Aging Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Stroke Risk and Outcome

Circulation Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 130(8), P. 1112 - 1144

Published: April 14, 2022

The microbiota-gut-brain-axis (MGBA) is a bidirectional communication network between gut microbes and their host. Many environmental host-related factors affect the microbiota. Dysbiosis defined as compositional functional alterations of microbiota that contribute to pathogenesis, progression treatment responses disease. occurs when perturbations composition function exceed ability its host restore symbiotic state. leads dysfunctional signaling MGBA, which regulates development host’s immune, metabolic, nervous systems. Dysbiosis-induced dysfunction MGBA seen with aging stroke, linked common stroke risk such obesity, diabetes, atherosclerosis. Changes in are also response may impair recovery after injury. This review will begin an overview tools used study discussion on limitations potential experimental confounders. Relevant components introduced summarized for better understanding age-related changes stroke. We then focus relationship aging, highlighting all undergo can be influenced by or even driven In final section, current clinical preclinical evidence role hypertension, frailty summarized, well populations. conclude describing microbiota-based therapies including use pre-/pro-biotics supplementations bacterial metabolites. Ongoing progress this new frontier biomedical sciences lead improved MGBA’s impact human health

Language: Английский

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Bacterial exopolysaccharides as emerging bioactive macromolecules: from fundamentals to applications

Research in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 174(4), P. 104024 - 104024

Published: Dec. 30, 2022

Language: Английский

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Gut Microbiota Metabolites in Major Depressive Disorder—Deep Insights into Their Pathophysiological Role and Potential Translational Applications

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(1), P. 50 - 50

Published: Jan. 8, 2022

The gut microbiota is a complex and dynamic ecosystem essential for the proper functioning of organism, affecting health disease status individuals. There continuous bidirectional communication between host, conforming to unique entity known as “holobiont”. Among these crosstalk mechanisms, synthesizes broad spectrum bioactive compounds or metabolites which exert pleiotropic effects on human organism. Many microbial can cross blood–brain barrier (BBB) have significant brain, playing key role in so-called microbiota-gut-brain axis. An altered (MGB) axis major characteristic many neuropsychiatric disorders, including depressive disorder (MDD). Significative differences eubiosis dysbiosis mental disorders like MDD with their different metabolite composition concentrations are being discussed. In present review, main (short-chain fatty acids -SCFAs-, bile acids, amino tryptophan -trp- derivatives, more), signaling pathways functions will be summarized explain part pathophysiology. Conclusions from promising translational approaches related metabolome addressed more depth discuss possible clinical value management patients.

Language: Английский

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Fish disease and intestinal microbiota: A close and indivisible relationship

Reviews in Aquaculture, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 15(2), P. 820 - 839

Published: Nov. 8, 2022

Abstract The gut microbiota is currently one of the most studied ‘organs’ in animals, and fish are no exception. A complex diversity microbes, including bacteria, archaea, yeast fungus, constitute microbiota, creating a interaction with their host accomplishing multiple beneficial functions, such as food digestion, nutrient absorption, immune system, endocrine stress response. microbiota–pathogen protects by mounting colonization resistance, competing for nutrients space. Changes balance community could affect structure homeostasis, inducing dysbiosis. In addition, invading pathogens can induce dysbiosis evading host's defence barriers, acquiring from host, using metabolites produced producing toxins. this regard, understanding interactions within essential to prevent pathogen establishment host. Hence, review describes close indivisible relationships between that lead disease.

Language: Английский

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Quorum Sensing of Bifidobacteria: Research and Progress

Microbiological Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 294, P. 128102 - 128102

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Language: Английский

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The role of probiotics on animal health and nutrition

The Journal of Basic and Applied Zoology, Journal Year: 2021, Volume and Issue: 82(1)

Published: Oct. 29, 2021

Abstract Background The constant global need for food has created a demand colossal production. Every day the world requires more than it is capable of growing and harvesting. Antibiotics have been used in healthy products to promote growth prevent disease food-producing animals long time. This prolonged use antibiotics leads development resistant bacteria accumulation antibiotic residue livestock fish. To avoid further causalities finding an effective alternative became dire need. At present, most suitable probiotics. Main body Probiotics are live microorganisms that provide health benefits when consumed or applied with optimum amount. mainly good yeast which fight off pathogenic bacteria, improve immune system, restore gut microbial balance. can eliminate harmful pathogens following several molecular mechanisms modulate response host animal well-being animals. review article aims describe probiotics as potential promoter major sectors (poultry, ruminant, aquaculture), how ensure safety without effects on animals, find out some points where research required positive outcome. Conclusion conclusion this highlights knowledge gaps they be minimized using modern technologies establish probiotic supplements antibiotics.

Language: Английский

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Review on Preventive Measures to Reduce Post-Weaning Diarrhoea in Piglets

Animals, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(19), P. 2585 - 2585

Published: Sept. 27, 2022

In many countries, medical levels of zinc (typically as oxide) are added to piglet diets in the first two weeks post-weaning prevent development diarrhoea (PWD). However, high constitute an environmental polluting agent, and may contribute and/or maintenance antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among bacteria. Consequently, EU banned administering pig June 2022. this result increased use antibiotic therapeutics combat PWD thereby risk further AMR development. The search for alternative measures against with a minimum antibiotics absence has therefore been intensified over recent years, feed-related measures, including feed ingredients, additives, feeding strategies, being intensively investigated. Furthermore, management strategies have developed undoubtedly relevant; however, these will not be addressed review. Here, (and vaccines) addressed, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, postbiotics, proteobiotics, plants plant extracts (in particular essential oils tannins), macroalgae (particularly macroalgae-derived polysaccharides), dietary fibre, peptides, specific amino acids, fatty milk replacers, components, creep feed, vaccines, bacteriophages, single-domain antibodies (nanobodies). list covers rather long history others that require significant before their eventual can extended. To assess potential combating PWD, literature reviewed here focused on studies reporting parameters (i.e., faeces score dry matter content during post-weaning). Although impact (or related parameters) investigated often inconsistent, do report positive effects. several shown control pigs suffer from diarrhoea, making it difficult evaluate biological practical relevance improvements. From literature, is possible rank efficacy various most probably depends range factors animal genetics health status, additive doses used, composition etc. We conclude combination recommendable situations. respect, should considered combining lead (e.g., synbiotics), synergistic materials), or antagonistic algae compounds) effects, requiring detailed knowledge modes action order design effective strategies.

Language: Английский

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Replacement of refined sugar by natural sweeteners: focus on potential health benefits

Heliyon, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 8(9), P. e10711 - e10711

Published: Sept. 1, 2022

Refined sugar is a processed product containing 99% sucrose, which obtained from sugarcane (70%) or beet (30%). In modern societies, continues to play significant role in the diet, recognised not only for its flavour and special sweetening properties but also food preservation. On other hand, high consumption of refined associated with non-communicable diseases many health issues such as risk dental caries, overweight neurodevelopmental disorders children. Alternatives like unrefined sugars have generated lot interest healthy substitute due their nutraceutical properties. This paper aimed review beneficial effects derived natural sources highlight problems that could be caused by sugar. frequently used variety items including foods, soft drinks ice creams although it considered unhealthy salt content well added fats artificial coloring. Natural are preferred because they nutritional value concentration compounds, offset negative Therefore, removing at least reducing should promoted healthier option choices.

Language: Английский

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Structure and Signal Regulation Mechanism of Interspecies and Interkingdom Quorum Sensing System Receptors

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 70(2), P. 429 - 445

Published: Jan. 6, 2022

Quorum sensing (QS) is a signaling mechanism for cell-to-cell communication between bacteria, fungi, and even eukaryotic hosts such as plant animal cells. Bacteria in real life do not exist isolated organisms but are found complex, dynamic, microecological environments. The study of interspecies QS interkingdom valuable approach exploring bacteria–bacteria interactions bacteria–host interaction mechanisms has received considerable attention from researchers. correct combination signals receptors key to initiating the process. Compared with intraspecies QS, signal regulation often more complicated, distribution relatively wide. present review focuses on latest progress respect distribution, structure, transduction provides guide investigation new future.

Language: Английский

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An updated overview on the relationship between human gut microbiome dysbiosis and psychiatric and psychological disorders

Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 128, P. 110861 - 110861

Published: Sept. 9, 2023

There is a lot of evidence establishing that nervous system development related to the composition and functions gut microbiome. In addition, central (CNS) controls imbalance intestinal microbiota, constituting bidirectional communication system. At present, various gut-brain crosstalk routes have been described, including immune, endocrine neural circuits via vagal pathway. Several empirical data associated microbiota alterations (dysbiosis) with neuropsychiatric diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, autism Parkinson's other psychological disorders, like anxiety depression. Fecal transplantation (FMT) therapy has shown can transfer behavioral features recipient animals, which provides strong establish causal-effect relationship. Interventions, based on prebiotics, probiotics or synbiotics, demonstrated an important influence neurological disorders by synthesis neuroactive compounds interact regulation inflammatory processes. Further research needed demonstrate dysbiosis psychiatric how microbiota-based interventions may be used potential therapeutic tools.

Language: Английский

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