The emerging role of oxidative stress in inflammatory bowel disease

Frontiers in Endocrinology, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 15

Published: July 15, 2024

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic immune-mediated condition that affects the digestive system and includes Crohn’s (CD) ulcerative colitis (UC). Although exact etiology of IBD remains uncertain, dysfunctional immunoregulation gut believed to be main culprit. Amongst immunoregulatory factors, reactive oxygen species (ROS) nitrogen (RNS), components oxidative stress event, are produced at abnormally high levels in IBD. Their destructive effects may contribute disease’s initiation propagation, as they damage lining activate inflammatory signaling pathways, further exacerbating inflammation. Oxidative markers, such malondialdehyde (MDA), 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), serum-free thiols (R-SH), can measured blood stool patients with These markers elevated IBD, their correlate severity disease. Thus, used not only diagnosis but also monitoring response treatment. It targeted treatment through use antioxidants, including vitamin C, E, glutathione, N-acetylcysteine. In this review, we summarize role pathophysiology its diagnostic targets, potential application antioxidant therapies manage treat

Language: Английский

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Mitochondrial dysfunction is a major cause of thromboinflammation and inflammatory cell death in critical illnesses

Inflammation Research, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 74(1)

Published: Jan. 13, 2025

Language: Английский

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Oxidative stress in critically ill neonatal foals

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 39(1)

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Abstract Background Oxidative injury occurs in septic people, but the role of oxidative stress and antioxidants has rarely been evaluated foals. Objectives/Hypothesis To measure reactive oxygen species (ROS), biomarkers injury, neonatal We hypothesized that ill foals would have higher blood concentrations ROS lower compared to healthy Animals Seventy‐two hospitalized 21 Methods Prospective cohort study. Reactive (hydrogen peroxide [H 2 O ]), (malondialdehyde [MDA], protein carbonyl), (superoxide dismutase [SOD], catalase [CAT], glutathione, glutathione reductase [GR] peroxidase [GPx]) were measured from at admission. Measured variables between using a 1‐way ANOVA by Tukey's multiple comparisons test. Results Ill (n = 51) had significantly mean H (healthy 2.6 ± 1.4 nmol/mL, 6.8 4.6 L nmol/mL; 95% CI), MDA 31.2 14.4 114.3 94.0 carbonyl 0.07 0.01 nmol/mg protein, 0.12 0.02 CI). Significant CAT 0.4 0.3 mU/mg 238.5 101.9 μg/mL, 110.7 37.8 CI; P < .0001), GR 1.6 1.8 0.5 GPx 0.003 0.007 0.002 CI) also noted. Conclusions Clinical Importance antioxidant occur bacteremic These should be considered during treatment

Language: Английский

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Comparative study between high and low dose methylene blue infusion in septic cancer patients: a randomized, blinded, controlled study

BMC Anesthesiology, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 25(1)

Published: Jan. 8, 2025

Abstract Purpose Septic shock is a common threat, and the primary cause of death in almost all critical care units. Mortality septic remains exceedingly high. The early use methylene blue (MB) different doses as adjunctive to vasopressors has promising results. Methods This double-blind, randomized, controlled trial comprised 90 patients divided into 3 groups: Group A received 100 ml 0.9% NaCl placebo over 20 min; B an MB bolus 1 mg/kg NaCl, C 4 during same period. Groups were given 0.25 mg/kg/hour infusion for 72 h after dose. All started on noradrenaline at rate 0.1–0.2 µ/kg/min adjusted accordingly maintain MAP ≥ 65 mmHg. Time vasopressor discontinuation was outcome while total vasopressors, ventilation days, free ICU stay, hospital mortality secondary outcomes. Results exhibited significantly decreased time termination, vasopressor-free days 28 comparison A. However, there no significant difference between C. had lower dosages compared A, however, found. three groups near statistical significance ( p = 0.083). Using logistic regression model, group protective against with hazard ratio 0.29 (95%CI: 0.09–0.90). Conclusion In cancer shock, delivery reduces stoppage increases days. No high low doses, adverse effects noted. Compared placebo, dose shows survival advantage. Trial registration Prospectively registered clinicaltrials.gov [NCT 06005558]. (Date 15/08/2023).

Language: Английский

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Engineered Nanomicelles Delivering the Combination of Steroids and Antioxidants Can Mitigate Local and Systemic Inflammation, Including Sepsis

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: unknown

Published: Feb. 13, 2025

Chronic inflammation is mainly characterized by the release of proinflammatory cytokines (cytokine storm) and reactive oxygen/nitrogen species. Sepsis a life-threatening condition resulting from successive chronic inflammatory responses toward infection, leading to multiple organ failure and, ultimately, death. As oxidative stress are known nourish each other initiate an uncontrolled immune response, inhibiting cross-talk between response using anti-inflammatory drugs antioxidants can be promising strategy target sepsis. Here, we present engineering chimeric nanomicelles (NMs) ester-linked polyethylene glycol-derived lithocholic acid–drug conjugate dexamethasone (DEX), potent glucocorticoid possessing properties, vitamin E (VITE), antioxidant stress. Interestingly, these DEX-VITE NMs show enhanced accumulation at inflamed sites driven permeation retention effect mitigate localized acute in paw, lung, liver models. We further demonstrated efficacy mitigating LPS-induced endotoxemia CLP-induced microbial sepsis, conferring survival advantages. also modulate homeostasis decreasing infiltration total cells, neutrophils, overall macrophages. Finally, administration reduces prevents vascular damage, two critical factors sepsis pathogenesis. Therefore, this therapeutic approach effectively deliver steroids systemic inflammation.

Language: Английский

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Editorial: Understanding molecular mechanisms to facilitate the development of biomarkers for therapeutic intervention in gastrointestinal diseases and sepsis

Frontiers in Genetics, Journal Year: 2025, Volume and Issue: 16

Published: March 11, 2025

Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders include a range of pathological conditions with varying severities and outcomes that impact the integrity function GI tract. These indigestion, inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) ulcerative colitis (UC) Crohn's disease (CD), malignant tumors. The resulting dysfunction intestinal barrier, leading to impaired permeability, allows for translocation luminal contents, including intact microbes microbial products. This situation can cause severe sepsis potentially fatal if timely intervention is not provided. Advancements in omics technology have facilitated identification evaluation molecular biomarkers diagnosis. encompass genomic (e.g., single nucleotide polymorphisms), transcriptomic (including non-coding RNAs), epigenetic DNA methylation), proteomic, metabolomic, microbiome (Dalal et al., 2020;Sahoo 2022bSahoo , 2024a) ) (Figure 1). hold significant clinical potential improving diagnosis, prognosis, treatment strategies patients sepsis. For diagnosing sepsis, addition lactate as widely utilized biomarker, other surrogate markers, such C-reactive protein (CRP) procalcitonin, which are produced response infection inflammation, may assist identifying at risk developing before organ occurs (Faix, 2013). As oxidative stress (OS) plays key role progression septic shock multiple failure (Sahoo 2024b;Wong 2025), OS markers associated specifically, superoxide dismutase, soluble endoglin, asymmetric dimethylarginine, neopterin, merit further investigation (Helan 2022). Several emerging microRNA-486-5p, circular RNAs (circRNAs), HOXA distal transcript antisense RNA (a lncRNA located on chromosome 7q15.2), C vitamin K-dependent glycoprotein), prokineticin 2, triiodothyronine also enhancing early detection prognostic assessment high sensitivity specificity (He 2024).Mendelian randomization (MR) examines causal effects modifiable exposures, factors, health by utilizing genetic variants linked those specific exposures (Richmond, MR analysis Zhang al. showed CMPF (3-carboxy-4-methyl-5propyl-2-furanpropanoate) has an association 28-day all-cause mortality cases metabolic pathway alpha-linolenic acid linoleic was identified crucial factor development study Ye demonstrated levels suppression tumorigenicity 2 (sST2) blood diagnostic implications Moreover, sST2 comparable predictive capability SOFA (Sequential Organ Failure Assessment) APACHE II (Acute Physiology Chronic Health Evaluation II) scores had greater than lactic assessing prognosis Jin used single-cell sequencing (scRNA-seq) several PIM1 (proviral integration site Moloney murine leukemia virus kinase 1), HIST1H1C (Histone Cluster 1 H1 Family Member C), IGSF6 (Immunoglobulin Superfamily 6). involvement modulating immune-inflammatory during verified through experimental validation, indicating promising novel therapeutic target.The endoscopic suspected IBD collection mucosal biopsies histopathological confirmation continues be gold standard establishing efficacy, post-operative recurrence; however, it costs invasiveness. Biomarkers enable non-invasive evaluation, fecal calprotectin being most frequently current practice. T>C substitution SNPs affect functionality DLG5 (discs large homolog 5) protein, along lack CARD15/NOD2 (caspase recruitment domain family number 15/nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-containing 2) CD pathogenesis, could serve (Dudzińska 2018). (microbial markers) been reported. example, Faecalibacterium prausnitzii its phylogroups elevated Escherichia coli counts Akkermansia muciniphila pediatric Additionally, reductions Firmicutes (Clostridiales) correlate severity, while increased abundance Lactobacilllaceae Enterococcaceae families, well genera Lactobacillus, Enterococcus, Eggerthella, noted UC (Wang 2024). In dogs CIE, there notable dysbiotic profile both bacteria, marked reduction Clostridium Bacteroides increase Enterobacteriaceae 2022a).The regulation gene expression mediated microRNA (miRNA) essential appropriate functioning intestine (Shanahan 2021). Numerous studies effectively unique miRNA profiles indicate upregulation or downregulation one more miRNAs biopsy samples from (James, 2020) affected chronic enteropathy (CIE) 2024a). colonic mucosa active shown overexpress miRNAs, miR-21, miR-150, miR-155, like miR-143 miR-145 when compared healthy controls (Alghoul Comparing controls, miR-196 miR-7 differential saliva, blood, colon tissue analyzed (Schaefer 2015). research highlighted (specifically, miR-31, miR-142-3p, miR-142-5p) exhibiting changes across all three sample types comparing non-IBD Recent methylation genes contributes pathogenesis IBD, implying their utility (Cooke 2012;Nimmo 2012). A comprehensive patterns genome, performed rectal biopsies, revealed signatures, Fanconi anemia complementation group (FANCC), thyroid hormone receptor-associated (THRAP2), globoside alpha-1,3-Nacetylgalactosaminyltransferase (GBGT1), tumor necrosis ligand superfamily member 4 (TNFSF4), 12 (TNFSF12), docking (DOK2), fucosyltransferase 7 (FUT7). exhibited differences specimens individuals Response infliximab resulted decreases macrophage-derived cluster differentiation 14 (CD14) CD86 levels, chemokine CCL2 (Magnusson 2015), highlighting monitor treatment.The Song employing suggests interleukin-13 (IL-13) pathophysiology (CD UC). Whereas macrophage migration inhibitory appears specifically related CD, stem cell likely play Another Qian gastric cancer exhibit decreased tryptophan, nonadecanoate (19:0), erythritol. Zhu employed GPBAR1 (G protein-coupled bile receptor IL1RL1 (Interleukin receptor-like PRKCB (Protein Kinase Beta), PNMT (Phenylethanolamine N-Methyltransferase) IBD. protective effect against GPX1 (Glutathione peroxidase GPBAR1, implicated UC. scRNA-seq Keever-Keigher common were observed disorders, extensive MTRNR2L8 (MT-RNR2 Like 8) various types. XIST (X Inactive Specific Transcript) different Th2 (T helper 2)-associated eosinophilic noteworthy.Colorectal (CRC) neoplasia. To facilitate CRC, minimally invasive reproducible technique known liquid (LB) established. method isolates cancer-derived components patients' peripheral and/or body fluids, circulating cells (CTC), miRNA, long (lncRNAs), (ctDNA) (Zhang 2023). Heat-shock 27 (Hsp27) expressed explicitly well-differentiated CRC biomarkers, epidermal growth (EGFR), B (AKT), human (ERBB2) (Gan 2014). Glutathione S-transferase pi1 (GSTP1) KTR8 overexpressed poorly differentiated CRCs. contrast, triosephosphate isomerase (TPI), tubulin beta chain (TUBB), fatty acid-binding (FABP1) upregulated exclusively welldifferentiated Human leukocyte antigen (HLA-A) Circular (circRNAs) hsa_circ_001978, hsa_circ_103627, hsa_circ_105039, circ_0124554 indicators diagnosis CRC. Levels serum miR-29a, miR-125b differentiate colorectal neoplasia ones (Yamada Serum miR-92a, miR-182S, miR-223, miR-17-5p, miR-18a-5p, miR-18b-5p, miR-103a-3p, miR-127-3p, miR-151a-5p, miR-181a-5p screening CircRNAs synergize proteins RNAs, circ_0000523 methyltransferase-like 3 (METTL3), enhance accuracy 2022).Carcinoembryonic (CEA) carbohydrate 19-9 (CA19-9) currently primary conducted Dai indicates overall survival rate disease-free progressively decline increasing positive after surgical intervention. Nomograms pre-and postoperative CEA CA19-9 demonstrate predicting recurrence stage I-III following radical surgery, significantly outperforming American Joint Committee Cancer (AJCC) 8th Tumor-Node-Metastasis (TNM) stage. Rad highlights machine learning algorithms recurrence, examining least serial measurements necessary accurate prediction recurrence. Pan involved retrospective data 36,708 who underwent gastroscopy colonoscopy between 2005 2022. Conventional adenomas (CAs), serrated polyps (SPs), non-adenomatous (NAPs), Helicobacter pylori older age. presence moderate metaplasia NAP CAs. found low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, whereas high-grade correlation advanced pathology CRC.In individual without signs, biomarker panels resource identify recognize precancerous conditions. symptomatic patients, these help cancerous benign states. Furthermore, undergoing procedures, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, valuable tools evaluating success elimination (complete resection remission) Identifying validating optimal step, offers considerable personalized medicine outcomes. However, into they

Language: Английский

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Bacteriophages as a potential substitute for antibiotics: A comprehensive review

Cell Biochemistry and Function, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 42(3)

Published: April 1, 2024

Over the years, administration of antibiotics for purpose addressing bacterial infections has become increasingly challenging due to increased prevalence antimicrobial resistance exhibited by various strains bacteria. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) species are rising unavailability novel antibiotics, leading higher mortality rates. With these conditions, there is a need alternatives in which phage therapy made promising results. Phage-derived endolysins, cocktails, and bioengineered phages effective have properties against MDR extensively drug-resistant strains. Despite these, it been observed that can give activity more than one species. Thus, cocktail resistant provides broad spectrum treatment magnitude effectivity, many folds antibiotics. Many commercially available endolysins such as Staphefekt SA.100, Exebacase (CF-301), N-Rephasin®SAL200 used biofilm penetration treating plant diseases. The role CMP1 endolysin transgenic tomato plants preventing Clavibacter michiganensis infection effectiveness protecting Atlantic salmon from vibriosis reported. Furthermore, phage-derived therapy, TSPphg exogenous treatment, aid disrupting cell walls, lysis. As animals aquaculture slaughterhouses highly susceptible infections, instead help treat poultry animals, preserve them, facilitate disease-free trade. Using cocktails enhances providing target specificity. Research currently being conducted on clinical trials confirm efficacy engineered humans. Although obtaining commercial approval may be time-consuming, will beneficial postantibiotic era. This review an overview significance potential alternative combating its application fields emphasizes importance safeguarding ensuring efficacy.

Language: Английский

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Curcumin‐loaded nanoparticles effectively prevent T₄‐induced oxidative stress in rat heart

Cell Biochemistry and Function, Journal Year: 2024, Volume and Issue: 42(4)

Published: June 1, 2024

Abstract In this study, we report the cardioprotective effect of glycerol monooleate (GMO) based nanocurcumin in both vitro and vivo conditions under a hyperthyroid state. The heart is one primary target organs sensitive to action thyroid hormone, slight variations hormone serum concentrations result measurable changes cardiac performance. Hyperthyroidism‐induced hypermetabolism associated with oxidative stress an important mechanism responsible for progression failure. Curcumin has been known play protective role against stress‐related diseases like Alzheimer's, asthma, aging due its antioxidant properties. Nevertheless, potent biological activity hindered poor bioavailability. To overcome drawback, GMO‐based biodegradable nanoparticle (NP) formulation loaded curcumin developed, curcumin‐loaded NPs was compared native drug. Oxidative parameters reactive oxygen species (ROS) release, change mitochondrial membrane permeability, lipid peroxidation (LPx), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) protein expression endogenous enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase (CAT) glutathione peroxidase were evaluated. results from showed that better DPPH NO radical scavenging than range 2.5–20 µM. It also observed nanoparticulate comparatively more effective protecting ROS‐induced damage by reducing LPx LDH leakage at low 5–10 Further, performed facilitating activities respect time concentrations, resulting reduced cellular ROS levels. scenario, anticipate can serve as counterpart diseases.

Language: Английский

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Role of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials in Crop Plants Temperature/Heat Stress Management

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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Impact of Carbon-Based Nanomaterials on Soil Microbiomes and Associated Activities

Published: Jan. 1, 2025

Language: Английский

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