Emerging role of the host microbiome in neuropsychiatric disorders: overview and future directions

Molecular Psychiatry, Journal Year: 2023, Volume and Issue: 28(9), P. 3625 - 3637

Published: Sept. 1, 2023

Abstract The human body harbors a diverse ecosystem of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, and fungi, collectively known as the microbiota. Current research is increasingly focusing on potential association between microbiota various neuropsychiatric disorders. resides in parts body, such oral cavity, nasal passages, lungs, gut, skin, bladder, vagina. gut gastrointestinal tract has received particular attention due to its high abundance role psychiatric neurodegenerative However, presents other tissues, though less abundant, also plays crucial immune system homeostasis, thus influencing development progression For example, imbalance associated periodontitis might increase risk for Additionally, studies using postmortem brain samples have detected widespread presence bacteria brains patients with Alzheimer’s disease. This article provides an overview emerging host disorders discusses future directions, underlying biological mechanisms, reliable biomarkers microbiota, microbiota-targeted interventions, this field.

Language: Английский

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Research progress on Helicobacter pylori infection related neurological diseases

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 99, P. 102399 - 102399

Published: June 30, 2024

Language: Английский

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Oral Microbiome Stamp in Alzheimer’s Disease

Pathogens, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 13(3), P. 195 - 195

Published: Feb. 23, 2024

Recent studies have suggested that periodontal disease and alterations in the oral microbiome may be associated with cognitive decline Alzheimer’s (AD) development. Here, we report a case-control study of microbiota diversity AD patients compared to healthy seniors from Central Asia. We characterized bacterial taxonomic composition (n = 64) group 71) using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. According our results, has higher microbial diversity, an increase Firmicutes decrease Bacteroidetes group. LEfSe analysis showed specific differences at genus level both groups. A region-based compartment was also performed, were identified, along absence richness on functional side. Noteworthy findings demonstrated periodontitis-associated bacteria Distinct revealed distribution metabolic pathways between two Our confirms is altered AD. However, comprehensive picture complete requires further investigation.

Language: Английский

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Can the Evidence-Based Use of Probiotics (Notably Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG) Mitigate the Clinical Effects of Antibiotic-Associated Dysbiosis?

Advances in Therapy, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 41(3), P. 901 - 914

Published: Jan. 30, 2024

Dysbiosis corresponds to the disruption of a formerly stable, functionally complete microbiota. In gut, this imbalance can lead adverse health outcomes in both short and long terms, with potential increase lifetime risks various noncommunicable diseases disorders such as atopy (like asthma), inflammatory bowel disease, neurological disorders, even behavioural psychological disorders. Although antibiotics are highly effective reducing morbidity mortality infectious diseases, antibiotic-associated diarrhoea is common, non-negligible clinical sign gut dysbiosis (and only visible one). Re-establishment normal (functional) microbiota promoted by completion clinically indicated course antibiotics, removal any other perturbing external factors, passage time (i.e. recovery through microbiota's natural resilience), appropriate nutritional support, and-in selected cases-the addition probiotics. Systematic reviews meta-analyses trials have confirmed strain-specific efficacy some probiotics (notably yeast Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 bacterium Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG) treatment and/or prevention children adults. Unusually for probiotic, S. eukaryote not therefore directly affected antibiotics-making it suitable administration cases diarrhoea. A robust body evidence from shows that timely an adequately dosed probiotic (upon initiation antibiotic or within 48 h) help prevent resolve consequences (such diarrhoea) promote resilience return pre-antibiotic state. focus on prescription evidence-based, should limit unjustified potentially ineffective self-medication.

Language: Английский

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Oral Microbiome Dysbiosis as a Risk Factor for Stroke: A Comprehensive Review

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 12(8), P. 1732 - 1732

Published: Aug. 22, 2024

Stroke represents a significant global health burden, with substantial impact on mortality, morbidity, and long-term disability. The examination of stroke biomarkers, particularly the oral microbiome, offers promising avenue for advancing our understanding factors that contribute to risk developing strategies mitigate risk. This review highlights correlations between diseases, such as periodontitis caries, onset stroke. Periodontal pathogens within microbiome have been identified contributing factor in exacerbation stroke, including obesity, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, hypertension, endothelial dysfunction. alteration may these conditions, emphasizing vital role prevention cardiovascular disease. integration dental medical practices enhancing efforts improving patient outcomes.

Language: Английский

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The Association of the Oral Microbiota with Cognitive Functioning in Adolescence

Genes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15(10), P. 1263 - 1263

Published: Sept. 27, 2024

: A growing body of research supports the role microbial communities residing in digestive system host's cognitive functioning. Most these studies have been focused on gut microbiome and its association with clinical phenotypes middle-aged older adults. There is an insufficiency population-based exploring normative functioning particularly oral microbiota.

Language: Английский

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Iron Homeostasis Dysregulation, Oro-Gastrointestinal Microbial Inflammatory Factors, and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Narrative Review

Microorganisms, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 13(1), P. 122 - 122

Published: Jan. 9, 2025

Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common form of dementia, is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that profoundly impacts cognitive function and nervous system. Emerging evidence highlights pivotal roles iron homeostasis dysregulation microbial inflammatory factors in oral gut microbiome as potential contributors to pathogenesis AD. Iron disruption can result excessive intracellular accumulation, promoting generation reactive oxygen species (ROS) oxidative damage. Additionally, agents produced by pathogenic bacteria may enter body via two primary pathways: directly through or indirectly cavity, entering bloodstream reaching brain. This infiltration disrupts cellular homeostasis, induces neuroinflammation, exacerbates AD-related pathology. Addressing these mechanisms personalized treatment strategies target underlying causes AD could play critical role preventing its onset progression.

Language: Английский

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BGMDB: A curated database linking gut microbiota dysbiosis to brain disorders

Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 27, P. 879 - 886

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Oral Microbiome Changes During Hospitalization in Older Adults Not Receiving Mechanical Ventilation

American Journal of Critical Care, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 34(3), P. 208 - 217

Published: May 1, 2025

Oral bacteria can be pathogenic and may change during hospitalization, potentially increasing risk for complications older adults, including residents of skilled nursing facilities (SNFs). To compare the oral microbiome at hospital admission by prehospital residence (SNF vs home) in adults not receiving mechanical ventilation to assess changes their hospitalization. This prospective, observational study included 46 hospitalized (≥65 years old) ventilation, enrolled within 72 hours hospitalization (15 admitted from SNF, 31 home). health was assessed with Health Assessment Tool baseline days 3, 5, 7. Genomic DNA extracted unstimulated saliva specimens profiling using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing. Taxonomic composition, relative abundance, α-diversity (Shannon Index), β-diversity (Bray-Curtis dissimilarity) bacterial communities were determined. Most patients female (70%) White (74%) or Hispanic (11%). Mean age 78.7 years. More SNFs than home had cognitive impairment (P < .001), delirium = .01), frailty comorbidities .04). Patients more associated disease, lower higher .01). In 28 completers, altered over time .001). A significant interaction found between groups after adjusting covariates Hospitalized experience microbial disparities.

Language: Английский

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Association Between Oral Dysbiosis and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Systematic Review

Journal of Clinical Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 14(10), P. 3415 - 3415

Published: May 13, 2025

Objective: The main objective of this systematic review is to select and critically synthesize the available evidence from studies that aimed verify whether there a relationship between dysbiosis oral cavity development Alzheimer’s disease. Methodology: A search was conducted on 30 November 2024 updated 9 January 2025, in PubMed, SciELO Scopus, Web Science databases, limiting last 5 years. carried out under criteria PRISMA 2020 guide for reviews has been accepted into PROSPERO registry (CRD42025636275). We analyzed risk bias using JBI guidelines. Results: Initially, 2009 articles were obtained. After eliminating duplicates, we obtained 1716; these, following inclusion exclusion criteria, 185 reviewed by title abstract, discarding 171. Of remaining 14 articles, 12 final selected. In results obtained, it observed inflammation derived caused periodontal disease its extension neuronal tissue via hematogenous blood–brain barrier (BBB) nerve (V pair). Among most frequently found microbiota are Veillonella, Fusobacteria, Prevotella, Porphyromonas, Lactobacillus, Streptococcus. Conclusions: Oral gives rise establishment inflammatory processes lead neurological degeneration, either through passage across or direct connection free endings periodontium proprioceptors central nervous system. Therefore, chronic role systemic could be associated with onset progression (AD); however, more needed show association

Language: Английский

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