Second, investigated major factors affecting phenotypic variability traits also evaluating correlations with Ig concentration. Results demonstrated that MIRS NIRS were able to provide sufficiently accurate predictions all AA. The coefficient determination in external validation (R2V) fell, fact, within range 0.70 0.86, exception Ile, His, Met. Only some minerals reached sufficient accuracy Ca, P, S, Mg; R2V ≥ 0.66) using MIRS, S (R2V = 0.87) NIRS. Phenotypically, both parity calving season affected these traits. Heifers' was one greatest concentration Ca 2 most abundant minerals. These however very low cows summer compared rest year. pattern across parities not linear, likely their scarcely (or not) by effects. Finally, samples characterized high IgG those presenting on average greater Findings suggest infrared has potential be used predict certain outlining possibility implementing on-site analyses evaluation broad-sense quality.
Language: Английский
Citations
8
Published: March 8, 2024
Most research on colostrum quality and management focuses maternal IgG transfer to the newborn calf. However, in addition being a source of antibodies, has other components that influence passive immune transfer, nutrition, gut maturation, thermoregulation. In this review, constituents bovine colostrum, as well their variation, are explored it is discussed biological role Protein nutrient higher concentration fat with most variation. There pronounced amplitude total solids content but average does not vary much between studies (24.7%). Bovine major can several factors, such region, season, breed, dry period length, nutritional aspects dam. Bioactive components, cells, microbiome variability less understood, besides IgG. Regardless, they play crucial distinct roles physiological development newborn. multi-interactive effect these microorganisms more likely occur. Recently researched like miRNA, nucleo(t)sides, milk globule membrane, oligosaccharides, minor proteins, examples promising interest areas study.
Language: Английский
Citations
2
Animal Microbiome, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 6(1)
Published: Aug. 31, 2024
In the context of RABOLA project, which aimed to identify operational practices that lead reduction antibiotic use in dairy cattle farming, lyophilised Aloe arborescens was administered orally cows during dry-off and peripartum periods. this specific paper we wanted examine whether oral administration arborescens, combination with topical application a teat sealant could exert an effect on microbial populations three cow microbiomes (rumen, milk, rectum), between peripartum. Dry-off are critical physiological phases cow's life, where both mammary gland gastrointestinal tract undergo dramatic modifications, hence relevance evaluating effects dietary treatments. Thirty multiparous were randomly allocated groups: Control (antibiotic treatment internal sealant), Sealant (only sealant) (internal homogenate orally). For 16S rRNA gene sequencing, rumen, rectum milk samples collected, not synchronously, at most timepoints around calving, considering activity each biological site. The rumen microbiome predominantly characterized by Bacteroidetes Firmicutes followed Proteobacteria, while exhibited prevalence Bacteroidetes. mainly comprised Firmicutes, Actinobacteria Alistipes spp., Ruminococcaceae UCG-10 group, Prevotellaceae UCG-001 Bacteroides involved cellulose hemicellulose degradation, enhancement energy metabolism, peptide breakdown, showed increment supplementation. group significant increase ratio alpha-diversity seven days after period. Beta-diversity separation treatments for microbiomes. supplementation seemed enrich composition, whereas greater diversity compared albeit included microorganisms frequently associated mastitis. period did demonstrate any observable impact composition finding further supported volatilome analysis. Instead, appears significantly influence following lactation.
Language: Английский
Citations
2
Published: Jan. 1, 2024
Our understanding of the complex connection between selection for parasite resistance and overall health outcomes in livestock is unclear. This study investigates impact post-weaning fecal egg count (PFEC) estimated breeding values (EBV) on immune responses Katahdin sheep. Selection PFEC, favoring Low-PFEC lambs, not only affects survivability to weaning but also suggests broader implications immunity beyond resistance. The effect PFEC EBV antibody production response vaccination against Clostridium perfringens type C&D tetanus toxoid (CD&T) revealed a stepwise decrease immunoglobin (IgG) from High-PFEC groups upon booster (2246 µg/mL, 2103 1431 µg/mL; P < 0.0001). Additionally, ewes with were found produce colostrum significantly higher IgG concentrations across lactation stages (631 ng/mL vs 222 ng/mL; difference concentration was most notable (937 vs. 319 High-PFEC; Comparisons St. Croix (STC) Suffolk (SUF) sheep reveal sheep's distinct physiological lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge, HiKAT exhibiting heightened eosinophil counts, elevated haptoglobin levels, greater hemolysis compared LoKAT provides valuable insights into outcomes, components, sheep, offering avenues improving animal welfare disease strategies small ruminants.
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Published: July 9, 2024
The metabolites secreted by probiotics or released after their lysis are called postbiotics. They provide physiological benefits to the host, preventing colonisation of pathogens improving intestinal environment for beneficial commensal bacteria, which reduces incidence digestive disorders and improve immune system. aim this work was evaluate addition postbiotics dairy cow rations during transition period on nutrient digestibility, composition, milk yield. effects two were evaluated in twelve Friesian cows from 30 days before calving months lactation. animals randomly allocated treatments control (CT) supplemented with (PC PR). Feeding ad libitum 60/40 forage/concentrate ratio. Daily feed intake production recorded individually throughout study. Two digestibility balances performed, one parturition parturition. Colostrum sampled at first milking weekly. Data analysed using a mixed mode R software. results suggest that postbiotic supplementation late gestation early lactation increase voluntary dry matter, especially PR treatment, higher apparent total tract organic matter neutral detergent fiber. Both including induced an colostral immunoglobulin concentration. Milk receiving PC treatment highest, high fat protein yields persistence curve
Language: Английский
Citations
1
International Dairy Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 158, P. 106046 - 106046
Published: July 20, 2024
Language: Английский
Citations
1
Animals, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 14(16), P. 2359 - 2359
Published: Aug. 15, 2024
The metabolites secreted by probiotics or released after their lysis are called postbiotics. They provide physiological benefits to the host, preventing colonisation of pathogens improving intestinal environment for beneficial commensal bacteria, which reduces incidence digestive disorders and improves immune system. aim this work was evaluate addition postbiotics dairy cow rations during transition period on nutrient digestibility, composition, milk yield. effects two were evaluated in twelve Friesian cows from 30 days before calving months lactation. animals randomly allocated treatment groups: control (CT) supplemented with (PC PR). Feeding ad libitum 60/40 forage/concentrate ratio dry matter basis. Daily feed intake production recorded individually throughout study. Two digestibility balances performed, one parturition parturition. Colostrum sampled at first milking weekly. Data analysed using a mixed mode R software 4.4.1. results suggest that postbiotic supplementation late gestation early lactation increase voluntary matter, especially PR treatment, higher apparent total tract organic neutral detergent fibre. Both treatments including induced an colostral immunoglobulin concentration. Milk receiving PC highest, high fat protein yields persistence curve
Language: Английский
Citations
1