Contribution of semen to early embryo development: fertilization and beyond

Human Reproduction Update, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(4), P. 395 - 433

Published: March 7, 2023

Abstract BACKGROUND It has long been thought that the factors affecting embryo and foetal development were exclusively maternally derived; hence, if issues regarding fertility to arise, blame traditionally placed solely on mother. An escalating interest in how paternal influence development, however, begun prove otherwise. Evidence suggests both seminal plasma (SP) sperm contribute multiple shape embryogenesis. This review thus focuses role semen driving early embryonic describes factors, such as SP, centriole, proteins, RNA, DNA, its integrity, together with epigenetics, may female reproductive tract post-fertilization events. The important contributions of highlight imperative need for further research this area, which is sure bring forth breakthroughs leading improvements infertility diagnosis ART well reducing risk miscarriage. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE provides a comprehensive overview human embryo, aim providing better understanding SP divisions, gene protein expression, miscarriage, congenital diseases. SEARCH METHODS PubMed searches performed using terms ‘sperm structure’, ‘capacitation’, ‘acrosome reaction’, ‘fertilization’, ‘oocyte activation’, ‘PLCζ’, ‘PAWP’, ‘sperm-borne oocyte activation factor’, deficiency’, centriole’, transport’, mitochondria’, ‘seminal plasma’, epigenetics’, histone modifications’, DNA methylation’, ‘sperm-derived transcripts’, proteins’, fragmentation’, mRNA’, miRNAs’, piRNAs’, aneuploidy’. reviewed articles restricted those published English between 1980 2022. OUTCOMES data suggest male-derived much more than just male haploid genome embryo. indicates contributes help fate These include from RNA integrity. In addition, epigenetic changes have an impact tract, fertilization, stages development. For example, recent proteomic transcriptomic studies identified several sperm-borne markers play roles fertilization WIDER IMPLICATIONS highlights are required work tandem counterparts allow correct A deeper shuttled over cell can shed light improve andrological perspective. Further aid preventing passing genetic abnormalities origin, decreasing incidence factor infertility. exact mechanisms contribution assist scientists IVF clinicians determining new causes recurrent miscarriage or failure.

Language: Английский

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The evolution of centriole degradation in mouse sperm

Nature Communications, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(1)

Published: Jan. 2, 2024

Abstract Centrioles are subcellular organelles found at the cilia base with an evolutionarily conserved structure and a shock absorber-like function. In sperm, centrioles flagellum essential for embryo development in basal animals. Yet, sperm have evolved diverse forms, sometimes acting like transmission system, as cattle, becoming dispensable, house mice. How centriole to become dispensable some organisms is unclear. Here, we test hypothesis that this transition occurred through cascade of evolutionary changes proteins, structure, function was possibly driven by competition. We final steps associated change primary centriolar inner scaffold protein FAM161A rodents. This information provides first insight into molecular mechanisms adaptive evolution underlying major within internal mammalian neck.

Language: Английский

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The Sentient Cell

Oxford University Press eBooks, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Oct. 5, 2023

Abstract This volume is the natural follow-up to Arthur Reber’s 2019 book, The First Minds: Caterpillars, ‘Karyotes, and Consciousness (TFM). In that earlier work, Cellular Basis of (CBC) theory was developed based on a number efforts published in variety journals between 1997 as well talks, colloquia, presentations at conferences. core proposition TFM life mind are co-terminous. All organisms, all species extant extinct, sentient. have an existentially secure consciousness—without which they would been evolutionary dead-ends, unable survive chaotic, dangerous environment first appeared. And, importantly, forms sentience, cognitive functioning right up including those expressed by humans, evolved from original expression consciousness birth prokaryotes. unicellular widely accepted, foundational principle biological social sciences. CBC simply applies same sentience.

Language: Английский

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How Relevant are Male Factors for Fertilization and Early Embryo Development? Looking into the (Epi)genome, Proteome and Metabolome

European Review, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown, P. 1 - 33

Published: Jan. 31, 2025

Infertility affects 10–15% of couples at the age conception. Mounting evidence supports that not only are paternal factors crucial during fertilization, but also for embryogenesis. This review aims to provide some clues about contribution male reproductive success and live birth, as such contributions can be important female. Semen is composed two fractions: sperm seminal plasma. Regarding former, integrity components (i.e., centrioles, DNA methylation, histone-to-protamine ration, specific proteins, etc.) has been proven essential events occurring upon engulfment spermatozoon into oocyte cytoplasm. The metabolic status seems shape their potential fertilizing capacity. Furthermore, plasma appears modulate female tract, suggested support embryo implantation. In spite aforementioned, it remains largely unaddressed how interact with maternal ones, whether latter may mask former. While assisted techniques (ART) useful rescue infertility, a better understanding semen development implantation increase efficiency these techniques, address further causes total fertilization failure, deficiency recurrent miscarriage.

Language: Английский

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Sperm centriole assessment identifies male factor infertility in couples with unexplained infertility – a pilot study

European Journal of Cell Biology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 101(3), P. 151243 - 151243

Published: May 27, 2022

Unexplained infertility affects about one-third of infertile couples and is defined as the failure to identify cause despite extensive evaluation male female partners. Therefore, there a need for multiparametric approach study sperm function. Recently, we developed Fluorescence-Based Ratiometric Analysis Sperm Centrioles (FRAC) assay determine centriole quality. Here, perform pilot from 10 fertile men in with unexplained infertility, using three centriolar biomarkers measured at locations two fractions, representing high low We found that FRAC can likely source infertility. Higher quality fractions individuals were reference population. All 180 studied values fell within population range. Eleven patients outliers beyond 95% confidence intervals (P = 0.0008). Three had outlier their higher fraction, while four lower fraction (3/10 4/10, P 0.060 0.025, respectively), suggesting these are due, part, defects. propose larger scale should be performed ability factor its potential contribution analysis.

Language: Английский

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Sperm centriolar factors and genetic defects that can predict pregnancy

Fertility and Sterility, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 120(4), P. 720 - 728

Published: July 22, 2023

The human sperm centrosome, comprising the two morphologically distinct centrioles and associated pericentriolar materials, plays a crucial role in fertilization early embryonic development after fertilization. Once inside oocyte, centrosome serves as microtubule-organizing center, orchestrating mitotic spindle formation, chromosome segregation, syngamy. Abnormalities of can lead to abnormal chromosomal instability, are with pregnancy loss. Recent research has shed light on molecular composition, regulation, function this vital organelle. Understanding intricacies is for elucidating mechanisms underlying successful development, well addressing infertility developmental disorders centrosomal defects.

Language: Английский

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Focus on centrin in normal and altered human spermatozoa

Systems Biology in Reproductive Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 69(3), P. 175 - 187

Published: March 9, 2023

This review provides details on the role of centrin in human spermatozoa and various forms male infertility. Centrin is a calcium (Ca2+)-binding phosphoprotein that located centrioles – which are typical structures sperm connecting piece play key centrosome dynamics during morphogenesis as well zygotes early embryos spindle assembly. In humans, three different genes encoding isoforms have been discovered. 1, only one expressed spermatozoa, seems to be lost inside oocyte after fertilization. The characterized by presence numerous proteins including centrin, deserves particular attention because, it enriched maturation centrioles. normal sperm, 1 visible two distinct spots head–tail junction; however, some defective distribution altered. has studied humans animal models. Its mutations may lead several structural alterations, such serious defects connective and, subsequently, fertilization failure or incomplete embryonic development. However, effects these abnormalities fertility not fully studied. Because function appears important for reproductive success, additional studies needed bring medical benefits resolving cases idiopathic

Language: Английский

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Advanced Praise for The Sentient Cell: The Cellular Foundations of Consciousness

Published: Oct. 5, 2023

Extract The perfect book for any scientifically curious individual seeking updates to research on my favourite subject in all the world—the intelligent living cell.Brian J. Ford President Emeritus University of Cambridge Society Application Research (UK) most comprehensive vision post-neo-Darwinian biology date. Life is not about genes and digital information codes. sentience, consciousness, mind, intelligence. building blocks sentience consciousness are cells. A landmark that heralds a welcome paradigm shift biology.Predrag B. Slijepčević Department Sciences, Brunel London In 20 years researching biological cognition unicellular organisms I have studiously avoided what call ‘C-word’, consciousness. Sentient Cell has made me thoroughly reconsider reticence. It remarkable exposes standard model early 19th-century relic it is, providing abundant empirical evidence why should be supplanted. An excellent introduction necessary conversation will unfold over coming decades which sits squarely right side history. Vive la révolution!Pamela Lyon Adelaide (Australia)

Language: Английский

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The Evolution of Centriole Degradation in Mouse Sperm

bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory), Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 11, 2023

Abstract Centrioles are subcellular organelles found at the cilia base with an evolutionarily conserved structure and a shock absorber-like function. In sperm, centrioles flagellum essential for embryo development in basal animals. Yet, sperm have evolved diverse forms, sometimes acting like transmission system, as cattle, becoming dispensable, house mice. How centriole to become dispensable some organisms is unclear. Here, we test hypothesis that this transition occurred through cascade of evolutionary changes proteins, structure, function was possibly driven by competition. We final steps associated change primary centriolar luminal protein FAM161A rodents. This information provides first insight into molecular mechanisms adaptive evolution underlying major within internal mammalian neck. Graphical abstract Highlights – Barrel-shaped present all rodents except members Muridae taxonomical family. The sequence selectively specifically murid subgroup. degradation correlated expression novel isoform. ancestral remodeling program involves elongation followed redistribution. mouse elimination.

Language: Английский

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Digging deeper into the mysteries of miscarriage: micromanaging the interaction between conceptus and endometrium

Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 40(7), P. 1507 - 1508

Published: July 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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