Cardiometabolic health, diet and the gut microbiome: a meta-omics perspective

Nature Medicine, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 29(3), P. 551 - 561

Published: March 1, 2023

Language: Английский

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The Role of Ferritin in Health and Disease: Recent Advances and Understandings

Metabolites, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 12(7), P. 609 - 609

Published: June 30, 2022

Systemic iron homeostasis needs to be tightly controlled, as both deficiency and excess cause major global health concerns, such anemia, hemochromatosis, etc. In mammals, sufficient dietary acquisition is critical for fulfilling the systemic requirement. New questions are emerging about whether how cellular transport pathways integrate with storage mechanism. Ferritin intracellular protein that stores surplus after all fulfilled releases it in face of an acute demand. Currently, there a surge interest ferritin research discovery novel like ferritinophagy ferroptosis. This review emphasizes most recent ferritin-related discoveries their impact on regulation.

Language: Английский

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Role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis and treatment of diabetes mullites: Advanced research-based review

Frontiers in Microbiology, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 13

Published: Oct. 19, 2022

Gut microbiota plays an important role in the proper functioning of human organisms, while its dysbiosis is associated with disease various body organs. Diabetes mellitus (DM) a set heterogeneous metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia caused direct or indirect insulin deficiency. There growing evidence that gut closely linked to development DM. composition changes type 1 diabetes mullites (T1DM) and 2 (T2DM) patients, which may cause leakiness uncontrolled entry antigens into circulation system, triggering immune response damages isle β cells disorders. This review summarizes healthy individuals compares it patients. The possible pathogenesis causes DM, particularly metabolites also discussed. It presents process microbial-based therapies

Language: Английский

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Dietary Influences on Gut Microbiota and Their Role in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD)

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 17(1), P. 143 - 143

Published: Dec. 31, 2024

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is a major contributor to liver-related morbidity, cardiovascular disease, and metabolic complications. Lifestyle interventions, including diet exercise, are first line in treating MASLD. Dietary approaches such as the low-glycemic-index Mediterranean diet, ketogenic intermittent fasting, high fiber diets have demonstrated potential addressing dysfunction underlying this condition. The development progression of MASLD closely associated with taxonomic shifts gut microbial communities, relationship well-documented literature. Given importance primary treatment for MASLD, it important understand how microbiota their byproducts mediate favorable outcomes induced by healthy dietary patterns. Conversely, changes conferred unhealthy patterns Western may induce dysbiosis influence through promoting hepatic inflammation, up-regulating lipogenesis, dysregulating bile acid metabolism, increasing insulin resistance, causing oxidative damage hepatocytes. Although emerging evidence has identified links between microbiota, significant gaps remain understanding specific roles, metabolite pathways, host interactions, causal relationships. Therefore, review aims provide mechanistic insights into role microbiota-mediated processes analysis both contribution pathophysiology. By better elucidating interplay nutrients, processes, onset work identify new opportunities targeted interventions treat efficiently.

Language: Английский

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Distinct compositions and functions of circulating microbial DNA in the peripheral blood compared to fecal microbial DNA in healthy individuals

mSystems, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 9(3)

Published: March 1, 2024

ABSTRACT The crucial function of circulating microbial DNA (cmDNA) in peripheral blood is gaining recognition because its importance normal physiology and immunity healthy individuals. Evidence suggests that cmDNA derived from highly abundant, translocating gut microbes. However, the associations with differences between microbiome remain unclear. We collected blood, urine, fecal samples volunteers to compare their information via 16S rDNA sequencing. results revealed that, compared DNA, was associated reduced diversity a distinct microbiota composition. reflects biochemical processes microorganisms, including synthesis, energy conversion, degradation, adaptability, surpassing samples. Interestingly, showed limited presence anaerobes gram-positive bacteria, which contrast trend observed Furthermore, analysis traits mobile elements potential pathologies, among others, were minimal stool Notably, indicated similarities functions phenotypes urine samples, although greater Source Tracker microbes might not be main source cmDNA, or selective mechanism allows only certain into bloodstream. In conclusion, our study highlights composition emphasizing presence; however, further research required elucidate mechanisms involved. IMPORTANCE Our provides novel insights unique characteristics functional implications blood. Unlike other studies analyzed sequencing data different cohorts, comparative same group blood-specific discovered decreased as well an increased we add existing knowledge by documenting abundance bacteria according respectively. This observation suggested barrier screening filter molecules, indicating selectivity translocation process contrasts traditional view primarily originates random regions. By highlighting these differences, findings prompt reconsideration origin role circulation suggest involving more complex biological may

Language: Английский

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Atherosclerosis, gut microbiome, and exercise in a meta-omics perspective: a literature review

PeerJ, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12, P. e17185 - e17185

Published: April 4, 2024

Background Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, significantly impacting public health. Atherosclerotic cardiovascular account for majority these deaths, with atherosclerosis marking initial and most critical phase their pathophysiological progression. There is a complex relationship between atherosclerosis, gut microbiome’s composition function, potential mediating role exercise. The adaptability microbiome feasibility exercise interventions present novel opportunities therapeutic preventative approaches. Methodology We conducted comprehensive literature review using professional databases such as PubMed Web Science. This focuses on application meta-omics techniques, particularly metagenomics metabolomics, in studying effects atherosclerosis. Results Meta-omics technologies offer unparalleled capabilities to explore intricate connections exercise, microbiome, metabolome, cardiometabolic highlights advancements applications research, examines how influences microbiome. delve into mechanisms connecting elements from metabolic perspective. Metagenomics provides insight changes microbial strains post-exercise, while metabolomics sheds light shifts metabolites. Together, approaches understanding impacts through specific mechanisms. Conclusions Exercise serving intermediary. technology holds substantial promise investigating microbiome; however, its methodologies require further refinement. Additionally, there pressing need more extensive cohort studies enhance our comprehension connection among element.

Language: Английский

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Healthy microbiome – a mere idea or a sound concept?

Physiological Research, Journal Year: 2022, Volume and Issue: 71(6), P. 719 - 738

Published: Nov. 25, 2022

Hundreds of studies in last decades have aimed to compare the microbiome patients suffering from diverse diseases with that healthy controls. The microbiome-related component was additionally identified pathophysiology many formerly considered depend only on host physiology. This, however, opens important questions like: “What is microbiome?” or “Is it possible define unequivocally?”. In this review, we describe main hindrances complicating definition “healthy microbiome” terms microbiota composition. We discuss human perspective classical ecology and advocate for shift stress composition functions ensures host. Finally, propose leave concept ideal replace by focus advantageous host, which always depends specific context like age, genetics, dietary habits, body site physiological state.

Language: Английский

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The effect of the ketogenic diet on Acne: Could it be a therapeutic tool?

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 64(19), P. 6850 - 6869

Published: Feb. 13, 2023

Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit resulting from androgen-induced increased sebum production, altered keratinization, inflammation, and bacterial colonization hair follicles face, neck, chest back by Propionibacterium acnes. Overall, inflammation immune responses are strongly implicated in pathogenesis acne. Although early with acnes family history may play an important role disease, it remains unclear exactly what triggers acne how treatment affects progression. The influence diet on growing research topic, yet few studies have examined effects development clinical severity results often been contradictory. Interestingly, very low-calorie ketogenic (VLCKD) has associated both significant reductions body weight status through production ketone bodies thus expected to reduce exacerbation manifestations or even block trigger disease. Given paucity regarding implementation VLCKD management acne, this review aims provide evidence available scientific literature support speculative use

Language: Английский

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Critical Care Nutrition from a Metabolic Point of View: A Narrative Review

Nutrients, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 17(8), P. 1352 - 1352

Published: April 15, 2025

Background: Critical illness induces profound metabolic alterations, characterized by a hypermetabolic state, insulin resistance, protein catabolism, and gut barrier dysfunction, which contribute to increased morbidity mortality. Emerging evidence highlights the role of microbiome its metabolites in modulating systemic inflammation immune responses during critical illness. This narrative review explores evolution critically ill patients, impact dysbiosis on disease progression, potential nutrition metabolism improving patient outcomes. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed Google Scholar for articles published up February 2025. Search terms included “critical illness”, “metabolism”, “gut microbiota”, “nutrition”, related keywords. Articles English addressing changes, nutritional strategies patients were included. After screening eligibility, relevant synthesized outline current knowledge identify gaps. Results: Metabolic changes progress through distinct phases, from catabolism-driven hypermetabolism gradual recovery. Gut dysbiosis, loss microbial diversity permeability, contributes organ dysfunction. Nutritional strategies, including enteral nutrition, probiotics, prebiotics, metabolomics-driven interventions, may help restore balance, preserve integrity, modulate responses. Future therapy should focus modulation rather than solely nutrient deficits. Conclusions: Advances research metabolomics offer new avenues personalized tailored demands patients. Integrating these approaches improve clinical functional recovery while mitigating long-term consequences

Language: Английский

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Insights into the blood, gut, and oral microbiomes in Chinese patients with myocardial infarction: a case-control study

BMC Microbiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: April 19, 2025

Emerging evidence suggests that changes in the blood microbes might be associated with cardiovascular disease, especially myocardial infarction (MI). However, some researchers are questioning whether a true "blood microbiome" actually exists. They hypothesized these may translocate into bloodstream from gut or oral cavities. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed microbial composition, diversity, and potential role disease progression by comparing blood, gut, microbiota profiles cohort of MI patients healthy controls. In study, 144 samples, including fecal, saliva, were collected twenty-four These samples using 16 S rRNA sequencing to characterize across three distinct compartments. Differential analyses conducted find key differential for MI. Spearman's rank correlation analysis was used study association between clinical indicators. Our findings revealed striking shifts compartments compared observed significant enrichment phyla Armatimonadota Caldatribacteriota, alongside genera Bacillus, Pedobacter, Odoribacter. The showed notable increase Proteobacteria, Verrucomicrobiota, Cyanobacteria, Synergistota, Crenarchaeota, as well Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group, Rothia, Akkermansia, Lachnospiraceae_ NK4A136_ group, Eubacterium_ruminantium_group. Meanwhile, uniquely enriched phylum Elusimicrobiota Streptococcus, Granulicatella. signatures highlight compartment-specific alterations play pathophysiology Additionally, LEfSe identified 64 taxa differed Of these, eight unique eighteen thirty-eight microbiota, all which demonstrated associations markers Functional pathways predicted via KEGG annotation, but no statistically differences found controls any microbiome This demonstrates patients, identifying specific bacterial strongly infarction. patterns detected provide compelling existence stable core microbiome, highlighting its importance contributor health progression.

Language: Английский

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