The role of the intestinal microbiome in cognitive decline in patients with kidney disease DOI Creative Commons
Carsten A. Wagner, Isabelle Frey‐Wagner, Alberto Ortíz

et al.

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 40(Supplement_2), P. ii4 - ii17

Published: March 1, 2025

ABSTRACT Cognitive decline is frequently seen in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The causes of cognitive these are likely to be multifactorial, including vascular disease, uraemic toxins, blood–brain barrier leakage, and metabolic endocrine changes. Gut dysbiosis common CKD contributes the increase toxins. However, gut microbiome modulates local systemic levels several metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids or derivatives tryptophan metabolism, neurotransmitters, endocannabinoid-like mediators, bile acids, hormones glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP1) cholecystokinin (CCK). These factors can affect function, immunity, autonomic nervous system activity various aspects brain function. Key areas include integrity, nerve myelination survival/proliferation, appetite, metabolism thermoregulation, mood, anxiety depression, stress inflammation. Alterations composition microbiota production biologically active well documented favoured by low-fiber diets, elevated urea levels, sedentary lifestyles, slow stool transit times polypharmacy. In turn, modulate function processes, discussed this review. Thus, may contribute alterations cognition a target for therapeutic interventions using diet, prebiotics probiotics.

Language: Английский

The microbiota–gut–brain axis in Huntington's disease: pathogenic mechanisms and therapeutic targets DOI Creative Commons
Millicent N. Ekwudo, Carolina Gubert, Anthony J. Hannan

et al.

FEBS Journal, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: March 1, 2024

Huntington's disease (HD) is a currently incurable neurogenerative disorder and typically characterized by progressive movement (including chorea), cognitive deficits (culminating in dementia), psychiatric abnormalities (the most common of which depression), peripheral symptoms gastrointestinal dysfunction). There are no approved disease‐modifying therapies available for HD, with death usually occurring approximately 10–25 years after onset, but some hold promising potential. HD subjects often burdened chronic diarrhea, constipation, esophageal gastric inflammation, susceptibility to diabetes. Our understanding the microbiota–gut–brain axis its infancy growing evidence from preclinical clinical studies suggests role gut microbial population imbalance (gut dysbiosis) pathophysiology. The brain can communicate through enteric nervous system, immune vagus nerve, microbiota‐derived‐metabolites including short‐chain fatty acids, bile branched‐chain amino acids. This review summarizes supporting demonstrating alterations bacterial fungal composition that may be associated HD. We focus on mechanisms dysbiosis compromise health, thus triggering neuroinflammatory responses, further highlight outcomes attempts modulate microbiota as therapeutic strategies Ultimately, we discuss dearth data need more longitudinal translational this nascent field. suggest future directions improve our association between microbes pathogenesis other ‘brain body disorders’.

Language: Английский

Citations

18
Vaginal microbiota are associated with in vitro fertilization during female infertility DOI Creative Commons
Tao Wang, Penghao Li, Bai Xue

et al.

iMeta, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(3)

Published: March 19, 2024

Abstract The vaginal microbiome plays an essential role in the reproductive health of human females. As infertility increases worldwide, understanding roles that may have and vitro fertilization (IVF) treatment outcomes is critical. To determine composition 1411 individuals (1255 undergoing embryo transplantation) their associations with outcomes, clinical biochemical features are measured, samples 16S rRNA sequenced. Our results suggest both too high low abundance Lactobacillus not beneficial for pregnancy; a moderate more beneficial. A crispatus iners (~80%) (with pregnancy rate I‐B: 54.35% III‐B: 57.73%) found compared higher (>90%) (I‐A: 44.81% III‐A: 51.06%, respectively). community state type (CST) IV‐B (contains to relative Gardnerella vaginalis ) shows similar pregnant ratio (48.09%) I‐A III‐A, women this CST species. Metagenome analysis 71 nonpregnant detected antibiotic‐resistance genes, Proteobacteria Firmicutes main hosts. inherent differences within between different groups microbes might be used detect potentially improve IVF outcomes.

Language: Английский

Citations

14
Depression-like phenotypes in mice following common bile duct ligation: Insights into the gut–liver–brain axis via the vagus nerve DOI Creative Commons
Yong Yang, Akifumi Eguchi, Chisato Mori

et al.

Neurobiology of Disease, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 192, P. 106433 - 106433

Published: Feb. 7, 2024

Depression frequently occurs in patients with liver cirrhosis, yet the reasons for this correlation are not fully understood. Dysbiosis of gut microbiota has been implicated depression through gut–brain axis via vagus nerve. This study explored potential role gut–liver–brain nerve depression-like phenotypes mice cirrhosis. These underwent common bile duct ligation (CBDL), a method used to stimulate To assess behaviors, behavioral tests were conducted 10 days following either sham or CBDL surgeries. The displayed symptoms such as splenomegaly, elevated plasma levels interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α, decreased synaptic proteins prefrontal cortex (PFC), disrupted balance, changes blood metabolites (or lipids). Additionally, there positive negative correlations between relative abundance microbiome data Significantly, these reversed by performing subdiaphragmatic vagotomy. Intriguingly, improved after single injection arketamine, new antidepressant. results suggest that CBDL-induced mediated nerve, arketamine might offer treatment approach cirrhosis patients.

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Ketamine and its two enantiomers in anesthesiology and psychiatry: A historical review and future directions DOI Creative Commons
Kenji Hashimoto, Mingming Zhao, Tingting Zhu

et al.

Journal of Anesthesia and Translational Medicine, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 3(3), P. 65 - 75

Published: July 11, 2024

Ketamine, a dissociative anesthetic, is widely utilized in both human and veterinary anesthesia. Its (S)-enantiomer, esketamine, similarly employed for anesthesia analgesia. The anesthetic effects of ketamine esketamine arise from their antagonism the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR). In field psychiatry, rapid-acting antidepressant properties severe depression have generated significant interest, resulting its increased off-label usage United States (U.S.). 2019, nasal spray received approval use U.S. Europe. However, concerns emerged regarding potential adverse effects, including long-term efficacy, addiction risks, suicide risk clinical settings. contrast, arketamine, (R)-enantiomer ketamine, exhibits superior longer-lasting rodent models depression, with fewer side compared to esketamine. Nevertheless, research on efficacy safety arketamine patients remains limited. This article provides concise exploration historical two enantiomers while also delving into future directions application these fields.

Language: Английский

Citations

11
Exploring the interplay between posttraumatic stress disorder, gut microbiota, and inflammatory biomarkers: a comprehensive meta-analysis DOI Creative Commons
Pavlo Petakh, Valentyn Oksenych, Iryna Kamyshna

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: Feb. 12, 2024

Introduction Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is the most common mental health to develop following exposure trauma. Studies have reported conflicting results regarding changes in immune biomarkers and alterations abundance of bacterial taxa microbial diversity patients with PTSD. Aim The purpose this meta-analysis summarize existing studies examining gut microbiota characteristics Methods Relevant were systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Embase, published English between January 1, 1960, December 2023. outcomes included (gut part) (immune part). Results a total 15 studies, 9 focusing on inflammatory 6 composition No differences observed groups for all (P≥0.05). Two six found that people PTSD had less alpha diversity. However, overall Standardized Mean Difference (SMD) Shannon Diversity Index was not significant (SMD 0.27, 95% CI -0.62–0.609, p = 0.110). Regarding abundance, two decrease Lachnospiraceae bacteria observed. Conclusion This provides comprehensive overview PTSD, suggesting potential associations dysregulation. Future research should address study limitations, explore causal relationships, consider additional factors influencing function individuals Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk , identifier CRD42023476590.

Language: Английский

Citations

10
The vagus nerve: An old but new player in brain–body communication DOI Creative Commons
Li Ma,

Hanbing Wang,

Kenji Hashimoto

et al.

Brain Behavior and Immunity, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Nov. 1, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

9
Deciphering the intricate linkage between the gut microbiota and Alzheimer's disease: Elucidating mechanistic pathways promising therapeutic strategies DOI Creative Commons
Junyi Liang,

Yueyang Wang,

Bin Liu

et al.

CNS Neuroscience & Therapeutics, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 30(4)

Published: April 1, 2024

Abstract Background The gut microbiome is composed of various microorganisms such as bacteria, fungi, and protozoa, constitutes an important part the human gut. Its composition closely related to health disease. Alzheimer's disease (AD) a neurodegenerative whose underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. Recent research shown that there are significant differences in microbiota between AD patients healthy individuals. Changes may lead development harmful factors associated with AD. In addition, play role progression through gut–brain axis. However, exact nature this relationship understood. Aims This review will elucidate types functions their explore depth potential mechanisms occurrence prospects for treatment strategies. Methods Reviewed literature from PubMed Web Science using key terminologies microbiome. Results Research indicates can directly or indirectly influence metabolites, endotoxins, vagus nerve. Discussion discusses future challenges directions regarding Conclusion While many unresolved issues remain AD, feasibility immense treating by modulating evident.

Language: Английский

Citations

8
The microbiota-gut-brain-immune interface in the pathogenesis of neuroinflammatory diseases: a narrative review of the emerging literature DOI Creative Commons
Alison Warren, Yvonne Nyavor,

Nikkia Zarabian

et al.

Frontiers in Immunology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: May 16, 2024

Importance Research is beginning to elucidate the sophisticated mechanisms underlying microbiota-gut-brain-immune interface, moving from primarily animal models human studies. Findings support dynamic relationships between gut microbiota as an ecosystem (microbiome) within (host) and its intersection with host immune nervous systems. Adding this effects on epigenetic regulation of gene expression further complicates strengthens response. At heart inflammation, which manifests in a variety pathologies including neurodegenerative diseases such Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s Multiple Sclerosis (MS). Observations Generally, research date limited has focused bacteria, likely due simplicity cost-effectiveness 16s rRNA sequencing, despite lower resolution inability determine functional ability/alterations. However, omits all other fungi, viruses, phages, are emerging key members microbiome. Much been done pre-clinical and/or small studies more developed parts world. The observed promising but cannot be considered reliable or generalizable at time. Specifically, causal determined currently. More followed by then little MS. data for MS encouraging this. Conclusions relevance While still nascent, interface may missing link, hampered our progress understanding, let alone preventing, managing, putting into remission diseases. Relationships must first established humans, have shown poorly translate complex physiology environments, especially when investigating microbiome where often overly simplistic. Only can robust conducted humans using mechanistic model

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Research progress on Helicobacter pylori infection related neurological diseases DOI
Fan Wang,

Zhendong Yao,

Tao Jin

et al.

Ageing Research Reviews, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 99, P. 102399 - 102399

Published: June 30, 2024

Language: Английский

Citations

8
Microbiota–gut–brain axis: interplay between microbiota, barrier function and lymphatic system DOI Creative Commons

Miaomiao Zhuang,

Xun Zhang, Jun Cai

et al.

Gut Microbes, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 16(1)

Published: Aug. 25, 2024

The human gastrointestinal tract, boasting the most diverse microbial community, harbors approximately 100 trillion microorganisms comprising viruses, bacteria, fungi, and archaea. profound genetic metabolic capabilities of gut microbiome underlie its involvement in nearly every facet biology, from health maintenance development to aging disease. Recent recognition microbiota – brain axis, referring bidirectional communication network between microbes their host, has led a surge interdisciplinary research. This review begins with an overview current understandings regarding influence on intestinal blood-brain barrier integrity. Subsequently, we discuss mechanisms examining role microbiota-related neural transmission, metabolites, hormones immunity. We propose concept microbiota-mediated multi-barrier modulation potential treatment neurological disorders. Furthermore, lymphatic function is discussed, providing insights into lesser-known conduits ecosystem within brain. In final section, conclude by describing ongoing frontiers understanding axis's impact

Language: Английский

Citations

8